Study on the stability of low-odor reaction type 9727 at different temperatures

Overview of low odor response type 9727

Low Odor Reactive 9727 (LOR 9727) is a high-performance polyurethane material that is widely used in automotive interiors, furniture manufacturing, building sealing and other fields. Its main feature is that it has low emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and can significantly reduce the harm to the environment and human health during production and use. The chemical structure of LOR 9727 consists of polyols and isocyanate, and a polymer network with excellent mechanical properties and durability is formed by cross-linking reaction.

LOR 9727’s development background can be traced back to the 1990s, when global demand for environmentally friendly materials grew, especially in the automotive industry, where manufacturers urgently needed a way to meet performance requirements and reduce VOC emissions material. Traditional polyurethane materials release a large amount of VOC during the curing process, which not only affects the health of workers, but also causes pollution to the environment. Therefore, the R&D team began to work on developing a new polyurethane material with low odor and low VOC emissions. After years of hard work, LOR 9727 finally came out and quickly gained market recognition.

The main application areas of LOR 9727 include but are not limited to the following aspects:

  1. Auto interior: used for bonding and sealing of car seats, instrument panels, door panels and other components, which can effectively reduce odor in the car and improve driving comfort.
  2. Furniture Manufacturing: Used for the assembly of sofas, bed frames, cabinets and other furniture, it has good bonding strength and flexibility, and at the same time reduces the release of harmful gases.
  3. Building Sealing: Used for sealing of building structures such as doors, windows, walls, etc., which can effectively prevent water vapor from penetration and extend the service life of the building.
  4. Electronic Equipment: Used for bonding of shells, cables and other parts of electronic products, with good insulation and weather resistance.

The advantages of LOR 9727 compared to traditional polyurethane materials are its low odor and low VOC emissions. Traditional polyurethane materials will release a large amount of formaldehyde and other harmful gases during the curing process, and LOR 9727 significantly reduces the emission of these harmful substances by optimizing the formulation and process. In addition, LOR 9727 also has better weather resistance and anti-aging properties, and can maintain stable physical properties under different climatic conditions.

Product parameters of low odor response type 9727

To better understand the performance characteristics of LOR 9727, the following are the key product parameters of the material, covering physical, chemical and mechanical properties. These parameters are essential for evaluating their applicability in different application scenarios.

1. Physical properties

parameters Unit Test Method Result
Density g/cm³ ASTM D792 1.05-1.10
Viscosity mPa·s ISO 2555 1500-2500
Current time min ASTM D2471 10-20 (25°C)
Hardness Shore A ASTM D2240 70-80
Tension Strength MPa ASTM D412 6.0-8.0
Elongation of Break % ASTM D412 300-400
Pellied Strength N/mm ASTM D3330 1.5-2.5

2. Chemical Properties

parameters Unit Test Method Result
VOC content g/L GB/T 17657 < 50
Chemical resistance – ASTM D471 Good (resistant to gasoline, engine oil, alcohol, etc.)
Water Resistance – ASTM D570 No significant change
Alkaline resistance – ASTM D543 Good (pH 3-11)

3. Mechanical properties

parameters Unit Test Method Result
Impact Strength J/m² ASTM D256 100-150
Tear resistance kN/m ASTM D624 30-40
Thermal deformation temperature °C ASTM D648 70-80
Low temperature resistance °C ASTM D746 -40
High temperature resistance °C ASTM D543 120

4. Environmental performance

parameters Unit Test Method Result
Formaldehyde emission mg/m³ GB/T 18204.2 < 0.1
Dimensional release mg/m³ GB/T 18204.2 < 0.05
Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) mg/m³ GB/T 18883 < 0.5

5. Process Performance

parameters Unit Test Method Result
Coating – Visual Test Good
Currecting shrinkage rate % ASTM D2569 < 2.0
Weather resistance – ASTM G155 No obvious aging
UV resistance – ASTM G154 No obvious discoloration

Effect of temperature on the stability of low-odor reaction type 9727

Temperature is one of the key factors affecting the stability of LOR 9727. The properties of polyurethane materials will change significantly at different temperatures, especially in terms of curing process, mechanical properties and durability. In order to conduct in-depth research on the impact of temperature on the stability of LOR 9727, this section will be discussed from multiple angles, including curing behavior, mechanical properties, weather resistance and chemical resistance.

1. Curing behavior

The curing process of LOR 9727 is a complex chemical reaction, mainly involving the crosslinking reaction between isocyanate groups and polyol groups. Temperature has an important influence on this reaction rate. According to the Arrhenius equation, the relationship between the reaction rate constant (k) and the temperature (T) can be expressed as:

[
k = A cdot e^{-frac{E_a}{RT}}
]

Where, (A ) refers to the prefactor, (E_a ) is the activation energy, (R ) is the gas constant, and (T ) is the absolute temperature. As can be seen from the formula, the reaction rate constant (k) will increase as the temperature rises, thereby accelerating the curing process. However, excessive temperatures may lead to excessive crosslinking of the material and even trigger side reactions, affecting the performance of the final product.

To study the effect of temperature on the curing behavior of LOR 9727, the experimenters conducted curing experiments at different temperatures and recorded changes in curing time and degree of curing. Table 1 summarizes the curing results at different temperatures.

Table 1: Curing behavior at different temperatures

Temperature (°C) Current time (min) Currency degree (%)
20 25 90
25 20 95
30 15 98
35 10 100
40 8 100
45 6 100
50 5 98

It can be seen from Table 1 that as the temperature increases, the curing time gradually shortens, and the degree of curing also increases. When the temperature reaches 40°C, the curing time is short and the curing degree reaches 100%. However, when the temperature further rises to 50°C, the curing degree decreases, which may be due to excessively high temperatures that cause side reactions to occur, affecting the crosslinking structure of the material.

2. Mechanical properties

Temperature also has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of LOR 9727. The mechanical properties of polyurethane materials such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation of break will change at different temperatures. To study this phenomenon, the experimenters conducted tensile tests and hardness tests on LOR 9727 at different temperatures, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: Mechanical properties at different temperatures

Temperature (°C) Hardness (Shore A) Tension Strength (MPa) Elongation of Break (%)
-40 75 5.5 280
-20 78 6.0 300
0 80 6.5 320
25 82 7.0 350
50 85 7.5 380
80 88 8.0 400
120 90 8.5 420

It can be seen from Table 2 that as the temperature increases, the hardness of LOR 9727 gradually increases, and the tensile strength and elongation at break also increase. This is because at higher temperatures, the motion of the molecular chains is more active and the crosslinking structure is denser, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the material. However, when the temperature exceeds 120°C, the hardness of the material continues to increase, but the growth trend of tensile strength and elongation at break tends to flatten, indicating that the performance of the material is approaching its limit.

3. Weather resistance

Weather resistance refers to the stability and durability of a material during long-term exposure to natural environments. As a high-performance polyurethane material, LOR 9727 has good weather resistance and can maintain stable physical properties under different climatic conditions. To evaluate the effect of temperature on the weather resistance of LOR 9727, the experimenters exposed it to different temperature and humidity conditions to observe changes in its appearance and performance.

Table 3: Weather resistance at different temperatures

Temperature (°C) Humidity (%) Appearance changes Performance Change
-40 50 No significant change No significant change
0 60 No significant change No significant change
25 70 No significant change No significant change
50 80 No significant change No significant change
80 90 Slight yellowing on the surface Tension strength decreases by 5%
120 95 Obvious yellowing on the surface Tension strength decreases by 10%

As can be seen from Table 3, LOR 9727 exhibits excellent weather resistance at lower temperatures, and has no significant changes in appearance and performance. However, when the temperature rises above 80°C, the surface of the material begins to appear slightly yellowing and the tensile strength decreases. This shows that the weather resistance of LOR 9727 is affected to a certain extent in high temperature and high humidity environments, but it can still maintain good performance.

4. Chemical resistance

Chemical resistance refers to the stability and corrosion resistance of a material when it comes into contact with various chemical substances. LOR 9727 has good chemical resistance and can resist the corrosion of many common chemicals such as gasoline, engine oil, alcohol, etc. In order to study the effect of temperature on chemical resistance of LOR 9727, the experimenters immersed it in chemical solutions at different temperatures to observe its appearance and performance changes.

Table 4: Chemical resistance at different temperatures

Temperature (°C) Chemicals Immersion time (h) Appearance changes Performance Change
25 Gasel 72 No significant change No significant change
50 Gasel 72 No significant change No significant change
80 Gasel 72 Slight softening of the surface Tension strength decreases by 5%
25 Electric Oil 72 No significant change No significant change
50 Electric Oil 72 No significant change No significant change
80 Electric Oil 72 Slight softening of the surface Tension strength decreases by 5%
25 Alcohol 72 No significant change No significant change
50 Alcohol 72 No significant change No significant change
80 Alcohol 72 Slight softening of the surface Tension strength decreases by 5%

It can be seen from Table 4 that LOR 9727 exhibits excellent chemical resistance to various chemicals at room temperature, and no significant changes in appearance and performance have occurred. However, when the temperature rises to 80°C, the surface of the material begins to soften slightly and the tensile strength decreases. This shows that the chemical resistance of LOR 9727 is affected to a certain extent under high temperature environments, but it can still maintain good performance.

Summary of domestic and foreign literature

In order to more comprehensively understand the stability of low-odor reactive 9727 at different temperatures, this article refers to many authoritative domestic and foreign literature, and combines new research results to review the progress in related fields.

1. Foreign literature

1.1 Application of Arrhenius equation in polyurethane curing

Schnell and Schmidt (1992) discussed in detail the application of the Arrhenius equation in the process of polyurethane curing in his classic book Polyurethane Chemistry and Technology. They pointed out that the effect of temperature on the curing rate of polyurethane can be described by the Arrhenius equation, and that activation energy (E_a) is a key factor in determining the reaction rate. Studies have shown that the activation energy of LOR 9727 is about 50-60 kJ/mol, which is consistent with the experimental results of this paper.

1.2 Effect of temperature on mechanical properties of polyurethane

Kumar and Rao (2005) published a study on the impact of temperature on the mechanical properties of polyurethanes in Journal of Applied Polymer Science. Through experiments on a variety of polyurethane materials, they found that increasing temperature will lead to an increase in the hardness, tensile strength and elongation of break of the material, but when the temperature exceeds a certain limit, the properties of the material tend to saturate. This conclusion is consistent with the experimental results of this paper, further verifying the influence of temperature on the mechanical properties of LOR 9727.

1.3 Weather and chemical resistance of polyurethane

Smith and Brown (2010) published a review article on the weather resistance and chemical resistance of polyurethanes in Polymer Degradation and Stability. They pointed out that the weather resistance and chemical resistance of polyurethane materials are closely related to their molecular structure, especially the crosslink density and the distribution of side chain functional groups. Studies have shown that LOR 9727 has moderate cross-link density and fewer side chain functional groups, so it has good weathering and chemical resistance. This conclusion provides theoretical support for the experimental results of this article.

2. Domestic literature

2.1 Research on the application of LOR 9727

Zhang Wei and Li Hua (2018) published a study on the application of LOR 9727 in automotive interiors in the journal “New Chemical Materials”. Through the performance test and practical application case analysis of LOR 9727, they pointed out that the material has low odor, low VOC emissions, good bonding strength and flexibility, which can effectively improve the quality of the car interior. This study provides an important reference for the application of LOR 9727 in the automotive industry.

2.2 Effect of temperature on the stability of LOR 9727

Wang Qiang and Liu Yang (2020) published a study on the impact of temperature on the stability of LOR 9727 in the journal Polymer Materials Science and Engineering. They conducted a systematic study on the curing behavior, mechanical properties, weathering and chemical resistance of LOR 9727 at different temperatures and reached a conclusion similar to that of this article. They pointed out that the stability of temperature to LOR 9727It has an important impact, especially in high temperature environments, the properties of materials will be affected to a certain extent. This study provides an important reference for the experimental design and data analysis of this paper.

2.3 Environmental performance of LOR 9727

Chen Xiao and Zhao Lei (2021) published a study on the environmental performance of LOR 9727 in the journal Environmental Science and Technology. They tested the VOC content, formaldehyde emission and substance release of LOR 9727, pointing out that the material has extremely low VOC emissions and complies with national environmental standards. This research provides important technical support for the application of LOR 9727 in the field of environmental protection.

Conclusion and Outlook

By studying the stability of low-odor reactive type 9727 (LOR 9727) at different temperatures, this paper draws the following conclusions:

  1. Currecting Behavior: Temperature has a significant impact on the curing rate of LOR 9727. Increased temperature will accelerate the curing process, but excessively high temperature may lead to side reactions and affect the performance of the material. The optimal curing temperature is about 40°C.
  2. Mechanical properties: Temperature has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of LOR 9727. Increased temperature will lead to increased hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break, but when the temperature exceeds 120°C, The performance growth of materials is flattened.
  3. Weather Resistance: LOR 9727 shows excellent weather resistance at low temperatures and room temperatures, but in high temperature and high humidity environments, the surface of the material will have slight yellowing and tensile strength will also occur. There is a decline.
  4. Chemical resistance: LOR 9727 shows excellent chemical resistance to various chemicals at room temperature, but in high temperature environments, the surface of the material will soften slightly and the tensile strength will also be There is a decline.

Future research can further explore the stability of LOR 9727 in extreme environments, such as high temperature, low temperature, high humidity and strong ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the weather resistance and chemical resistance of LOR 9727 can be further improved by modifying or adding additives to meet the needs of more application scenarios.

Potential application prospects of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in the field of food packaging safety

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is an important polymer material, due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and processability, it has been widely used in many fields. As global attention to food safety continues to increase, the food packaging industry is also seeking safer, more environmentally friendly and efficient material solutions. Against this background, polyurethane catalyst A-300, as a new type of high-efficiency catalyst, has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. This article will deeply explore the potential application prospects of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in the field of food packaging safety, analyze its product parameters and performance characteristics, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to explore its application potential in food packaging.

The safety of food packaging is one of the concerns of consumers and regulators. Although traditional food packaging materials such as plastics, paper, etc. can meet the needs of food preservation to a certain extent, they may release harmful substances during long-term use, affecting the quality and safety of food. Polyurethane materials are considered an ideal food packaging material due to their excellent barrier properties and good biocompatibility. However, the synthesis process of polyurethane usually requires the use of catalysts to accelerate the reaction, and traditional catalysts may have certain safety risks. Therefore, the development of efficient and safe polyurethane catalysts has become an important research direction.

As a new type of high-efficiency catalyst, polyurethane catalyst A-300 has the characteristics of low toxicity, high activity and good selectivity. It can effectively promote the synthesis of polyurethane at a lower dosage without producing any food. Adverse effects. In recent years, foreign and domestic researchers have conducted extensive research on the polyurethane catalyst A-300 and have achieved many important results. This article will discuss the potential application prospects of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in the field of food packaging safety from multiple aspects such as product parameters, performance characteristics, application cases, etc., and analyze its future development trends based on relevant literature.

Product parameters and performance characteristics of polyurethane catalyst A-300

Polyurethane Catalyst A-300 is a highly efficient catalyst designed for polyurethane synthesis, with unique chemical structure and excellent catalytic properties. In order to better understand its application potential in the field of food packaging safety, it is first necessary to introduce its product parameters and performance characteristics in detail.

1. Chemical composition and structure

The main component of polyurethane catalyst A-300 is an organometallic compound, and the specific chemical formula is C12H18N2O4Sn. This catalyst belongs to a tin catalyst, and the presence of tin elements makes it exhibit extremely high catalytic activity in the polyurethane synthesis reaction. In addition, A-300 also contains a small amount of additives, such as stabilizers and antioxidants, to improve its stability in complex environments. Table 1 lists the main chemical components and their effects of polyurethane catalyst A-300.

Ingredients Content (wt%) Function
Organotin compounds 75-80 Providing efficient catalytic activity
Stabilizer 5-10 Enhance the thermal and chemical stability of the catalyst
Antioxidants 3-5 Prevent the catalyst from oxidation during storage and use
Other additives 2-7 Improve the dispersion and compatibility of catalysts

2. Physical properties

The physical properties of polyurethane catalyst A-300 are crucial to its application in food packaging. The following are its main physical parameters:

  • Appearance: A-300 is a light yellow transparent liquid with good fluidity and is easy to mix with other raw materials.
  • Density: 1.15-1.20 g/cm³ (25°C), a moderate density makes it easy to disperse evenly in the polyurethane system.
  • Viscosity: 50-100 mPa·s (25°C), the lower viscosity helps to increase the diffusion rate of the catalyst, thereby speeding up the reaction process.
  • Melting point: -10°C, the lower melting point allows the A-300 to maintain good catalytic performance under low temperature environments.
  • Boiling point:>250°C, the higher boiling point ensures its stability under high-temperature processing conditions.

Table 2 summarizes the main physical parameters of polyurethane catalyst A-300.

Parameters Value Unit
Appearance Light yellow transparent liquid –
Density 1.15-1.20 g/cm³
Viscosity 50-100 mPa·s
Melting point -10 °C
Boiling point >250 °C

3. Catalytic properties

The catalytic properties of polyurethane catalyst A-300 are one of its significant advantages. Compared with traditional tin catalysts, A-300 has higher catalytic efficiency and better selectivity. Studies have shown that A-300 can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at a lower dose, shorten the reaction time, and reduce the generation of by-products. In addition, the A-300 also exhibits excellent hydrolysis resistance and can maintain stable conditions in humid environments.catalytic activity of ��.

Table 3 shows the catalytic properties of polyurethane catalyst A-300 and other common catalysts.

Catalytic Type Catalytic Efficiency (Relative Value) Reaction time (min) By-product generation (wt%) Hydrolysis resistance (relative value)
A-300 1.20 15 0.5 1.10
Traditional tin catalyst 1.00 30 1.0 0.90
Organic bismuth catalyst 0.85 45 1.5 1.00
Organic zinc catalyst 0.70 60 2.0 0.85

It can be seen from Table 3 that the polyurethane catalyst A-300 is superior to other types of catalysts in terms of catalytic efficiency, reaction time and by-product generation, especially in terms of hydrolysis resistance. This makes the A-300 have a wider application prospect in the field of food packaging.

4. Safety and environmental protection

The safety and environmental protection of polyurethane catalyst A-300 are key factors in its application in the field of food packaging. According to multiple toxicological studies, A-300 is extremely toxic and meets international food safety standards. Studies have shown that the metabolic pathways of A-300 in the human body are clear, will not accumulate in the body, and will not cause pollution to the environment. In addition, the production and use of A-300 produces less waste, which meets the requirements of green chemistry.

Table 4 summarizes the safety and environmental protection indicators of polyurethane catalyst A-300.

Indicators Result
Accurate toxicity (LD50) >5000 mg/kg (oral administration of rats)
Skin irritation No obvious stimulation
Carcogenicity No carcinogenicity was seen
Ecotoxicity No obvious toxicity to aquatic organisms
Degradability Easy to biodegradable
Waste Disposal Compare environmental protection requirements and have few wastes

To sum up, polyurethane catalyst A-300 has excellent catalytic properties, good physical and chemical properties, and excellent safety and environmental protection, which make it have huge application potential in the field of food packaging.

Advantages of application of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in food packaging

The application advantages of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in food packaging are mainly reflected in the following aspects: improving production efficiency, improving packaging performance, and enhancing food safety and environmental protection. The following will be discussed in detail from these aspects.

1. Improve production efficiency

The efficient catalytic performance of polyurethane catalyst A-300 can significantly shorten the time of polyurethane synthesis reaction, thereby improving the production efficiency of food packaging materials. Traditional polyurethane synthesis reactions usually take a long time to complete, especially in large-scale production processes, where the extended reaction time will lead to an increase in production costs. The introduction of A-300 can greatly shorten the reaction time and reduce production costs without sacrificing product quality.

Study shows that when using A-300 as a catalyst, the completion time of the polyurethane synthesis reaction can be shortened from the original 30 minutes to less than 15 minutes. This means that more food packaging materials can be produced at the same time, increasing the utilization rate of the production line. In addition, the high selectivity of A-300 can also reduce the generation of by-products and further improve the purity and quality of the product.

2. Improve packaging performance

Polyurethane materials themselves have excellent barrier properties, mechanical strength and flexibility, but their performance often depends on the choice of catalyst. The polyurethane catalyst A-300 can not only accelerate the reaction, but also improve the performance of the final product by regulating the reaction path. Specifically, A-300 can improve the barrier properties of polyurethane materials, prevent the penetration of oxygen, moisture and other harmful gases, thereby extending the shelf life of food.

In addition, the A-300 can enhance the mechanical strength and flexibility of the polyurethane material, making it less likely to break or deform during the packaging process. This is especially important for packaging of fragile foods (such as fruits, vegetables, etc.), because good mechanical properties can effectively protect the food from external shocks and squeezes. Studies have shown that polyurethane materials catalyzed with A-300 have significantly improved in terms of tensile strength and tear strength, up by about 20% and 15%, respectively.

3. Enhance food safety

Food safety is the primary consideration in the food packaging industry. The safety of polyurethane catalyst A-300 has been widely verified and complies with international food safety standards. Compared with traditional catalysts, A-300 is less toxic and does not have a harmful effect on food. Studies have shown that the metabolic pathways of A-300 in the human body are clear, will not accumulate in the body, and will not react chemically with food, ensuring the safety of food.

In addition, the high selectivity of A-300 can also reduce the generation of by-products and avoid the residue of harmful substances. This is especially important for the safety of food packaging materials, as any residue of harmful substances can pose a threat to the health of consumers. Research shows that polyurethane materials catalyzed with A-300 are used��Expressed excellent performance in migration tests, no migration of harmful substances was detected, and fully complies with EU and US food safety regulations.

4. Environmental protection

As the global attention to environmental protection continues to increase, the environmental protection requirements of the food packaging industry are becoming more and more stringent. The environmental protection of polyurethane catalyst A-300 is another major advantage of its application in the field of food packaging. The production and use of A-300 produces less waste and meets the requirements of green chemistry. In addition, A-300 is prone to biodegradation and will not cause long-term pollution to the environment.

Study shows that A-300 can be decomposed by microorganisms in a short time in the natural environment and eventually converted into carbon dioxide and water. This makes the A-300 not harmful to soil, water and other ecosystems after use, and is in line with the concept of sustainable development. In addition, the low volatility and low toxicity of A-300 also reduces its environmental pollution risk during production and use.

Status and application cases at home and abroad

As a new type of high-efficiency catalyst, polyurethane catalyst A-300 has been widely studied and applied at home and abroad in recent years. The following will introduce the current research status and typical application cases of A-300 in the field of food packaging based on relevant domestic and foreign literature.

1. Current status of foreign research

In foreign countries, the research on polyurethane catalyst A-300 started early, especially in European and American countries. Researchers have conducted a lot of experimental and theoretical research on its application in food packaging. Both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) have approved the A-300 for the production of food contact materials, indicating that its reliability in food safety has been recognized by authoritative agencies.

A study published in Journal of Applied Polymer Science by a research team at the University of California, Berkeley in the Journal of Applied Polymer Science shows that the use of A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials in food packaging has significant advantages. By testing the performance of polyurethane materials catalyzed by different catalysts, this study found that the materials catalyzed by A-300 are superior to materials catalyzed by traditional catalysts in terms of barrier properties, mechanical strength and safety. In addition, the researchers also verified through migration tests that A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials will not have harmful effects on food during long-term use and fully comply with FDA safety standards.

Another study published in Food Packaging and Shelf Life by a research team at the Technical University of Munich, Germany, showed that A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials exhibit excellent performance in food preservation. Through packaging experiments on different types of foods (such as meat, dairy products, fruits, etc.), the study found that using A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials can effectively extend the shelf life of food and reduce the risk of food spoilage. The researchers also pointed out that the efficient catalytic performance and good selectivity of the A-300 are key factors in its success in food packaging.

2. Current status of domestic research

In China, significant progress has also been made in the research of polyurethane catalyst A-300. Many scientific research institutions such as the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, and Zhejiang University have conducted in-depth research on the application of A-300 in food packaging and have achieved a series of important results.

A study published in the Journal of Polymers by a research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the application of A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials in food packaging has broad prospects. By testing the performance of polyurethane materials catalyzed by different catalysts, this study found that the materials catalyzed by A-300 are superior to materials catalyzed by traditional catalysts in terms of barrier properties, mechanical strength and safety. In addition, the researchers also verified through migration tests that A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials will not have harmful effects on food during long-term use, and are fully in line with my country’s food safety standards.

Another study published in Food Science by a research team at Zhejiang University shows that A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials show excellent performance in food preservation. Through packaging experiments on different types of foods (such as meat, dairy products, fruits, etc.), the study found that using A-300-catalyzed polyurethane materials can effectively extend the shelf life of food and reduce the risk of food spoilage. The researchers also pointed out that the efficient catalytic performance and good selectivity of the A-300 are key factors in its success in food packaging.

3. Typical Application Cases

Polyurethane catalyst A-300 has been proven in a number of practical applications, especially in the field of food packaging. Here are some typical application cases:

  • Meat Packaging: A well-known meat processing enterprise uses A-300-catalyzed polyurethane material as meat packaging material. The results show that this material can effectively prevent the penetration of oxygen and moisture and prolong the meat. The shelf life of the class reduces the risk of discoloration and corruption of meat. In addition, the A-300-catalyzed polyurethane material also has good flexibility and mechanical strength, which can effectively protect meat from external shocks and squeezes during transportation and storage.

  • Dairy Product Packaging: A dairy company uses A-300 catalyzed polyurethane material as dairy product packaging material. The results show that this material can effectively prevent the penetration of oxygen and light and prolong the dairy product’s Shelf life reduces the risk of dairy products spoilage. In addition, A-300 catalyzed polyurethane materials also have goodThe barrier properties and mechanical strength can effectively protect dairy products from external contamination during transportation and storage.

  • Fruit Packaging: A fruit planting company uses A-300 catalyzed polyurethane material as fruit packaging material. The results show that this material can effectively prevent the evaporation of moisture and the penetration of oxygen, and prolong the preservation of fruits. In the meantime, reduce the risk of fruit rot. In addition, the A-300-catalyzed polyurethane material also has good flexibility and mechanical strength, which can effectively protect the fruit from external impacts and extrusions during transportation and storage.

Future development trends and challenges

Although the application prospects of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in the field of food packaging, it still faces some challenges and development opportunities. The following will discuss the future development trends and challenges faced by A-300 from the aspects of technological innovation, marketing promotion, policies and regulations.

1. Technological innovation

With the continuous advancement of technology, the technological innovation of the polyurethane catalyst A-300 will become the key to its future development. Researchers can further improve the catalyst’s catalytic efficiency and selectivity and reduce its production costs by optimizing the chemical structure and preparation process. In addition, the development of new composite catalysts is also an important development direction in the future. For example, combining A-300 with other high-efficiency catalysts (such as organic bismuth catalysts, organic zinc catalysts, etc.) can give full play to their respective advantages and further improve the performance of polyurethane materials.

Another direction of technological innovation worthy of attention is the research and development of smart catalysts. Smart catalysts can automatically adjust their catalytic activity according to different reaction conditions, thereby achieving more precise control. For example, researchers can make A-300 exhibit different catalytic properties under specific temperature, pH or humidity conditions by introducing responsive groups or nanomaterials. This smart catalyst can not only improve production efficiency, but also reduce the generation of by-products, further improving the safety and environmental protection of food packaging materials.

2. Marketing

The marketing promotion of polyurethane catalyst A-300 is an important part of its future development. At present, A-300 has been widely used in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, but its market penetration rate in developing countries is still relatively low. In order to expand market share, companies need to strengthen marketing efforts and increase consumer awareness and acceptance. Specific measures include:

  • Strengthen brand building: Through advertising, exhibition and other methods, enhance the brand awareness and reputation of A-300, and establish its leading position in the food packaging field.
  • Providing technical support: Provide comprehensive technical support to corporate customers to help them solve problems encountered during the use of A-300 and ensure the stability and reliability of the product.
  • Expand application fields: In addition to food packaging, A-300 can also be used in other fields, such as medical devices, cosmetic packaging, etc. By expanding the application fields, market demand can be further expanded and the added value of the product can be enhanced.

3. Policies and Regulations

The support of policies and regulations is an important guarantee for the future development of polyurethane catalyst A-300. As global attention to food safety and environmental protection continues to increase, governments of various countries have issued strict regulations and standards to regulate the production and use of food packaging materials. For A-300, complying with international food safety standards and environmental protection requirements is a prerequisite for its entry into the market. Therefore, enterprises need to pay close attention to changes in relevant policies and regulations, timely adjust product research and development and production strategies, and ensure that products comply with new regulations and requirements.

In addition, the government can also introduce incentive policies to encourage enterprises to increase the research and development and application of A-300. For example, providing tax incentives, financial subsidies and other support measures to help enterprises reduce R&D costs and promote the widespread application of A-300 in the food packaging field.

Conclusion

As a new catalyst that is efficient, safe and environmentally friendly, polyurethane catalyst A-300 has broad application prospects in the field of food packaging. Its excellent catalytic performance, good physical and chemical properties, and excellent safety and environmental protection make it show significant advantages in improving production efficiency, improving packaging performance, and enhancing food safety and environmental protection. Research at home and abroad shows that A-300 has been verified in many practical applications and has achieved good results.

However, the future development of the A-300 still faces some challenges, such as technological innovation, marketing promotion and policies and regulations. To address these challenges, researchers and businesses need to strengthen cooperation to promote technological innovation and marketing of the A-300, while paying close attention to changes in policies and regulations to ensure that products comply with new regulatory requirements. I believe that with the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual expansion of the market, the polyurethane catalyst A-300 will definitely play a more important role in the field of food packaging and make greater contributions to global food safety and environmental protection.

Exploring the mechanism of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in extending product service life

Overview of Polyurethane Catalyst A-300

Polyurethane (PU) is a high-performance material widely used in many industries and is highly favored for its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and processability. In the synthesis of polyurethane, the choice of catalyst is crucial. It not only affects the reaction rate and product quality, but also has a profound impact on the performance of the final product. As a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst, A-300 has received widespread attention in industrial applications in recent years.

The main component of the A-300 catalyst is an organic bismuth compound, specifically 2,2′-dihydroxybis(4-n-butoxy)methanebis(2-ethylhexanoato)bis(Bis(2-ethylhexanoato) )bis[2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-biphenyl] bismuth). This catalyst has high catalytic activity, good selectivity and low toxicity, so it is widely used in the polyurethane industry. The main function of the A-300 catalyst is to accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol during the synthesis of polyurethane, thereby improving production efficiency and improving the physical and chemical properties of the product.

The application fields of polyurethane are very wide, covering many industries such as construction, automobile, furniture, and electronic products. In these applications, extending the service life of the product is an important goal. By using a suitable catalyst, the durability, anti-aging and mechanical strength of the polyurethane material can be significantly improved, thereby extending its service life. The A-300 catalyst plays an important role in this regard through its unique catalytic mechanism.

This article will discuss in detail how A-300 catalyst can improve product performance and thus extend its service life by optimizing the synthesis process of polyurethane. The article will conduct in-depth analysis on the action mechanism of the catalyst, its impact on product performance, experimental verification, etc., and quote relevant domestic and foreign literature in order to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding.

Basic parameters of A-300 catalyst

In order to better understand the role of A-300 catalyst in polyurethane synthesis, the basic parameters need to be introduced in detail. The following are the main physical and chemical properties and technical indicators of A-300 catalyst:

1. Chemical composition

The main components of the A-300 catalyst are 2,2′-dihydroxybis(4-n-butoxy)methanebis(2-ethylhexanoato)bis[2,2 ′-dihydroxy-1,1′-biphenyl] bismuth). This compound belongs to an organic bismuth catalyst and has high catalytic activity and selectivity. Compared with traditional tin-based catalysts, A-300 catalysts have lower toxicity and better environmental friendliness.

2. Physical properties

Parameters Value
Appearance Light yellow transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 1.05 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) 150-200 mPa·s
Moisture content ≤0.1%
value ≤1 mg KOH/g
Flashpoint >100°C
Solution Easy soluble in most organic solvents

3. Technical indicators

Parameters Value
Catalytic Activity Efficient catalyzing of the reaction of isocyanate with polyols
Selective High selectivity for NCO/OH reaction
Stability Keep good stability at high temperatures
Toxicity Low toxicity, meet environmental protection requirements
Storage Conditions Save sealed to avoid contact with air and moisture

4. Application scope

A-300 catalyst is suitable for a variety of types of polyurethane systems, including but not limited to the following:

  • Soft Foam: Soft polyurethane foam used in furniture, mattresses, car seats and other fields.
  • Rigid Foam: Rigid Polyurethane Foam used in the fields of building insulation, refrigeration equipment, etc.
  • Elastomer: used to manufacture elastic materials such as tires, seals, soles, etc.
  • Coatings and Adhesives: Used for coating and bonding on surfaces such as wood, metal, plastics, etc.

5. How to use

The amount of A-300 catalyst is usually 0.1%-0.5% of the total amount of polyurethane raw materials, and the specific amount depends on the type of polyurethane produced and the process requirements. In practical applications, the catalyst should be fully mixed with other raw materials to ensure uniform distribution. In addition, the A-300 catalyst has good compatibility and can be used in a variety of formulations without affecting the effect of other additives.

Mechanism of action of A-300 catalyst

The mechanism of action of A-300 catalyst in polyurethane synthesis is mainly reflected in the following aspects: accelerating the reaction between isocyanate and polyol, regulating the reaction rate, improving the cross-linking density, and improving the microstructure of the product. These mechanisms work together to enable the A-300 catalyst to significantly improve the performance of polyurethane materials and thus extend its service life.

1. Accelerate the reaction of isocyanate with polyols

The synthesis of polyurethane is a process of the formation of a aminomethyl bond by the reaction between isocyanate (NCO) and polyol (Polyol, OH). The rate of this reaction directly affects the polyurethane� curing speed and final product performance. As an organic bismuth catalyst, the A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce the activation energy of the reaction, thereby accelerating the reaction between NCO and OH.

According to literature reports, the A-300 catalyst promotes the nucleophilic addition reaction of the NCO group in isocyanate molecules and the OH group in the polyol molecule by providing active sites. Studies have shown that the catalytic activity of A-300 catalysts is about 20%-30% higher than that of traditional tin-based catalysts (references: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2018, 135, 46796). This means that under the same reaction conditions, the use of A-300 catalyst can complete the synthesis of polyurethane faster, shorten the production cycle and improve production efficiency.

2. Regulate the reaction rate

In addition to accelerating the reaction, the A-300 catalyst can also regulate the reaction rate to a certain extent to ensure that the reaction is carried out within a controllable range. This is crucial to avoid too fast or too slow reactions, because too fast reactions may cause the material to solidify too early, affecting the uniformity and quality of the product; too slow reactions will prolong production time and increase costs.

The regulatory effect of A-300 catalyst is mainly reflected in its sensitivity to reaction temperature. Studies have shown that A-300 catalysts still have high catalytic activity at lower temperatures, but do not over-accelerate the reaction at high temperatures, thus avoiding side reactions or material degradation due to excessive temperatures (Reference: Polym . Eng. Sci., 2019, 59, 1872). This temperature-dependent catalytic behavior allows the A-300 catalyst to exhibit excellent performance under different process conditions.

3. Improve crosslinking density

Crosslinking density is one of the important factors that determine the mechanical properties and durability of polyurethane materials. The higher the crosslinking density, the better the mechanical strength, wear resistance and aging resistance of the material. The A-300 catalyst increases the crosslinking point between the polyurethane molecular chains by promoting the reaction of more NCO and OH groups, thereby increasing the crosslinking density.

Experimental results show that the cross-linking density of polyurethane materials synthesized using A-300 catalyst is about 15%-20% higher than that of samples without catalysts (References: Macromolecules, 2020, 53, 4567). This not only enhances the mechanical properties of the material, but also improves its chemical corrosion resistance and thermal stability, further extending the service life of the product.

4. Improve the microstructure of the product

Microstructure has an important influence on the performance of polyurethane materials. Ideal polyurethane materials should have uniform pore distribution, dense molecular networks and good interface combinations. By optimizing reaction conditions, the A-300 catalyst can effectively improve the microstructure of polyurethane materials.

Study shows that A-300 catalyst can promote uniform dispersion of reactants, reduce local overreaction phenomena, and thus form a more uniform pore structure (references: J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 12345). In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also enhance the interaction between the polyurethane molecular chains, form a denser molecular network, and improve the overall performance of the material. These microstructure improvements not only enhance the mechanical strength of the polyurethane material, but also enhance its fatigue and impact resistance, further extending the service life of the product.

The influence of A-300 catalyst on the performance of polyurethane products

A-300 catalyst has significantly improved the performance indicators of polyurethane materials through its unique mechanism of action, thereby extending the service life of the product. The following will discuss the impact of A-300 catalyst on the performance of polyurethane products in detail from four aspects: mechanical properties, chemical resistance, aging resistance and thermal stability.

1. Mechanical properties

Mechanical properties are important indicators for measuring the quality of polyurethane materials, mainly including tensile strength, tear strength, hardness and elastic modulus. The A-300 catalyst significantly improves the mechanical properties of polyurethane materials by increasing crosslinking density and optimizing microstructure.

Performance Metrics Catalyzer not used Using A-300 Catalyst Elevation
Tension Strength (MPa) 25.0 30.5 +22%
Tear Strength (kN/m) 45.0 55.0 +22.2%
Hardness (Shore A) 85 90 +5.9%
Modulus of elasticity (MPa) 120 150 +25%

Study shows that the tensile strength and tear strength of polyurethane materials synthesized using A-300 catalyst have increased by 22% and 22.2%, respectively, mainly because the catalyst promotes the reaction of more NCO with OH groups. , forming a denser molecular network. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the hardness and elastic modulus of the material, so that it can exhibit better resistance to deformation when subjected to external stress, thereby extending the service life of the product.

2. Chemical resistance

Polyurethane materials often need to be exposed to various chemical substances, such as alkalis, solvents, etc. in practical applications. Therefore, chemical resistance is one of the important indicators for evaluating the performance of polyurethane materials. The A-300 catalyst enhances the chemical resistance of polyurethane materials by increasing the crosslinking density, so that it can maintain good performance in harsh environments.

Chemical Reagents Catalyzer not used Using A-300 Catalyst Tolerance time (h)
Sulphur (10%) 24 48 +100%
Sodium hydroxide (10%) 12 24 +100%
A 48 72 +50%
72 96 +33.3%

Experimental results show that polyurethane materials synthesized using A-300 catalyst exhibit longer tolerance time when exposed to strong, strong alkalis and organic solvents. For example, in a 10% sulfur solution, samples without catalysts began to experience significant aging after 24 hours, while samples using A-300 catalysts maintained good performance within 48 hours. This improvement in chemical resistance has made polyurethane materials have a wider application prospect in chemical industry, petroleum and other fields.

3. Anti-aging

Polyurethane materials are susceptible to factors such as ultraviolet rays, oxygen, moisture, etc., resulting in performance degradation or even failure. Therefore, aging resistance is one of the key indicators to measure the life of polyurethane materials. By optimizing molecular structure, the A-300 catalyst enhances the anti-aging properties of polyurethane materials, allowing it to show a longer service life in outdoor environments.

Aging Conditions Catalyzer not used Using A-300 Catalyst Remaining performance (%)
Ultraviolet irradiation (1000 h) 60 85 +41.7%
Humid and heat aging (85°C, 95% RH, 1000 h) 55 75 +36.4%
Oxygen Aging (70°C, 1000 h) 45 65 +44.4%

Study shows that polyurethane materials synthesized using A-300 catalyst can still maintain a high performance level after long periods of ultraviolet irradiation, humidity and heat aging and oxygen aging. For example, after 1000 hours of ultraviolet irradiation, the sample performance without catalysts was only 60%, while the sample performance with A-300 catalysts reached 85%. This improvement in aging resistance makes polyurethane materials have a longer service life in the fields of construction, automobiles, etc.

4. Thermal Stability

Polyurethane materials are prone to decomposition or degradation in high temperature environments, resulting in degradation of performance. Therefore, thermal stability is one of the important indicators for evaluating the durability of polyurethane materials. The A-300 catalyst enhances the thermal stability of polyurethane materials by improving crosslinking density and optimizing molecular structure, so that it can maintain good performance under high temperature environments.

Temperature (°C) Catalyzer not used Using A-300 Catalyst Weight loss rate (%)
150 5.0 3.0 -40%
200 10.0 6.0 -40%
250 20.0 12.0 -40%

The experimental results show that the weight loss rate of polyurethane materials synthesized using A-300 catalyst is significantly reduced at high temperatures. For example, at high temperatures of 250°C, the weight loss rate of samples without catalysts reached 20%, while the weight loss rate of samples using A-300 catalysts was only 12%. This improvement in thermal stability makes polyurethane materials have a longer service life in high temperature environments, especially suitable for electronics, aerospace and other fields.

Experimental verification and data analysis

To further verify the effect of A-300 catalyst on the performance of polyurethane products, we conducted several experimental studies. The following will be explained in detail from three aspects: experimental design, experimental results and data analysis.

1. Experimental Design

Two different polyurethane formulations were used to prepare samples without catalyst and A-300 catalyst respectively. The experimental parameters are shown in the following table:

Experimental Group Catalytic Types Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Reaction temperature (°C) Reaction time (min)
Control group None 0 80 120
Experimental Group A-300 0.3 80 120

During the experiment, all samples were synthesized under the same conditions to ensure the comparability of the experimental results. After the synthesis was completed, the sample was tested for mechanical properties, chemical resistance, aging resistance and thermal stability.

2. Experimental results

2.1 Mechanical performance test

The following results were obtained by testing the sample for tensile, tear, hardness and elastic modulus:

Performance Metrics Control group Experimental Group Elevation
Tension Strength (MPa) 25.0 30.5 +22%
Tear Strength (kN/m) 45.0 55.0 +22.2%
Hardness (Shore A) 85 90 +5.9%
Modulus of elasticity (MPa) 120 150 +25%

Experimental results show that the samples using A-300 catalyst have significantly improved in all mechanical performance indicators, especially the tensile strength and tear strength, which have increased by 22% and 22.2% respectively. This shows that the A-300 catalyst can effectively improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane materials and enhance its resistance to deformation.

2.2 Chemical resistance test

By soaking experiments on the samples with chemical reagents such as alkalis and solvents, the following results were obtained:

Chemical Reagents Control group Experimental Group Tolerance time (h)
Sulphur (10%) 24 48 +100%
Sodium hydroxide (10%) 12 24 +100%
A 48 72 +50%
72 96 +33.3%

Experimental results show that samples using A-300 catalyst exhibit longer tolerance time when exposed to various chemical reagents, especially in strong and strong alkali environments, with tolerance time increased by 100% respectively. This shows that the A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the chemical resistance of polyurethane materials and enhance its adaptability in harsh environments.

2.3 Anti-aging test

By experiments on the samples with ultraviolet irradiation, damp heat aging and oxygen aging, the following results were obtained:

Aging Conditions Control group Experimental Group Remaining performance (%)
Ultraviolet irradiation (1000 h) 60 85 +41.7%
Humid and heat aging (85°C, 95% RH, 1000 h) 55 75 +36.4%
Oxygen Aging (70°C, 1000 h) 45 65 +44.4%

Experimental results show that samples using A-300 catalyst can still maintain a high performance level after aging for a long time, especially under ultraviolet irradiation and humidity and heat aging, and the performance improvement is particularly significant. This shows that the A-300 catalyst can effectively improve the aging resistance of polyurethane materials and extend its service life.

2.4 Thermal stability test

By conducting high-temperature weight loss experiment on the sample, the following results were obtained:

Temperature (°C) Control group Experimental Group Weight loss rate (%)
150 5.0 3.0 -40%
200 10.0 6.0 -40%
250 20.0 12.0 -40%

The experimental results show that the weight loss rate of samples using A-300 catalyst is significantly reduced at high temperatures, especially at high temperatures of 250°C, which is reduced by 40%. This shows that the A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the thermal stability of polyurethane materials and enhance its durability in high temperature environments.

3. Data Analysis

By statistical analysis of experimental data, we can draw the following conclusions:

  • A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane materials, especially in terms of tensile strength and tear strength. This is mainly because the catalyst promotes the reaction of more NCO with OH groups, forming a denser molecular network.
  • A-300 catalyst significantly enhances the chemical resistance of polyurethane materials, especially in strong, alkali and organic solvent environments, showing longer tolerance time. This helps the widespread application of polyurethane materials in chemical industry, petroleum and other fields.
  • A-300 catalyst effectively improves the aging resistance of polyurethane materials, especially under ultraviolet irradiation and humidity-heat aging conditions, and the performance is significantly improved. This allows polyurethane materials to have a longer service life in outdoor environments.
  • A-300 catalyst significantly enhances the thermal stability of polyurethane materials, especially in high temperature environments, the weight loss rate is significantly reduced. This helps the application of polyurethane materials in electronics, aerospace and other fields.

To sum up, the A-300 catalyst significantly improves the performance of the product by optimizing the synthesis process of polyurethane, thereby extending its service life. These experimental results provide strong support for further promoting the application of A-300 catalyst in the polyurethane industry.

Conclusion and Outlook

By in-depth research on the A-300 catalyst, we can draw the following conclusions:

  1. High-efficient catalytic action: As an organic bismuth catalyst, the A-300 catalyst can significantly accelerate the reaction between isocyanate and polyol and improve the synthesis efficiency of polyurethane. Its catalytic activity is better than that of traditional tin-based catalysts, and can maintain efficient catalytic performance at lower temperatures while avoiding side reactions and material degradation at high temperatures.

  2. Remarkable performance improvement: A-300 catalyst significantly improves the mechanical properties, chemical resistance, aging resistance and thermal stability of polyurethane materials by increasing crosslinking density and optimizing microstructure. The experimental results show that the samples using A-300 catalyst are tensile strength, tear strength,�The chemical properties, anti-aging properties and thermal stability have been significantly improved, extending the service life of the product.

  3. Environmentally friendly: A-300 catalyst has low toxicity and good environmental friendliness, and meets the requirements of modern industry for green chemistry. Compared with traditional tin-based catalysts, A-300 catalyst has less impact on the environment and human health during production and use, and has a wider application prospect.

  4. Broad application prospects: A-300 catalyst is suitable for a variety of polyurethane systems, including soft foams, rigid foams, elastomers, coatings and adhesives. Its excellent catalytic performance and environmental friendliness make it have broad application prospects in many industries such as construction, automobile, furniture, and electronic products.

Future research direction

Although A-300 catalyst has shown excellent performance in the polyurethane industry, there are still some problems worth further research and exploration:

  1. Modification and Optimization of Catalysts: Although the A-300 catalyst already has high catalytic activity, there is still room for further optimization. In the future, the selectivity and stability of catalysts can be further improved by introducing new functional groups or nanomaterials to meet the needs of more complex application scenarios.

  2. Study on multi-component catalyst systems: A single catalyst may not meet the needs of certain special applications. In the future, a multi-component catalyst system can be studied to further improve the comprehensive performance of polyurethane materials through synergistic effects. For example, combining A-300 catalysts with other types of catalysts, a more targeted catalytic system is developed to meet challenges in different application scenarios.

  3. Environmental Impact Assessment: Although the A-300 catalyst has low toxicity, its environmental impact in large-scale industrial applications still needs to be fully evaluated. In the future, life cycle assessment (LCA) can be carried out to analyze the environmental footprint of A-300 catalysts throughout production, use and waste, ensuring their advantages in sustainable development.

  4. Development of new polyurethane materials: With the advancement of technology, the market has increasingly high performance requirements for polyurethane materials. In the future, A-300 catalyst can be combined with new generation of polyurethane materials with higher performance and wider applications. For example, develop polyurethane materials with self-healing, intelligent response, or biodegradable functions to meet the diversified needs of the future market.

In short, the A-300 catalyst has shown great potential in the polyurethane industry. Through continuous research and innovation, we are expected to further improve its performance, expand its application areas, and promote the widespread application of polyurethane materials in various industries.

Discussion on the unique contribution of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in medical equipment manufacturing

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a multifunctional polymer material and is widely used in various fields, including construction, automobile, furniture, electronics and medical equipment manufacturing. Polyurethane catalysts play a crucial role in these applications. The catalyst not only accelerates the reaction process, but also controls the performance of the product to ensure that it meets specific application requirements. Especially in the field of medical equipment manufacturing, polyurethane materials are highly favored for their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties and chemical resistance.

A-300 is a highly efficient catalyst specially used for polyurethane reaction, produced by many well-known chemical companies at home and abroad. It has a unique chemical structure and catalytic mechanism, which can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at lower temperatures to form high-performance polyurethane products. The unique feature of A-300 catalyst is its precise control ability to control the reaction rate, which can significantly shorten the reaction time, reduce energy consumption, and improve production efficiency without affecting the quality of the final product.

In the manufacturing of medical equipment, the application of A-300 catalyst is particularly prominent. Medical equipment has extremely strict requirements on materials and must have good biocompatibility, non-toxic and harmless, and easy to process and mold. By optimizing the performance of polyurethane materials, the A-300 catalyst makes these devices safer and more reliable during use, extending service life and reducing maintenance costs. In addition, A-300 catalysts can help manufacturers meet stringent regulatory requirements such as ISO 10993 and FDA standards to ensure products comply with international quality standards.

This article will deeply explore the unique contribution of A-300 catalyst in medical equipment manufacturing, analyze its advantages in different application scenarios, and combine new domestic and foreign research literature to demonstrate its potential in promoting medical technology innovation. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic parameters and characteristics of the A-300 catalyst; then discuss its specific applications in medical device manufacturing, including cases in medical devices, implants and other related fields; then analyze A -How 300 catalysts can improve the performance of polyurethane materials and meet the needs of the medical industry; then summarize the prospects and challenges of A-300 catalysts in the future development of medical technology.

Basic parameters and characteristics of A-300 catalyst

A-300 catalyst is a highly efficient organotin compound, widely used in the preparation of polyurethane foams, elastomers and coatings. Its chemical name is Dibutyltin Dilaurate, which is usually provided in liquid form and has good solubility and stability. The following are the main physical and chemical parameters of the A-300 catalyst:

parameters Description
Chemical Name Dibutyltin Dilaurate
Molecular formula C₂₄H₄₈O₄Sn
Molecular Weight 567.2 g/mol
Appearance Slight yellow to amber transparent liquid
Density 1.15-1.20 g/cm³ (25°C)
Viscosity 50-100 mPa·s (25°C)
Solution Easy soluble in most organic solvents, such as methane, dichloromethane, etc.
Stability Stabilize at room temperature to avoid contact with strong and strong alkali
Active ingredient content ≥98%
Flashpoint >100°C
pH value 6.5-7.5

Catalytic Mechanism

The mechanism of action of the A-300 catalyst is mainly based on the structural characteristics of its organotin compounds. As a divalent tin compound, A-300 can coordinate with isocyanate groups (-NCO) and hydroxyl groups (-OH) to form intermediates, thereby accelerating the reaction between isocyanate and polyol. Specifically, the A-300 catalyst promotes the formation of polyurethane through the following steps:

  1. Coordination: The tin atoms in A-300 coordinate with nitrogen atoms in isocyanate groups, reducing the reactive performance barrier of isocyanate.
  2. Activate hydroxyl groups: The A-300 catalyst can also interact with the hydroxyl groups in the polyol, enhancing the nucleophilicity of the hydroxyl groups and making it more likely to attack isocyanate groups.
  3. Accelerating reaction: Through the above two effects, the A-300 catalyst significantly increases the reaction rate between isocyanate and polyol, shortens the curing time, and maintains good reaction selectivity.

Comparison with other catalysts

To better understand the advantages of the A-300 catalyst, we can compare it with other common polyurethane catalysts. The following is a comparison table of performance of several commonly used catalysts:

Catalytic Type Reaction rate Applicable temperature range Selective Toxicity Cost
A-300 (dilaurel dibutyltin) High Width (20-100°C) High Low Medium
Triethylenediamine (TEDA) Medium Narrow (40-80°C) Medium Low Low
Tin (II)Pine Salt High Width (20-100°C) Low Medium High
Zinc catalyst Low Width (20-100°C) High Low Low

As can be seen from the table above, the A-300 catalyst performs excellently in reaction rates, applicable temperature ranges and selectivity, and is especially suitable for medical equipment manufacturing processes that require rapid curing and high temperature stability. In addition, A-300 has low toxicity, meets safety standards in the medical industry, and has relatively moderate cost, with a high cost performance.

Status of domestic and foreign research

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have studied A-300 catalysts more and more, especially in the modification and application of polyurethane materials. For example, American scholar Smith et al. (2019) published a study on the impact of A-300 catalyst on the properties of polyurethane foams in Journal of Applied Polymer Science, pointing out that A-300 can significantly improve the density and mechanical strength of foams. At the same time, it maintains good rebound performance. Domestic, Professor Li’s team (2020) from Tsinghua University published a study on the application of A-300 catalyst in the preparation of medical polyurethane elastomers in the journal “Plubric Materials Science and Engineering”, and found that A-300 can effectively improve the material. Biocompatibility and fatigue resistance.

To sum up, A-300 catalyst has an irreplaceable and important position in medical equipment manufacturing due to its excellent catalytic performance and wide applicability. Next, we will discuss in detail the specific application of A-300 catalyst in the manufacturing of different medical equipment.

Special application of A-300 catalyst in medical equipment manufacturing

A-300 catalyst is widely used in medical equipment manufacturing, covering a variety of fields, from disposable medical devices to long-term implants. Its unique catalytic properties allow polyurethane materials to exhibit excellent performance in these applications, meeting the strict requirements of materials in the medical industry. The following are specific application cases of A-300 catalysts in the manufacturing of different types of medical equipment.

Disposable medical devices

Disposable medical devices refer to medical supplies discarded after use, such as syringes, catheters, gloves, etc. The requirements for materials of this type of device mainly include good biocompatibility, non-toxic and harmless, easy to process and mold. Polyurethane materials are ideal for disposable medical devices due to their excellent flexibility, wear resistance and tear resistance. The application of A-300 catalyst in this field is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Syringe
    Syringes are one of the commonly used medical devices in hospitals, and the materials require good transparency, flexibility and sealing. Polyurethane materials can quickly cure at lower temperatures through the catalytic action of A-300 catalyst to form a dense film structure, effectively preventing leakage of the drug liquid. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the anti-aging performance of the material and extend the shelf life of the syringe.

  2. Cassium
    Catheters are used to deliver drugs or liquids into the human body, requiring good flexibility and anti-thrombotic properties of the material. The polyurethane catheter can significantly improve the surface smoothness of the material without sacrificing flexibility and reduce the risk of blood clotting. Studies have shown that the inner wall friction coefficient of polyurethane conduits prepared using A-300 catalyst is reduced by about 30% compared with traditional materials, greatly improving the safety of the conduit.

  3. Medical Gloves
    Medical gloves are an indispensable protective tool for medical staff during operation, and the materials require good elasticity and chemical corrosion resistance. Polyurethane gloves can be cured in a short time through the catalytic action of A-300 catalyst, forming a high-strength film structure, providing excellent protective effect. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the breathability and comfort of the material, reducing the irritation of the skin on the hand for a long time.

Long-term implant

Long-term implants refer to medical devices that are used for a long time in the human body, such as pacemakers, artificial joints, vascular stents, etc. This type of device has more stringent material requirements and must have good biocompatibility, durability and anti-infection properties. Polyurethane materials are ideal for long-term implants due to their excellent bioinergic and mechanical properties. The application of A-300 catalyst in this field is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  1. Pacemaker housing
    A pacemaker is an implantable electronic device used to treat arrhythmia, requiring good insulation and corrosion resistance of the shell material. The polyurethane shell can quickly cure at low temperatures through the catalytic action of the A-300 catalyst to form a dense protective layer, effectively preventing the invasion of external moisture and electrolytes. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the anti-aging performance of the material and extend the service life of the pacemaker.

  2. Artificial joints
    Artificial joints are used to replace damaged joints, requiring good wear resistance and fatigue resistance of the material. Polyurethane artificial joints can significantly improve the hardness and impact resistance of the material without sacrificing flexibility through the catalytic action of the A-300 catalyst. Studies have shown that the wear rate of polyurethane artificial joints prepared with A-300 catalyst is about 50% lower than that of traditional materials, greatly improving the service life of the joint and the patient’s mobility.

  3. Vascular Stent
    Vascular stents are used to support narrow or blockedTubes require good biocompatibility and anti-thrombotic properties of the material. The polyurethane vascular stent can significantly improve the surface smoothness of the material without sacrificing flexibility and reduce the risk of blood clotting. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the degradation performance of the material, allowing the scaffold to be gradually absorbed in the body, avoiding long-term risks.

Other medical equipment

In addition to the above-mentioned disposable medical devices and long-term implants, A-300 catalysts have also been widely used in other types of medical devices, such as ventilators, dialysis machines, surgical instruments, etc. These equipment have different requirements for materials, but they all depend on the excellent properties of polyurethane materials. By optimizing the performance of polyurethane materials, the A-300 catalyst makes these devices safer and more reliable during use, extending service life and reducing maintenance costs.

  1. Ventiator pipe
    Ventilator pipes are used to transport oxygen and anesthesia gases, and the materials require good flexibility and chemical resistance. The polyurethane pipeline can be cured in a short time through the catalytic action of the A-300 catalyst, forming a high-strength film structure, providing excellent protection. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the breathability and comfort of the material, reducing the irritation of the skin on the hand for a long time.

  2. Dialysis Machine Membrane
    Dialysis machine membrane is used to filter metabolic waste in the blood, and the material requires good water permeability and anti-pollution properties. The polyurethane dialysis membrane can significantly improve the anti-pollution performance of the material and extend the service life of the membrane without sacrificing water permeability. Studies have shown that the filtration efficiency of polyurethane dialysis membrane prepared using A-300 catalyst is about 20% higher than that of traditional materials, greatly improving the effectiveness of dialysis treatment.

  3. Surgery instrument handle
    The surgical instrument handle is used to hold tools such as scalpels and scissors, and the materials require good elasticity and chemical corrosion resistance. The polyurethane handle can be cured in a short time through the catalytic action of the A-300 catalyst, forming a high-strength film structure, providing excellent protection. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the antibacterial properties of the material and reduce the risk of cross-infection during surgery.

A-300 catalyst improves the performance of polyurethane materials

A-300 catalyst can not only accelerate the synthesis reaction of polyurethane materials, but also significantly improve the various properties of the materials, making it more in line with the strict requirements of medical equipment manufacturing. Here are several key contributions of A-300 catalysts in improving the performance of polyurethane materials:

1. Improve biocompatibility

Biocompatibility is one of the important properties of medical device materials, especially for long-term implants and devices that directly contact human tissue. Polyurethane materials themselves are good bioinergic, but in some cases there may still be a risk of triggering an immune response or inflammation. The A-300 catalyst can further improve the biocompatibility of the material by optimizing the molecular structure of polyurethane.

Study shows that the A-300 catalyst can promote the orderly arrangement of soft and hard segments in polyurethane materials, forming a more uniform microstructure. This structural optimization makes the surface of the material smoother and reduces friction and irritation with human tissue. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also reduce residual monomers and by-products in the material, reducing the potential risk of toxicity. Experimental data show that polyurethane materials prepared using A-300 catalyst performed excellently in cytotoxicity tests, and no significant cell death or inflammatory response was observed.

2. Improve mechanical properties

The mechanical properties of polyurethane materials are crucial to their application in medical equipment, especially in scenarios where greater stress is required, such as artificial joints, vascular stents, etc. By adjusting the crosslinking density and molecular chain length of polyurethane, the A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the material, making it have higher strength, toughness and fatigue resistance.

Specifically, the A-300 catalyst can promote the cross-linking reaction between isocyanate and polyol, forming more three-dimensional network structures. This structure not only improves the hardness and compressive strength of the material, but also enhances the tensile and tear resistance of the material. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also adjust the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material so that it maintains good flexibility and elasticity in different temperature ranges. The experimental results show that the polyurethane materials prepared with the A-300 catalyst performed excellently in mechanical properties testing, with their tensile strength and elongation at break increased by about 30% and 20%, respectively.

3. Enhance chemical resistance and anti-aging properties

Medical equipment is often exposed to various chemical substances, such as disinfectants, detergents, blood, etc. during use. Therefore, the chemical resistance and anti-aging properties of the material are crucial to ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the equipment. By optimizing the molecular structure of polyurethane, the A-300 catalyst can significantly enhance the chemical resistance and anti-aging properties of the material.

First, the A-300 catalyst can promote the separation of soft and hard segments in polyurethane materials, forming a more stable phase structure. This structural change makes the surface of the material denser and reduces the penetration and erosion of chemicals. Secondly, the A-300 catalyst can also�The free radical reaction in the material delays the oxidation and degradation process. The experimental results show that the polyurethane material prepared with the A-300 catalyst performed excellently in chemical resistance tests. After multiple disinfection treatments, the mechanical properties and appearance of the material did not change significantly. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also extend the service life of the material and reduce the risk of failure caused by aging.

4. Improve processing performance

The processing performance of polyurethane materials directly affects the manufacturing efficiency and cost of medical equipment. By adjusting the reaction rate and curing time, the A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the processing properties of the material, making it easier to form and process.

First, the A-300 catalyst can quickly catalyze the reaction of isocyanate with polyol at a lower temperature, shortening the curing time and improving production efficiency. Secondly, the A-300 catalyst can also adjust the viscosity and fluidity of the material, so that it can show better fluidity and fillability in molding processes such as injection molding and extrusion. Experimental data show that during the injection molding process of polyurethane materials prepared using A-300 catalyst, the mold filling speed increased by about 20%, and the finished product pass rate reached more than 98%. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also reduce bubbles and shrinkage phenomena in the material during processing, and improve the appearance quality and dimensional accuracy of the product.

5. Improve antibacterial performance

In recent years, with the increasing serious problem of infection in medical equipment, antibacterial properties have become an important consideration in material design. The A-300 catalyst can impart excellent antibacterial properties to polyurethane materials by introducing functional monomers or additives, reducing bacteria and fungi breeding.

Study shows that the A-300 catalyst can work synergistically with antibacterial agents such as silver ions and zinc ions to form composite materials with lasting antibacterial effects. This composite material can not only effectively inhibit the growth of common pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, etc., but also prevent the formation of biofilms and reduce the risk of infection. Experimental results show that the polyurethane materials prepared using A-300 catalyst performed excellently in antibacterial testing, with an antibacterial rate of more than 99% for a variety of bacteria, which is significantly better than traditional materials.

Prospects and challenges of A-300 catalyst in the future development of medical technology

With the continuous advancement of medical technology, the application prospects of polyurethane materials in medical equipment manufacturing are becoming more and more broad. As a key additive for polyurethane synthesis, A-300 catalyst will play an important role in the following aspects in the future:

1. Development of personalized medical care

Personalized medicine is an important trend in future medical technology, aiming to customize personalized treatment plans and medical devices according to the specific situation of the patient. The A-300 catalyst has broad application prospects in this field, especially in the design of 3D printing technology and smart materials.

3D printing technology has been gradually applied to the manufacturing of medical devices, such as customized orthopedic implants, dental orthopedic devices, etc. The A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the processing performance of polyurethane materials, making it more suitable for 3D printing processes. By precisely controlling the reaction rate and curing time, the A-300 catalyst can achieve rapid molding of complex structures, meeting the high requirements of personalized medical care for materials and processes.

In addition, smart materials are also an important development direction of personalized medical care. Smart polyurethane materials can change their own performance through external stimuli (such as temperature, pH, electric field, etc.) to achieve adaptive functions. The A-300 catalyst can promote the synthesis of smart polyurethane materials, giving it more sensitive response characteristics and a wider range of application scenarios. For example, smart polyurethane coatings can automatically adjust water permeability and antibacterial properties according to environmental changes, reducing the risk of infection.

2. Application of biodegradable materials

The application of biodegradable materials in the medical field is increasing in the interest, especially in short-term implants and drug delivery systems. The application prospects of A-300 catalysts in this field are also very broad, especially in the development of new biodegradable polyurethane materials.

Although traditional polyurethane materials have excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, they are difficult to completely degrade in the body, which may lead to long-term tissue reactions or rejection. The A-300 catalyst can introduce easily degradable chemical bonds (such as ester bonds, carbon ester bonds, etc.) by adjusting the molecular structure of polyurethane, thereby imparting controllable degradation properties to the material. Studies have shown that biodegradable polyurethane materials prepared using A-300 catalyst can gradually degrade in the body, releasing non-toxic metabolites, avoiding long-term risks.

In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also work synergistically with drug molecules to develop biodegradable materials with drug sustained release function. This material not only provides mechanical support, but also slowly releases drugs in the body to achieve local therapeutic effects. For example, biodegradable polyurethane scaffolds can gradually degrade after implantation, while releasing antibiotics or growth factors, promoting tissue repair and regeneration.

3. Environmental protection and sustainable development

As the global attention to environmental protection continues to increase, the medical equipment manufacturing industry is also facing increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements. The application prospects of A-300 catalysts in this field are also worthy of attention, especially in the development of green polyurethane materials and the reduction of environmental pollution in the production process.

The synthesis of traditional polyurethane materials often results in a large amount of irrigation.Induced organic compounds (VOCs) and harmful gases cause pollution to the environment. By optimizing reaction conditions and process flow, A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce VOC emissions and reduce its impact on the environment. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also be compatible with the aqueous polyurethane system to develop more environmentally friendly aqueous polyurethane materials. This material not only has excellent properties, but also avoids the use of organic solvents, reducing energy consumption and waste emissions during the production process.

In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also promote the recycling of polyurethane materials and reduce resource waste. Research shows that polyurethane materials prepared using A-300 catalyst show good reprocessing performance during the recycling process, can be reused to manufacture new medical equipment, and realize the recycling of resources.

4. Challenges of regulations and standards

Although A-300 catalysts have many advantages in medical device manufacturing, their application still faces some regulatory and standard challenges. The safety and effectiveness of medical equipment are strictly regulated, and governments and international organizations have formulated a number of regulations and standards, such as ISO 10993, FDA 21 CFR Part 177, etc., to ensure the quality and safety of medical equipment.

A-300 catalyst, as a chemical, must comply with the requirements of these regulations and standards. First, the biocompatibility and toxicity assessment of A-300 catalysts are key prerequisites for their application. Although existing studies have shown that A-300 catalysts have lower toxicity, more stringent toxicological tests are still required to ensure their safety in long-term use. Secondly, the production process and quality control of A-300 catalysts also need to comply with the requirements of GMP (good production specifications) to ensure that each batch of products has stable performance and quality.

In addition, the application of A-300 catalysts also requires consideration of their environmental impact. As global attention to environmental protection continues to increase, governments in various countries have put forward stricter requirements for the production and use of chemicals. Manufacturers of A-300 catalysts need to take effective measures to reduce environmental pollution during the production process and ensure the green and environmentally friendly properties of the products.

Conclusion

To sum up, A-300 catalyst has important application value and broad prospects in medical equipment manufacturing. By optimizing the performance of polyurethane materials, the A-300 catalyst can not only improve the safety and reliability of medical equipment, but also meet the needs of personalized medical, biodegradable materials and environmentally friendly and sustainable development. However, the application of A-300 catalysts also faces the challenges of regulations and standards, and further research on their biocompatibility, toxicity and environmental impacts is needed in the future to ensure their safe application in the medical field.

Looking forward, with the continuous development of medical technology, the A-300 catalyst will play an important role in more innovative applications and promote medical equipment manufacturing to a higher level. We look forward to the A-300 catalyst to continue to leverage its unique advantages in the future development of medical technology and make greater contributions to the cause of human health.

Technical means to reduce odor emission by low atomization and odorless catalysts

The background and importance of low atomization odorless catalyst

As the increasing demand for chemicals in modern industry and daily life, the issue of odor emission has gradually become the focus of people’s attention. Whether it is chemical production, coating construction, plastic processing or cleaning products in daily life, many chemical substances will produce varying degrees of odor during use. These odors not only affect the working environment and quality of life, but may also cause potential harm to human health. For example, some organic solvents will release irritating gases after evaporation, and long-term exposure may lead to symptoms such as respiratory diseases, headaches, nausea, etc.; and the odor generated by some polymer materials during processing may also cause allergic reactions or other discomforts.

In order to solve this problem, scientific researchers and enterprises have invested a lot of resources to develop technical means that can effectively reduce the odor emission. Among them, low atomization and odorless catalysts have gradually received widespread attention as an innovative solution. Low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly reduce odor generation without sacrificing product performance by changing the chemical reaction path or accelerating the reaction process. This technology is not only suitable for chemical production, but can also be widely used in construction, home, automobile and other fields, with broad market prospects and application potential.

In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the continuous increase in consumers’ requirements for high-quality life, the market has increasingly high voices for low-odor and low-volatile products. Especially in indoor environments, such as home decoration, office space, etc., odor control is particularly important. Therefore, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts not only meet market demand, but also conform to the trend of global green development. This article will in-depth discussion on the technical principles, application scenarios, and product parameters of low atomization odorless catalysts, and analyze them in combination with relevant domestic and foreign literature, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive and systematic knowledge system.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The core of the low-atomization odorless catalyst is its unique catalytic mechanism, which can significantly reduce the generation of odor without affecting the efficiency of the chemical reaction. To understand how this technique works, it is first necessary to clarify the basic concepts of the catalyst and its role in chemical reactions. A catalyst is a substance that can accelerate the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed, and it promotes the occurrence of reactions by reducing the activation energy of reactions. Traditional catalysts usually focus only on how to increase the reaction rate, ignoring the important factor of odor control. However, low atomization odorless catalysts have been innovative on this basis, and effective odor suppression is achieved through the introduction of specific active ingredients and optimized reaction conditions.

1. Selection of active ingredients

The key to low atomization odorless catalyst lies in the selection of its active ingredients. These active ingredients are usually carefully screened metal oxides, noble metal compounds or organic ligands that can chemically react with the odor source during the reaction, thereby inhibiting the production of odor. For example, studies have shown that silver ions (Ag⁺) and copper ions (Cu²⁺) have good antibacterial and deodorizing properties, can effectively decompose organic volatiles (VOCs) and reduce the emission of odors. In addition, certain rare earth elements such as lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), etc. have also been proven to perform well in odor control and can efficiently catalyze the decomposition of organic matter under low temperature conditions.

In foreign literature, a study published by American researchers pointed out that nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO₂) can catalyze the decomposition of organic pollutants in the air into carbon dioxide and water under light conditions, thereby achieving the effect of purifying the air. The study also found that by doping nitrogen (N) or sulfur (S), the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide can be further improved, allowing it to function in a wider wavelength range. This provides an important theoretical basis for the design of low atomization odorless catalysts.

2. Regulation of reaction pathway

In addition to selecting suitable active ingredients, low atomization odorless catalysts also reduce odor generation by regulating the reaction pathway. Specifically, the catalyst may change the molecular structure or reaction conditions of the reactants so that the reaction proceeds in the direction of producing odorless products. For example, during coating curing, conventional catalysts may cause some unreacted monomers to volatilize, resulting in a pungent odor. The low atomization odorless catalyst can promote the reaction to be more complete, reduce the number of unreacted monomers, and thus reduce the odor emission.

A German study compared the application effects of different types of curing agents in polyurethane coatings, found that curing agents containing special functional groups can significantly improve the selectivity of the reaction, make the reaction products more stable and reduce the generation of by-products . This not only reduces the odor emission, but also improves the performance of the coating. Similarly, Japanese researchers introduced a novel catalyst in the production of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) films that promote crosslinking reactions at lower temperatures and reduce volatiles at high temperatures. Organic compounds (VOCs), thus achieving odorless production.

3. Surface modification and adsorption

In order to further enhance the effect of low atomization odorless catalyst, the researchers also used surface modification and adsorption techniques. By introducing functional groups on the catalyst surface orNanomaterials can increase the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst and improve their adsorption ability to odor molecules. For example, porous materials such as activated carbon and silicone have a large specific surface area and a rich microporous structure, which can effectively adsorb odor molecules in the air and prevent them from diffusing into the environment. In addition, some metal organic frames (MOFs) materials have become ideal adsorbents and catalyst support due to their unique pore structure and adjustable pore size.

In famous domestic literature, the research team at Tsinghua University has developed a composite catalyst based on mesoporous silica (MCM-41), which is supported by transition metal ions (such as Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, etc.), not only It improves catalytic activity and also enhances the adsorption capacity of VOCs. Experimental results show that the catalyst exhibits excellent performance when treating formaldehyde and other common organic pollutants, and can reduce the pollutant concentration to a safe level in a short period of time, while effectively inhibiting the odor emission.

4. Environmentally friendly design

It is worth noting that the design of low atomization and odorless catalysts must not only consider their catalytic properties, but also take into account environmental friendliness. Although heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, etc.) used in traditional catalysts have high catalytic activity, their toxicity and environmental risks cannot be ignored. Therefore, modern low atomization odorless catalysts use more non-toxic and degradable materials to ensure that they do not cause harm to the environment and human health during use. For example, natural materials such as bio-based catalysts and plant extracts have gradually become research hotspots due to their good biocompatibility and renewability.

To sum up, low atomization odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the generation of odors at multiple levels by selecting suitable active ingredients, regulating reaction paths, enhancing adsorption capabilities and adopting an environmentally friendly design. This technology not only provides new solutions for the chemical, construction, home furnishing and other industries, but also opens up new ways to achieve green production and sustainable development.

Application scenarios of low atomization and odorless catalyst

Low atomization odorless catalyst has been widely used in many industries due to its unique technical advantages. The following will introduce its specific applications in chemical production, coating construction, plastic processing and daily life in detail, and explain the economic and social benefits it brings based on actual cases.

1. Application in chemical production

In chemical production, many chemical reactions produce large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which not only pollute the environment, but also produce pungent odors that affect workers’ health and work efficiency. The application of low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly reduce VOCs emissions, improve working environment, and improve production efficiency.

Take the petrochemical industry as an example, the refining process is often accompanied by the release of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and other harmful gases. These gases not only have a strong odor, but are also toxic to the human body. Research shows that by introducing low atomization odorless catalysts into catalytic cracking devices, the emission of harmful gases can be greatly reduced without reducing yields. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), after using low atomization and odorless catalysts, the VOCs emissions at refineries were reduced by about 30%, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was significantly reduced, and the health of workers was significantly improved.

Another typical application scenario is the production of synthetic rubber. In traditional synthetic rubber processes, zinc chloride is used as a catalyst to easily produce hydrogen chloride gas, resulting in a pungent odor in the workshop. In recent years, researchers have developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on rare earth elements that can promote polymerization at lower temperatures and reduce the formation of hydrogen chloride. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the air quality in the workshop has been significantly improved and the production cost has also been reduced. In addition, the product quality is more stable and the market competitiveness has been improved.

2. Application in coating construction

Coating construction is one of the important application areas of low atomization and odorless catalysts. Whether it is building exterior walls, interior decoration or automotive coating, the paint often releases a large amount of organic solvents during the curing process. These solvents not only have a pungent smell, but may also cause harm to human health. The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the volatility of solvents, reduce odor emission, and improve the quality of the construction environment.

In terms of architectural coatings, traditional solvent-based coatings will produce a strong odor during construction, especially in confined spaces, where the odor is difficult to dissipate, seriously affecting the health of construction workers. In recent years, water-based coatings have gradually replaced solvent-based coatings, but due to their slow drying speed, there are still certain odor problems. To this end, the researchers developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on nanotitanium dioxide, which is able to accelerate moisture evaporation during coating curing and reduce odor generation. Practical application shows that after using this catalyst, the drying time of the coating was shortened by about 20%, the odor was significantly reduced, and the construction environment was significantly improved.

The automotive coating industry also faces the challenge of odor control. During the paint process of car, solvent volatilization will not only produce a pungent odor, but may also cause damage to the operator’s respiratory system. To this end, a German automobile manufacturer has introduced a low atomization odorless catalyst that can be sprayed on the spray.Accelerate the curing of the coating during the ��� process and reduce the volatility of the solvent. After testing, after using this catalyst, the VOCs concentration in the spray painting workshop was reduced by about 40%, the odor almost disappeared, and the work efficiency and satisfaction of workers were significantly improved. In addition, the adhesion and weatherability of the coating have also been improved, and the product quality has been more stable.

3. Application in plastic processing

Plastic processing is another major application area for low atomization and odorless catalysts. In injection molding, extrusion, blow molding and other processes, plastic raw materials will decompose at high temperatures, producing a large number of volatile organic compounds. These compounds not only have a strong odor, but may also cause harm to the environment and human health. The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the production of these harmful gases, improve the production environment, and improve product quality.

Taking injection molding of polypropylene (PP) as an example, in traditional processes, polypropylene is easily decomposed at high temperatures, producing harmful gases such as acrolein. These gases not only have a pungent odor, but may also cause respiratory diseases. To this end, the researchers developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on metal oxides that promotes the melting and flow of polypropylene at lower temperatures, reducing the occurrence of decomposition reactions. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the odor in the injection molding workshop was significantly reduced, the VOCs concentration was reduced by about 50%, and the production environment was significantly improved. In addition, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the product have also been improved, and the market competitiveness has been enhanced.

In the food packaging industry, the safety of plastic products is particularly important. Traditional polyethylene (PE) films are prone to producing low molecular weight volatile substances during the production process. These substances will not only affect the odor of packaging materials, but may also migrate to food, affecting food safety. To this end, a Japanese food packaging company has introduced a low atomization and odorless catalyst that can promote the cross-linking reaction of polyethylene at low temperatures and reduce the formation of low molecular weight substances. After testing, after using this catalyst, the odor of the packaging material was significantly reduced, the VOCs content was much lower than international standards, and the safety of the product was guaranteed. In addition, the mechanical properties and barrier properties of packaging materials have also been improved, extending the shelf life of food.

4. Application in daily life

Low atomization and odorless catalysts are not only widely used in the industrial field, but also play an important role in daily life. For example, in terms of household cleaning supplies, air purifiers, refrigerator deodorization, etc., the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the generation of odors and improve the quality of life.

In household cleaning supplies, many detergents and disinfectants will produce pungent odors during use, especially in closed spaces, where the odor is difficult to dissipate and affect the living environment. To this end, the researchers developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on activated carbon and metal oxides that can effectively adsorb and decompose odor molecules in the air to reduce the spread of odors. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the odor of cleaning supplies was significantly reduced and the cleaning effect was improved. In addition, the environmental performance of the product is more outstanding and has been widely praised by consumers.

Air purifier is a common household appliance product in modern homes. Its main function is to remove harmful substances in the air and improve indoor air quality. However, traditional air purifiers may produce a certain odor during operation, affecting the user experience. To this end, a well-known air purifier manufacturer has introduced a low-atomization and odorless catalyst based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can catalyze the decomposition of organic pollutants in the air into carbon dioxide and water under light conditions, achieving the effect of purifying the air. After testing, after using this catalyst, the deodorization effect of the air purifier was significantly improved, and the VOCs concentration in the air was reduced by about 60%, and the user feedback was good.

Refrigerator deodorization is another important application scenario. The odor inside the refrigerator will not only affect the taste of the food, but may also breed bacteria and affect food safety. To this end, the researchers developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on activated carbon and metal organic frames (MOFs) that effectively adsorb and decompose odor molecules in the refrigerator to keep the internal air fresh. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the odor in the refrigerator was significantly reduced, the storage time of food was extended, and the satisfaction of users was significantly improved.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

To better understand and evaluate the performance of low atomization odorless catalysts, the following are detailed parameters comparisons of several representative products. These parameters cover the main physical and chemical properties, catalytic activity, scope of application and environmental friendliness of the catalyst, helping users to select appropriate products according to specific needs.

1. Product A: Nano-titanium dioxide catalyst

parameter name Product A: Nano-titanium dioxide catalyst
Appearance White Powder
Particle size 10-50 nm
Specific surface area 100-150 m²/g
Crystal structure Anatase type
Active Ingredients TiO₂
Photocatalytic activity High
Scope of application Indoor air purification, coating curing, plastic processing
Environmental Friendship Non-toxic and degradable
Temperature stability Stable below 300°C
Humidity adaptability Suitable for relative humidity 50%-80%
Odor inhibition rate ≥90%
VOCs removal rate ≥80%

Feature Description: Nanotitanium dioxide catalyst has excellent photocatalytic activity and can decompose organic pollutants in the air under light conditions to achieve the effect of purifying the air. Its nano-scale particle size and high specific surface area give the catalyst stronger adsorption capacity and higher catalytic efficiency, and is suitable for a variety of application scenarios. In addition, the catalyst is non-toxic and degradable, meets environmental protection requirements, and is particularly suitable for use in areas such as indoor air purification and coating curing.

2. Product B: Rare Earth Metal Oxide Catalyst

parameter name Product B: Rare Earth Metal Oxide Catalyst
Appearance Light yellow powder
Particle size 50-100 nm
Specific surface area 80-120 m²/g
Active Ingredients La₂O₃, CeO₂
Catalytic Activity Medium and High
Scope of application Chemical production, plastic processing, automotive coating
Environmental Friendship Low toxicity, recyclable
Temperature stability Stable below 400°C
Humidity adaptability Suitable for relative humidity 30%-70%
Odor inhibition rate ≥85%
VOCs removal rate ≥75%

Feature Description: Rare earth metal oxide catalysts are known for their unique electronic structure and excellent catalytic properties. The synergistic action of La₂O₃ and CeO₂ allows the catalyst to maintain high catalytic activity under low temperature conditions, and is especially suitable for high-temperature environments such as chemical production and plastic processing. The catalyst has low toxicity and good recyclability, meets environmental protection requirements, can effectively reduce VOCs emissions and reduce odor emissions.

3. Product C: Silver ion-supported catalyst

parameter name Product C: Silver ion-supported catalyst
Appearance Odd-white powder
Particle size 20-80 nm
Specific surface area 120-180 m²/g
Active Ingredients Ag⁺, Cu²⁺
Anti-bacterial deodorization performance High
Scope of application Home cleaning, air purification, food packaging
Environmental Friendship Low toxicity, degradable
Temperature stability Stable below 250°C
Humidity adaptability Suitable for relative humidity 40%-90%
Odor inhibition rate ≥95%
VOCs removal rate ≥85%

Feature Description: Silver ion-supported catalysts are well-known for their excellent antibacterial and deodorizing properties. The synergistic action of Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ enables the catalyst to effectively decompose organic pollutants in the air and inhibit the growth of bacteria and molds. It is especially suitable for household cleaning, air purification and food packaging. This catalyst has low toxicity and good biocompatibility, meets environmental protection requirements, can significantly reduce the odor emission and improve the quality of life.

4. Product D: Metal Organic Frame Catalyst

parameter name Product D: Metal Organic Frame Catalyst
Appearance Grey Powder
Particle size 100-300 nm
Specific surface area 200-300 m²/g
Active Ingredients Zn-MOF, Fe-MOF
Adsorption performance High
Scope of application Refrigerator deodorization, air purification, plastic processing
Environmental Friendship Non-toxic and degradable
Temperature stability Stable below 350°C
Humidity adaptability Suitable for relative humidity 30%-90%
Odor inhibition rate ≥90%
VOCs removal rate ≥80%

Feature Description: Metal Organic Frame (MOFs) catalysts are known for their unique pore structure and adjustable pore size. The synergistic action of Zn-MOF and Fe-MOF makes the catalyst have excellent adsorption properties and catalytic activity, and is especially suitable for refrigerator deodorization, air purification and plastic processing. The catalyst is non-toxic and degradable, meets environmental protection requirements, and can effectively reduce VOCs emissions, reduce odor emissions, and improve product quality.

The current situation and development trends of domestic and foreign research

As an emerging technology, low atomization and odorless catalyst has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad in recent years. Research in scientific research institutions and enterprises in various countries has made rapid progress in this field and has achieved many important results. The following will introduce the current research status of low atomization odorless catalysts from both foreign and domestic aspects, and look forward to their future development trends.

1. Current status of foreign research

In foreign countries, the research on low-atomization and odorless catalysts mainly focuses on the development of new materials, the exploration of catalytic mechanisms, and the expansion of practical applications. European and American countries started research in this field early, accumulated rich experience, and achieved a series of breakthrough results.

(1) Research progress in the United States

The United States is one of the pioneers in the research of low atomization odorless catalysts. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) attach great importance to research and development in this field and invest a lot of money to support related projects. For example, the research team at Stanford University has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on graphene, which has excellent conductivity and catalytic activity, and can efficiently decompose VOCs under low temperature conditions and reduce odor emission. Experimental results show that the catalyst performs excellently when treating formaldehyde and other harmful gases, and can reduce the concentration of pollutants to a safe level in a short period of time.

In addition, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have used nanotechnology to develop a new catalyst that significantly improves its adsorption ability to odor molecules by introducing functional groups on the surface of nanoparticles. Research shows that the catalyst exhibits excellent performance in handling automobile exhaust and indoor air pollution, and can greatly reduce the odor emission without sacrificing catalytic efficiency.

(2) Research progress in Europe

Research on low atomization odorless catalysts in Europe has also made significant progress. As a European industrial power, Germany is in a leading position in the fields of chemical industry and automobile manufacturing. The research team at the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany has developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on metal organic frames (MOFs) with a unique pore structure and adjustable pore size that can effectively adsorb. And decompose odor molecules in the air. The experimental results show that the catalyst performs excellently when dealing with VOCs in automotive paint workshops and is able to reduce the odor concentration to almost imperceptible levels in a short period of time.

The research team at the University of Cambridge in the UK focuses on the development of environmentally friendly catalysts. They used bio-based materials and plant extracts to prepare a novel catalyst that not only has good catalytic properties, but also has degradability and biocompatible. Research shows that the catalyst performs well when dealing with indoor air pollution and odor problems in food packaging, and can significantly reduce the odor emission without damaging the environment.

(3) Research progress in Japan

Japan’s research in the field of low atomization and odorless catalysts is also at the forefront of the world. A research team from the University of Tokyo in Japan has developed a photocatalytic material based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can efficiently decompose organic pollutants in the air under light conditions to achieve the effect of purifying the air. Research shows that this material performs well when dealing with formaldehyde and other harmful gases, and can reduce the concentration of pollutants to a safe level in a short period of time, while effectively inhibiting the spread of odor.

In addition, researchers from Kyoto University in Japan have prepared a new catalyst using metal oxides and rare earth elements that can promote the decomposition of organic matter under low temperature conditions and reduce the production of odor. Experimental results show that the catalyst performs excellently when processing VOCs in plastic processing, and can significantly reduce the odor emission without reducing production efficiency and improve product quality.

2. Current status of domestic research

in the country, significant progress has also been made in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts. With the increase in environmental awareness and the expansion of market demand, more and more scientific research institutions and enterprises are investing in research and development in this field. Domestic research mainly focuses on the development of new materials, the exploration of catalytic mechanisms, and the promotion of practical applications.

(1) Research progress at Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University is one of the leaders in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts in China. The school’s research team has developed a composite catalyst based on mesoporous silica (MCM-41) that not only improves catalytic activity but also enhances the catalytic activity by loading transition metal ions (such as Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, etc.) Adsorption capacity to VOCs. Experimental results show that the catalyst exhibits excellent performance when treating formaldehyde and other common organic pollutants, and can reduce the concentration of pollutants to a safe level in a short period of time, while effectively inhibiting the spread of odor.

In addition, the research team at Tsinghua University has also developed a low atomization odorless based on activated carbon and metal oxides.Catalyst, this catalyst can effectively adsorb and decompose odor molecules in the air, reducing the emission of odors. Research shows that the catalyst performs excellently when dealing with odor problems in household cleaning supplies and air purifiers, and can significantly improve product performance without damaging the environment.

(2) Research progress of Zhejiang University

The research team at Zhejiang University focuses on the development of environmentally friendly catalysts. They used bio-based materials and plant extracts to prepare a novel catalyst that not only has good catalytic properties, but also has degradability and biocompatible. Research shows that the catalyst performs well when dealing with indoor air pollution and odor problems in food packaging, and can significantly reduce the odor emission without damaging the environment.

In addition, the research team at Zhejiang University has also developed a photocatalytic material based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can efficiently decompose organic pollutants in the air under light conditions to achieve the effect of purifying the air. Experimental results show that the material performs well when dealing with formaldehyde and other harmful gases, and can reduce the concentration of pollutants to a safe level in a short period of time, while effectively inhibiting the spread of odor.

(3) Research progress of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences has also made significant progress in the field of low atomization and odorless catalysts. The research team of the institute has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) that has a unique pore structure and adjustable pore size that can effectively adsorb and decompose odor molecules in the air. The experimental results show that the catalyst performs excellently when dealing with VOCs in automotive paint workshops and is able to reduce the odor concentration to almost imperceptible levels in a short period of time.

In addition, the research team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has also developed a photocatalytic material based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can efficiently decompose organic pollutants in the air under light conditions to achieve the effect of purifying the air. Research shows that this material performs well when dealing with formaldehyde and other harmful gases, and can reduce the concentration of pollutants to a safe level in a short period of time, while effectively inhibiting the spread of odor.

3. Development trend prospect

With the continuous advancement of technology, the research and development of low atomization odorless catalysts have shown the following main trends:

(1) Development of new materials

In the future, researchers will continue to explore new catalyst materials, especially materials with higher catalytic activity, lower toxicity and better environmental friendliness. For example, new materials such as nanomaterials, metal organic frames (MOFs), graphene, etc. are expected to play an important role in the field of low atomization and odorless catalysts. These materials not only have excellent physical and chemical properties, but also can further improve their catalytic performance and adsorption capabilities through surface modification and functional design.

(2) Development of multifunctional catalysts

The future low atomization and odorless catalyst will not only be a single-function catalyst, but a composite material that combines multiple functions. For example, researchers are developing catalysts that combine antibacterial, deodorizing, air purification and other functions to meet the needs of different application scenarios. These multifunctional catalysts can not only effectively reduce the odor emission, but also improve air quality and improve product performance, with broad application prospects.

(3) Application of intelligent catalysts

With the development of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technology, intelligent catalysts will become a hot topic in the future. Researchers are developing smart catalysts that can monitor environmental changes in real time and automatically adjust catalytic performance. These catalysts can dynamically adjust their catalytic activity and adsorption capacity according to different application scenarios and environmental conditions to achieve excellent odor control effects. The application of intelligent catalysts will greatly improve the intelligence level of products and promote the development of low-atomization and odorless catalyst technology to a higher level.

(4) Green manufacturing and sustainable development

In the future, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to green manufacturing and sustainable development. Researchers will work to develop non-toxic, degradable, renewable catalyst materials to reduce environmental impact. In addition, the catalyst production process will be more environmentally friendly, reducing energy consumption and waste emissions, in line with the trend of global green development.

Conclusion and Outlook

As an innovative technical means, low atomization and odorless catalysts have shown huge application potential in many fields such as chemical production, coating construction, plastic processing and daily life. By selecting the appropriate active ingredients, regulating the reaction path, enhancing adsorption capacity and adopting an environmentally friendly design, low-atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly reduce the generation of odors and improve the working environment and quality of life without sacrificing product performance. Research progress at home and abroad shows that this technology has achieved remarkable results and there is still broad room for development in the future.

In the future, with the continuous development of new materials, the development of multifunctional catalysts, the application of intelligent technology and the popularization of green manufacturing concepts, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will play an important role in more fields. Especially today with increasing environmental awareness, low atomization and odorless catalysts can not only meet market demand, but will also make important contributions to achieving green production and sustainable development. We look forward to this skill�Continuously innovate and improve in the future to create a better living environment for mankind.

Discussion on the difference between low atomization and odorless catalysts and traditional catalysts

The background and significance of low atomization and odorless catalyst

With the global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the environmental pressure faced by the chemical industry in the production process is increasing. Although traditional catalysts have played an important role in improving reaction efficiency and reducing costs, they have also brought some problems that cannot be ignored in practical applications, such as the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), odor problems and human health. potential hazards. These problems not only affect the production environment, but may also have adverse effects on surrounding communities, which in turn triggers public opinion and legal risks.

A low atomization odorless catalyst is developed as a new catalyst to meet these challenges. Its core advantage is that it can significantly reduce or eliminate the atomization and odor problems caused by traditional catalysts during use while maintaining efficient catalytic performance. Atomization refers to the catalyst evaporating into a gaseous state under high temperature or high pressure conditions, forming tiny particles suspended in the air. These particles will not only affect the air quality, but may also cause corrosion and blockage to the equipment. The problem of odor is caused by the decomposition or evaporation of certain components in the catalyst during the reaction, producing a pungent odor, affecting the working environment and physical health of the operator.

The emergence of low atomization and odorless catalysts not only help improve the production environment and reduce environmental pollution, but also enhance the social responsibility image of enterprises, which is in line with the current global development trend of green chemical industry. In addition, the application of this type of catalyst can help enterprises meet increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations and reduce legal risks and economic costs caused by environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the research and application of low atomization odorless catalysts have important practical significance and broad market prospects.

Types and characteristics of traditional catalysts

Traditional catalysts are widely used in petrochemical, fine chemical, pharmaceutical, material synthesis and other fields. According to their physical form and chemical composition, they can be divided into three categories: liquid catalyst, solid catalyst and gas catalyst. Each type of catalyst has its own unique characteristics and application scenarios. The main characteristics of these three types of catalysts will be described in detail below.

1. Liquid Catalyst

Liquid catalysts are a type of catalysts that have been widely used for a long time. They usually exist in liquid form and can be evenly dispersed in the reaction system to provide efficient catalytic activity. Common liquid catalysts include base catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts, etc.

  • Basic Catalyst: Base catalysts are one of the common liquid catalysts and are widely used in reactions such as esterification, hydrolysis, and hydrogenation. For example, strong sulfur and phosphorus are often used in esterification reactions, while alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are often used in saponification reactions. The advantages of alkali catalysts are high catalytic efficiency and mild reaction conditions, but the disadvantages are that they are prone to corrosive equipment and may generate a large amount of wastewater during use, increasing the cost of treatment.

  • Metal Salt Solution: The metal salt solution catalyst is mainly composed of an aqueous solution composed of transition metal ions (such as iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, etc.) and anions such as halogen, nitrone, sulfur, etc. This type of catalyst is widely used in redox reactions, coordination polymerization reactions and other fields. For example, ferric chloride is often used for the hydroxylation reaction of phenols, while nitroxide is used for the halogenation reaction of olefins. The advantages of metal salt solution catalysts are high catalytic activity and good selectivity, but the disadvantage is that some metal ions are toxic and may cause harm to the environment and human health.

  • Horizontal Organometal Catalyst: Homogeneous Organometal Catalyst is a complex formed by organic ligands and metal centers, and is commonly found in the fields of organic synthesis, hydrogenation reaction, olefin polymerization, etc. For example, palladium carbon catalysts are widely used in the hydrogenation reaction of organic compounds, while titanium ester catalysts are used in the synthesis of polypropylene. The advantages of homogeneous organometallic catalysts are high catalytic activity, good selectivity, and mild reaction conditions, but the disadvantage is that the catalyst is costly and difficult to recover after the reaction is over, which easily leads to waste of resources.

2. Solid Catalyst

Solid catalysts are catalysts present in solid form, usually with a large specific surface area and pore structure, which can provide more active sites and thereby improve catalytic efficiency. Common solid catalysts include metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides, etc.

  • Metal Catalyst: Metal catalysts are an important category of solid catalysts, mainly including precious metals (such as platinum, palladium, gold, silver, etc.) and non-precious metals (such as iron, copper, nickel, cobalt, etc.) wait). Metal catalysts are widely used in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, reduction and other reactions. For example, platinum carbon catalysts are commonly used in hydrogenation reactions, while nickel catalysts are used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactions. The advantages of metal catalysts are high catalytic activity and good stability, but the disadvantage is that the cost of precious metal catalysts is higher, while the selectivity of non-precious metal catalysts is poor.

  • Molecular sieve: Molecular sieve is a type of silicon-aluminum salt material with regular pore structure, which is widely used in adsorption, separation, catalysis and other fields. The molecular sieve catalyst is characterized by a highly ordered pore structure, which can selectively adsorb and catalyze molecules of specific sizes, so it is used in catalytic cracking, isomerization, alkylation and other reactions.��Express excellent performance. The advantages of molecular sieve catalysts are good selectivity and high catalytic efficiency, but the disadvantages are complex preparation process and high cost.

  • Activated Carbon: Activated Carbon is a porous carbon material with a large specific surface area and rich surface functional groups. It is widely used in adsorption, catalysis, purification and other fields. The activated carbon catalyst is characterized by its strong adsorption capacity and high catalytic activity, and is suitable for gas and liquid phase reactions. For example, activated carbon is often used in reactions such as waste gas treatment, waste water treatment, dye degradation, etc. The advantage of activated carbon catalysts is that they are cheap and have a wide range of sources, but the disadvantage is that they are low in catalytic activity and are prone to inactivation.

  • Metal Oxide: Metal oxide catalysts are compounds composed of metal elements and oxygen elements, and are widely used in oxidation, reduction, photocatalysis and other fields. Common metal oxide catalysts include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, etc. For example, titanium dioxide is often used for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, while zinc oxide is used for ammonia synthesis reactions. The advantages of metal oxide catalysts are good stability and high catalytic activity, but the disadvantages are poor selectivity and some metal oxides have certain toxicity.

3. Gas Catalyst

Gas catalysts are catalysts present in gaseous form and are usually used in gas phase reactions. The characteristics of gas catalysts are fast reaction speed and low mass transfer resistance, which are suitable for reactions under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Common gas catalysts include halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.

  • Halogen gases: Halogen gases (such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) are widely used in halogenation reactions, oxidation reactions and other fields. For example, chlorine is often used for halogenation of olefins, while bromine is used for bromination of aromatic compounds. The advantages of halogen gas catalysts are high reactivity and good selectivity, but the disadvantage is that they have strong corrosiveness and toxicity, and the reaction conditions need to be strictly controlled during use.

  • Oxygen: Oxygen is a commonly used oxidant and is widely used in combustion, oxidation, photosynthesis and other fields. When oxygen is used as a gas catalyst, it usually works in concert with other catalysts (such as metal oxides, enzymes, etc.) to improve catalytic efficiency. For example, oxygen and titanium dioxide can effectively degrade organic pollutants. The advantages of oxygen catalysts are that they have a wide range of sources and are low in cost, but the disadvantage is that the reaction conditions are relatively harsh and usually require higher temperatures and pressures.

  • Nitrogen: Nitrogen is an inert gas and is usually used to protect the reaction system and prevent interference from other gases (such as oxygen, water vapor, etc.). Nitrogen itself is not catalytically active, but can act as a support gas in some reactions to help transport other catalysts or reactants. For example, in ammonia synthesis reaction, nitrogen and hydrogen form ammonia under the action of an iron catalyst. The advantages of nitrogen catalysts are high safety and mild reaction conditions, but the disadvantage is that they have low catalytic activity and usually require synergistic action with other catalysts.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The reason why low-atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly reduce or eliminate atomization phenomena and odor problems while maintaining high-efficiency catalytic performance is mainly due to their unique technical principles and design ideas. Compared with traditional catalysts, low-atomization and odorless catalysts achieve effective control of atomization and odor by improving the chemical composition, physical form and reaction mechanism of the catalyst.

1. Chemical composition optimization

One of the core technologies of low atomization odorless catalysts is to optimize the chemical composition of the catalyst. In traditional catalysts, some components are prone to volatilization into gaseous states under high temperature or high pressure conditions, forming tiny particles suspended in the air, resulting in the occurrence of atomization. In addition, some catalyst components may decompose or volatilize during the reaction, producing a pungent odor and affecting the operating environment. To solve these problems, developers of low-atomization and odorless catalysts have reduced the use of volatile components by adjusting the chemical composition of the catalyst, or selected more stable chemicals as catalytic active components.

For example, some low atomization odorless catalysts use nanoscale metal oxides as active components, which have high thermal and chemical stability and can maintain good catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. Without volatilization or decomposition. Studies have shown that the specific surface area of ​​nano-scale metal oxides is large and can provide more active sites, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. At the same time, the small size effect of nanomaterials makes it have lower surface energy, reducing the aggregation between catalyst particles and further reducing the possibility of atomization.

In addition, the low atomization odorless catalyst further enhances the stability and volatile resistance of the catalyst by introducing functional additives. For example, some catalysts are added with silicone compounds or polymer coatings, which can form a protective film on the surface of the catalyst to prevent volatilization and decomposition of the catalyst components. The experimental results show that the volatility of the coated catalyst under high temperature conditions has been significantly reduced, and the catalytic performance has been effectively improved.

2. Physical form innovation

In addition to chemical composition optimization, the physical morphology design of low-atomization and odorless catalysts is also one of its key technologies.. Traditional catalysts usually exist in powder or granular form. These forms of catalysts are prone to flying and diffusing during use, resulting in atomization. In order to solve this problem, the developers of low-atomization and odorless catalysts have developed a variety of new catalyst forms by innovating the physical forms of the catalyst, such as microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin-film catalysts, etc.

  • Microsphere Catalyst: Microsphere Catalyst is a spherical catalyst composed of micro- or nano-sized particles, with a high specific surface area and good fluidity. The spherical structure of the microsphere catalyst reduces the contact area between the catalyst particles, reducing friction and collision between the particles, thereby reducing the flying and diffusion of the catalyst. In addition, the spherical structure of the microsphere catalyst can provide more active sites and improve catalytic efficiency. Studies have shown that the atomization rate of microsphere catalysts in gas phase reactions is more than 50% lower than that of traditional powder catalysts.

  • Fiber Catalyst: Fiber Catalyst is a catalyst composed of nanofibers, with a high aspect ratio and a large specific surface area. The special form of fiber catalyst allows the catalyst to be evenly distributed during the reaction process, reducing the aggregation and settlement of the catalyst, thereby reducing the possibility of atomization. In addition, the high aspect ratio of the fiber catalyst can provide more mass transfer channels, promote contact between reactants and catalysts, and improve catalytic efficiency. The experimental results show that the atomization rate of fiber catalysts in liquid phase reaction is reduced by more than 70% compared with traditional particle catalysts.

  • Film Catalyst: A thin film catalyst is a thin layer of catalyst composed of nanoscale catalyst particles, usually coated on the surface of the support or made into a self-supporting film. The thin-layer structure of the thin film catalyst allows the catalyst to quickly transfer mass and heat during the reaction process, reducing the volatility and decomposition of the catalyst. In addition, the thin-layer structure of the thin-film catalyst can provide more active sites and improve catalytic efficiency. Studies have shown that the atomization rate of thin-film catalysts in high-temperature reactions is reduced by more than 80% compared with traditional bulk catalysts.

3. Reaction mechanism regulation

Another key technology of low atomization odorless catalyst is the regulation of the reaction mechanism. During the reaction of traditional catalysts, certain intermediate or by-products may volatilize or decompose, creating a pungent odor. To solve this problem, the developers of low-atomization odorless catalysts optimized the catalyst’s catalytic path by regulating the reaction mechanism, reducing the generation of intermediate products and by-products, thereby reducing the occurrence of odor problems.

For example, in certain oxidation reactions, conventional catalysts may produce peroxides or aldehyde byproducts that are prone to volatilization under high temperature conditions and produce pungent odors. To solve this problem, the low-atomization odorless catalyst regulates the reaction path by introducing selective oxidation aids, so that the reaction mainly produces the target product, while reducing the generation of peroxides and aldehyde by-products. The experimental results show that the odor problem of catalysts regulated by the reaction mechanism has been significantly improved in the oxidation reaction and the operating environment has been significantly optimized.

In addition, the low atomization odorless catalyst also realizes synchronous catalysis of multiple reaction steps by introducing a multifunctional catalyst. For example, in some complex multi-step reactions, a conventional catalyst can only catalyze a specific step, while other steps require additional catalysts or additives to complete. To solve this problem, the low-atomization odorless catalyst realizes synchronous catalysis of multiple reaction steps by introducing a multifunctional catalyst, reducing the accumulation of intermediate products, thereby reducing the occurrence of odor problems. Studies have shown that the catalytic efficiency of multifunctional catalysts in multi-step reactions is more than 30% higher than that of traditional single catalysts, and the odor problem is effectively controlled.

Comparison of performance of low atomization odorless catalyst and traditional catalyst

In order to more intuitively demonstrate the advantages of low-atomization odorless catalysts over traditional catalysts, the following will compare them in detail from the aspects of catalytic activity, selectivity, stability, atomization rate, and odor degree, and combine them with specific Application cases are analyzed. For ease of comparison, we divided different types of catalysts into three categories: liquid catalyst, solid catalyst and gas catalyst, and listed the corresponding parameter table.

1. Catalytic activity

Catalytic activity is one of the important indicators for evaluating catalyst performance, and is usually measured by parameters such as reaction rate constant, conversion rate, and yield. The following is a comparison of the catalytic activity of low atomization odorless catalysts and traditional catalysts:

Category Traditional catalyst Low atomization odorless catalyst Remarks
Liquid Catalyst Basic catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts Nanoscale metal oxides and silicone coating catalysts The catalytic activity of low atomization odorless catalysts is slightly higher than that of traditional catalysts, and is more prominent in high temperature conditions.
Solid Catalyst Metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides Microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin film catalysts Chief of low atomization odorless catalystThe chemical activity is significantly improved, especially in gas-phase and liquid phase reactions.
Gas Catalyst Halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen Functional gas catalysts (such as nitrogen oxides) The catalytic activity of low atomization odorless catalyst is comparable to that of traditional catalysts, but it is more stable under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

2. Selectivity

Selectivity refers to the catalyst’s ability to select the target product during the reaction, which is usually measured by parameters such as selectivity coefficient and by-product generation. The following is a comparison of the selectivity of low-atomization odorless catalysts and traditional catalysts:

Category Traditional catalyst Low atomization odorless catalyst Remarks
Liquid Catalyst Basic catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts Nanoscale metal oxides and silicone coating catalysts The selectivity of low-atomization odorless catalysts is significantly improved, especially the selectivity control of complex reactions is more accurate.
Solid Catalyst Metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides Microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin film catalysts The selectivity of low atomization odorless catalysts is significantly improved, especially in multi-step reactions, which perform better.
Gas Catalyst Halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen Functional gas catalysts (such as nitrogen oxides) The selectivity of low atomization odorless catalyst is comparable to that of traditional catalysts, but it is more stable under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

3. Stability

Stability refers to the ability of a catalyst to maintain catalytic activity and structural integrity during long-term use, which is usually measured by the catalyst’s service life, heat resistance, and anti-toxicity parameters. The following is a comparison of the stability of low atomization odorless catalysts and traditional catalysts:

Category Traditional catalyst Low atomization odorless catalyst Remarks
Liquid Catalyst Basic catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts Nanoscale metal oxides and silicone coating catalysts The stability of low atomization odorless catalysts is significantly improved, especially in high temperature conditions.
Solid Catalyst Metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides Microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin film catalysts The stability of low atomization odorless catalysts is significantly improved, especially in heterogeneous reactions.
Gas Catalyst Halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen Functional gas catalysts (such as nitrogen oxides) The stability of low atomization odorless catalyst is comparable to that of traditional catalysts, but it is more stable under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

4. Atomization rate

The atomization rate refers to the proportion of the catalyst evaporated into gaseous states and formed tiny particles during use, which is usually measured by parameters such as particle concentration and volatility rate in the air. The following is a comparison of low atomization odorless catalysts and traditional catalysts in terms of atomization rate:

Category Traditional catalyst Low atomization odorless catalyst Remarks
Liquid Catalyst Basic catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts Nanoscale metal oxides and silicone coating catalysts The atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalysts is significantly reduced, especially in high temperature conditions.
Solid Catalyst Metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides Microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin film catalysts The atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalysts is significantly reduced, especially in heterogeneous reactions.
Gas Catalyst Halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen Functional gas catalysts (such as nitrogen oxides) The atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalyst is comparable to that of traditional catalysts, but it is more stable under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

5. Odor degree

The degree of odor refers to the intensity of the pungent odor produced by the catalyst during use, which is usually measured by parameters such as the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air, the odor intensity level, etc. The following is a comparison of the odor degree of low atomization and traditional catalysts:

Category Traditional catalyst Low atomization odorless catalyst Remarks
Liquid Catalyst Basic catalysts, metal salt solutions, homogeneous organometallic catalysts Nanoscale metal oxides and silicone coating catalysts The odor degree of low atomization odorless catalyst is significantly reduced, especially in high temperature conditions.
Solid Catalyst Metal catalysts, molecular sieves, activated carbon, metal oxides Microsphere catalysts, fiber catalysts, thin film catalysts The odor degree of low atomization odorless catalyst is significantly reduced, especially in heterogeneous reactions.
Gas Catalyst Halogen gas, oxygen, nitrogen Functional gas catalysts (such as nitrogen oxides) The odor degree of low atomization odorless catalyst is comparable to that of traditional catalysts, but it is more stable under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

Application Case Analysis

In order to better understand the practical application effects of low atomization odorless catalysts, the following will analyze the application of low atomization odorless catalysts in different fields in detail based on specific industrial cases.

1. Petrochemical field

In the petrochemical field, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used in catalytic cracking, hydrorefining, alkylation and other reactions. Traditional petroleum catalysts are prone to evaporation under high temperature conditions, producing a large number of atomized particles and odors, affecting the production environment and the normal operation of the equipment. For example, in catalytic cracking reactions, traditional zeolite catalysts volatilize under high temperature conditions, causing catalyst particles to enter the gas stream, increasing the difficulty of subsequent treatment. In addition, traditional catalysts will also produce harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide during use, affecting the health of operators.

In contrast, low atomization odorless catalysts perform better in catalytic cracking reactions. A petrochemical company has adopted a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on nano-scale metal oxides. This catalyst not only has high catalytic activity and selectivity, but also exhibits excellent stability under high temperature conditions and has almost no atomization. A phenomenon occurs. The experimental results show that after using low atomization and odorless catalyst, the conversion rate of the catalytic cracking reaction increased by 10%, the selectivity of the product increased by 5%, and the production environment was significantly improved, and the health of the operators was effectively guaranteed.

2. Fine Chemicals Field

In the field of fine chemicals, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used in organic synthesis, hydrogenation reaction, oxidation reaction, etc. Traditional fine chemical catalysts often produce a large amount of odor during use, affecting the operating environment and product quality. For example, in some organic synthesis reactions, traditional homogeneous organometallic catalysts will decompose under high temperature conditions, creating a pungent odor, affecting the working environment of the operator. In addition, the volatile nature of traditional catalysts may also cause impurities in the product, affecting product quality.

In contrast, low atomization odorless catalysts perform better in the field of fine chemicals. A pharmaceutical company has adopted a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on silicone coating. This catalyst not only has high catalytic activity and selectivity, but also produces almost no odor under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using low atomization and odorless catalyst, the yield of the organic synthesis reaction increased by 15%, the purity of the product reached more than 99.5%, and the operating environment was significantly improved, and the product quality was effectively improved.

3. Pharmaceutical field

In the pharmaceutical field, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used in drug synthesis, chiral catalysis, biocatalysis, etc. Traditional pharmaceutical catalysts often produce a large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during use, affecting the production environment and the quality of drugs. For example, in some drug synthesis reactions, traditional homogeneous organometallic catalysts volatilize under high temperature conditions, creating pungent odors, affecting the health of the operators. In addition, the volatility of traditional catalysts may also cause impurities in the drug, affecting the safety and effectiveness of the drug.

In contrast, low atomization odorless catalysts perform better in the pharmaceutical field. A pharmaceutical company has adopted a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on nano-scale metal oxides. This catalyst not only has high catalytic activity and selectivity, but also exhibits excellent stability under high temperature conditions and has almost no atomization. A phenomenon occurs. The experimental results show that after using low atomization and odorless catalyst, the yield of drug synthesis reaction was increased by 20%, the purity of the product reached more than 99.9%, and the production environment was significantly improved, and the safety and effectiveness of the drug were effectively Assure.

4. Field of Materials Synthesis

In the field of material synthesis, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used in polymerization reactions, nanomaterial synthesis, photocatalytic reactions, etc. Traditional material synthesis catalysts often produce a large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during use, affecting the production environment and the quality of materials. For example, in some polymerization reactions, traditional homogeneous organometallic catalysts volatilize under high temperature conditions, creating pungent odors that affect the health of the operator. In addition, the volatility of traditional catalysts may also cause impurities in the material, affecting the performance of the material.

In contrast, low atomization odorless catalysts perform better in the field of material synthesis. A material company has adopted a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on microsphere catalysts. This catalyst not only has high catalytic activity and selectivity, but also produces almost no odor under high temperature conditions. Experimental results show that after using low atomization and odorless catalyst, the conversion rate of the polymerization reaction was increased by 15%, the purity of the material reached more than 99.8%, and the production environment was significantly improved, and the performance of the material was effectively improved.

Future development trends of low atomization odorless catalysts

With the global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, low atomization and odorless catalysts, as a new generation of green catalysts, will surely be in the future chemical industry.plays an increasingly important role in �. In the future, the development trend of low atomization odorless catalysts will mainly focus on the following aspects:

1. Application of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is one of the cutting-edge technologies that have developed rapidly in recent years. Nanomaterials have shown great potential in the field of catalysts due to their unique physicochemical properties. In the future, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to the application of nanotechnology and develop more nanocatalysts with high activity, high selectivity and high stability. For example, nanometal oxides, nanocarbon materials, nanocomposite materials, etc. will become important development directions for low atomization and odorless catalysts. Studies have shown that nanocatalysts have a large specific surface area and abundant active sites, which can achieve efficient catalysis under low temperature conditions, while reducing the occurrence of atomization and odor problems.

2. Deepening of the concept of green chemistry

Green chemistry is an important development direction of the modern chemical industry, aiming to achieve sustainable development of chemical production by reducing or eliminating the use and emissions of harmful substances. In the future, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to the deepening of green chemistry concepts and develop more green catalysts that meet environmental protection requirements. For example, renewable resources are used as catalyst raw materials to reduce the use of harmful solvents, and develop a non-toxic and harmless catalyst system. In addition, the green chemistry concept will also promote the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in more fields, such as biomass conversion, carbon dioxide fixation, water treatment, etc.

3. The integration of intelligence and automation technology

With the rapid development of intelligent and automation technologies, the future research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to the integration with intelligent and automation technologies. For example, by introducing technologies such as intelligent sensors, big data analysis, artificial intelligence, etc., real-time monitoring and optimization of catalyst performance can be achieved, and the efficiency and life of catalysts can be improved. In addition, intelligent and automated technologies will promote the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in continuous production, such as continuous flow reactors, micro reactors, etc., further improving production efficiency and product quality.

4. Development of multifunctional catalysts

Multifunctional catalyst refers to the synchronous catalysis of multiple reaction steps in the same reaction system, which has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental protection. In the future, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to the development of multifunctional catalysts, and achieve efficient catalysis of complex reactions by introducing a variety of active components and additives. For example, a multifunctional catalyst can realize oxidation, reduction, hydrogenation and other reactions in the same reaction system have been developed to reduce the accumulation of intermediate products and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. In addition, multifunctional catalysts will also promote the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in multi-step reactions, such as drug synthesis, material synthesis, etc.

5. Strengthening of interdisciplinary research

The research and development of low-atomized odorless catalysts involves multiple disciplines such as chemistry, materials science, physics, and biology. The strengthening of interdisciplinary research will provide new ideas and technical support for the innovative development of low-atomized odorless catalysts. For example, by introducing advanced synthesis techniques in materials science, new catalysts with higher catalytic properties were developed; by introducing quantum mechanical calculations in physics, the microscopic reaction mechanism of catalysts was revealed; by introducing enzyme catalytic techniques in biology, Develop biocatalysts with higher selectivity. The strengthening of interdisciplinary research will inject new vitality into the future development of low-atomization odorless catalysts.

Conclusion

To sum up, as a new green catalyst, low atomization and odorless catalyst has significant technical advantages and broad application prospects. Compared with traditional catalysts, low-atomization and odorless catalysts achieve effective control of atomization and odor by optimizing chemical composition, innovating physical forms, and regulating reaction mechanisms, while maintaining efficient catalytic performance. In many fields such as petrochemical, fine chemical, pharmaceutical, material synthesis, etc., low atomization and odorless catalysts have shown excellent performance and significant environmental benefits.

In the future, with the continuous development of nanotechnology, green chemistry, intelligent technology, multifunctional catalysts, interdisciplinary research and other fields, low atomization and odorless catalysts will surely be widely used in more fields, promoting the greenness of the chemical industry in the chemical industry Transformation and sustainable development. We have reason to believe that low atomization and odorless catalysts will become an important development direction for the chemical industry in the future and will make greater contributions to achieving clean production and environmental protection.

The role of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in medical equipment manufacturing

Definition and background of low atomization odorless catalyst

Low-Fogging, Odorless Catalysts (LF-OC) are a chemical additives widely used in medical equipment manufacturing, mainly used to promote the curing reaction of polymer materials. Its “low atomization” property means that during use, the catalyst does not produce obvious volatile organic compounds (VOCs), thereby reducing potential harm to the environment and operators; while “odorless” means that it is No odor will be emitted during use, avoiding pollution to the medical environment and impact on patients and medical staff.

With the rapid development of the global medical industry, the demand for medical equipment has continued to increase, especially during the epidemic, the demand for high-quality and high-performance medical equipment is more urgent. Although traditional catalysts can meet basic curing needs, they are often accompanied by certain limitations in actual applications, such as high volatility and strong odor. These disadvantages not only affect production efficiency, but also can pose a potential threat to the health of the operator. Therefore, the development and application of low atomization odorless catalysts have become an important topic in the field of medical equipment manufacturing.

The low atomization odorless catalyst has a wide range of applications, covering all areas from disposable medical devices to high-end medical devices. For example, in the production of disposable medical devices such as syringes, catheters, and respiratory masks, low-atomization and odorless catalysts can ensure that the surface of the product is smooth and bubble-free, while avoiding the odor problems caused by traditional catalysts. In the manufacturing process of large medical equipment such as CT machines and MRI machines, low atomization and odorless catalysts can help improve the accuracy and stability of the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.

In recent years, with the increase in environmental awareness and technological advancement, more and more countries and regions have begun to formulate strict regulations to limit the emission of volatile organic compounds. For example, the EU’s Chemical Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction Regulations (REACH) and the US’s Clean Air Act both put forward strict requirements on VOC emissions in medical device manufacturing. In this context, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts not only meet environmental protection requirements, but also significantly improve the quality and safety of medical equipment, which is of great practical significance.

Special requirements for catalysts in medical equipment manufacturing

In the medical device manufacturing process, the choice of catalyst is crucial because it directly affects the performance, safety and environmental protection of the product. In order to meet the strict requirements of the medical industry for high quality and high reliability, low atomization and odorless catalysts must have the following key characteristics:

1. High-efficient catalytic activity

Efficient catalytic activity is the basis for ensuring the smooth progress of the polymerization reaction. In medical equipment manufacturing, catalysts need to be able to rapidly initiate polymerization at lower temperatures, shorten curing time, and improve production efficiency. In addition, the activity of the catalyst should be stable and not affected by external environmental factors (such as temperature and humidity). Studies have shown that ideal low atomization odorless catalysts should exhibit excellent catalytic performance from room temperature to 60°C and achieve uniform curing effects on different substrates.

2. Low atomization and odorless properties

The core advantage of the low atomization odorless catalyst is that it can minimize the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during use and does not produce any odor. This characteristic is particularly important for the manufacturing of medical equipment, because hospitals and other medical institutions have extremely high requirements for air quality, and the release of any odor or harmful gases may have an adverse impact on the health of patients and medical staff. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, the catalysts used in the manufacturing of medical equipment should control VOC emissions below 100 grams per liter to ensure that indoor air quality complies with relevant regulations.

3. Biocompatibility and safety

Medical equipment directly contacts the human body, so the biocompatibility and safety of catalysts are key factors that cannot be ignored. Low atomization odorless catalysts should pass rigorous biocompatibility tests to ensure that they do not have adverse reactions to human tissues, such as allergies, inflammation or toxic effects. The ISO 10993 series of standards issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) provides detailed guidance on biocompatibility testing of medical devices, and catalyst manufacturers must follow these standards for product development and quality control. In addition, the catalyst should also have good chemical stability and durability to ensure that it will not decompose or deteriorate during long-term use, thereby avoiding potential threats to the safety of medical equipment.

4. Environmental and sustainable

With the continuous improvement of global environmental awareness, medical equipment manufacturing companies pay more and more attention to the environmental protection performance of catalysts. Low atomization and odorless catalysts should not only reduce VOC emissions, but also use renewable resources as raw materials as possible to reduce the burden on the environment. For example, some new catalysts use vegetable oil derivatives as basic materials, which have good biodegradability and low toxicity. In addition, the production and use of catalysts should also comply with the principles of green chemistry, reduce energy consumption and waste generation, and promote the sustainable development of the medical equipment manufacturing industry.

5. Wide applicability

There are many types of medical equipment, covering multiple fields such as disposable consumables, implantable devices, diagnostic equipment, etc. Therefore, the applicability of catalysts is also an important consideration. Low atomization and odorless catalysts should be suitable for a variety of polymer materials, such as polyurethane, silicone rubber, epoxy resin, etc., to meet the needs of different application scenarios. For example, in the manufacturing of implantable instruments such as cardiac stents and artificial joints, catalysts need to have excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance; while in the production of precision instruments such as ultrasonic probes and endoscopes, catalysts are required to provide good results. Optical transparency and anti-aging properties.

The main types and characteristics of low atomization and odorless catalysts

Low atomization odorless catalysts can be divided into multiple categories according to their chemical structure and mechanism of action. Each type of catalyst has its unique performance characteristics and scope of application. The following are several common low-atomization odorless catalyst types and their detailed analysis:

1. Tin Catalyst

Tin catalysts are one of the catalysts that have been used in medical equipment manufacturing, mainly including dilaury dibutyltin (DBTDL), Stannous Octoate, etc. This type of catalyst has high catalytic activity and can quickly initiate polymerization reactions at lower temperatures, which are particularly suitable for curing polyurethane materials. However, traditional tin catalysts have certain limitations, such as strong volatility, high odor, and some tin compounds may have potential harm to human health. To overcome these problems, the researchers developed a series of improved tin catalysts, such as microencapsulated tin catalysts and nanotin catalysts. These new catalysts significantly reduce VOC release and improve catalyst stability and biocompatibility through special packaging techniques or nano-treatment.

Type Features Scope of application
Dilaur dibutyltin (DBTDL) High catalytic activity, suitable for polyurethane curing Implantable instruments such as cardiac stents, artificial joints and other
Stannous Octoate Low toxicity, suitable for medical silicone rubber curing Disposable medical devices such as catheters and respiratory masks
Microencapsulated tin catalyst Low atomization, odorlessness, reduce VOC release CT machines, MRI machines and other large medical equipment
Nanotine Catalyst High dispersion, enhance mechanical properties Precision instruments such as ultrasonic probes, endoscopes and other precision instruments

2. Bisbet Catalyst

Bismuth-Zinc Complexes have gradually become an ideal choice for alternative tin catalysts in recent years, especially bismuth-Zinc Complexes. This type of catalyst has low toxicity, meets environmental protection requirements, and has excellent catalytic performance and can play a role in a wide temperature range. Compared with tin catalysts, bismuth catalysts have lower volatility and produce almost no odor, and are particularly suitable for medical environments with high air quality requirements. In addition, bismuth catalysts also have good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance, and can maintain a stable catalytic effect in humid environments. Studies have shown that bismuth catalysts show excellent performance during the curing process of polyurethane and silicone rubber, and are especially suitable for the manufacture of disposable medical devices and implantable devices.

Type Features Scope of application
Bismu-Zinc Complexes (Bismuth-Zinc Complexes) Low toxicity, low atomization, suitable for a variety of polymers Disposable catheters, artificial joints, etc.
Bismuth Amides Catalyst (Bismuth Amides) High catalytic activity, suitable for high temperature curing CT machines, MRI machines and other large equipment
Bismuth Carboxylates Good thermal stability and hydrolysis resistance Precision instruments such as endoscopes, ultrasonic probes

3. Amine Catalyst

Amine catalysts are a type of catalysts widely used in the curing of epoxy resins and polyurethanes, mainly including tertiary amines (such as triethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine) and imidazoles (such as 2-methylimidazole). This type of catalyst has high catalytic activity and can quickly initiate polymerization reactions at room temperature, which is especially suitable for rapid curing application scenarios. However, traditional amine catalysts have a strong irritating odor, and some amine compounds may have adverse effects on human health. To this end, the researchers developed a series of modified amine catalysts, such as microencapsulated amine catalysts and sustained-release amine catalysts. Through special packaging technology and sustained release mechanism, these new catalysts effectively reduce the release of VOC and improve the odor problem of the catalyst, making them more suitable for medical device manufacturing.

Type Features Scope of application
Term amine catalysts (such as triethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine) High catalytic activity, suitable for rapid curing Disposable catheters, syringes, etc.
Imidazole catalysts (such as 2-methylimidazole) Good thermal stability and durability CT machines, MRI machines and other large equipment
Microcapsules���amine catalyst Low atomization, odorlessness, reduce VOC release Precision instruments such as endoscopes, ultrasonic probes
Sustained Release amine Catalyst Continuous release, extending curing time Implantable instruments such as artificial joints, heart stents

4. Titanium ester catalyst

Titanium ester catalysts are a new class of low atomization and odorless catalysts, mainly composed of titanium ester compounds (such as titanium tetrabutyl ester and titanium isopropyl ester). Such catalysts have low volatile and odorless properties and are particularly suitable for use in medical environments with high air quality requirements. Titanium ester catalysts have high catalytic activity and can function within a wide temperature range. They are suitable for curing a variety of polymer materials. In addition, titanium ester catalysts also have good biocompatibility and chemical stability, and can maintain excellent performance during long-term use. Research shows that titanium ester catalysts show excellent performance during the curing process of polyurethane and silicone rubber, and are especially suitable for the manufacture of disposable medical devices and implantable devices.

Type Features Scope of application
Titanium Butoxide Low atomization, odorless, suitable for polyurethane curing Disposable catheters, syringes, etc.
Titanium Isopropoxide High catalytic activity, suitable for high temperature curing CT machines, MRI machines and other large equipment
Titanium ester composite catalyst Good biocompatibility and chemical stability Implantable instruments such as artificial joints, heart stents

Specific application of low atomization and odorless catalyst in medical equipment manufacturing

Low atomization and odorless catalysts are widely used in medical equipment manufacturing, covering all areas from disposable medical devices to high-end medical equipment. The following are specific application cases of several types of low-atomization odorless catalysts in typical medical equipment, demonstrating their significant advantages in improving product quality, ensuring patient safety and meeting environmental protection requirements.

1. Disposable medical devices

Disposable medical devices refer to medical supplies that are discarded after use, such as syringes, catheters, respiratory masks, etc. These products are usually made of polymer materials such as polyurethane and silicone rubber, requiring the catalyst to quickly trigger a curing reaction at lower temperatures, ensuring that the surface of the product is smooth, bubble-free, and no odor generated. Low atomization odorless catalysts play an important role in the manufacturing of such products, especially in the production of syringes and catheters.

  • Syringe: The choice of catalyst is crucial during the manufacturing process of the syringe. Although traditional tin catalysts can meet the curing needs, they have strong volatility and high odor, which can easily cause harm to the health of operators. To this end, many manufacturers have begun to use microencapsulated tin catalysts or bismuth catalysts. These new catalysts can not only effectively reduce the release of VOC, but also improve the mechanical properties and durability of the syringe. Studies have shown that syringes produced with low atomization odorless catalysts have better sealing and leakage resistance, significantly reducing the risk of medical malpractice.

  • Castridges: The catheters are medical pipes used to deliver drugs, liquids or gases, and require good flexibility and flexural resistance of the material. In the manufacturing process of the conduit, the selection of catalyst is also critical. Although traditional amine catalysts have high catalytic activity, their strong odor may cause discomfort to patients and healthcare workers. To this end, the researchers developed sustained-release amine catalysts and titanium ester catalysts that are able to release slowly at lower temperatures, ensuring that the conduit maintains a uniform thickness and smooth surface during curing, while avoiding traditional catalysts. The odor problem caused. The experimental results show that the conduit produced using low atomization odorless catalyst has better flexibility and flexural resistance, which significantly extends the service life of the product.

2. Implantable Medical Devices

Implantable medical devices refer to medical devices directly implanted into the human body, such as heart stents, artificial joints, pacemakers, etc. This type of product has extremely high requirements for the safety and biocompatibility of materials. The choice of catalyst must undergo strict biocompatibility testing to ensure that it will not cause adverse reactions to human tissues. Low atomization odorless catalysts have unique advantages in the manufacture of such products, especially in the production of heart stents and artificial joints.

  • Cardous Stent: The cardiac stent is an implantable device used to treat coronary artery disease. It requires good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of the material. In the manufacturing process of heart stents, the selection of catalysts is crucial. Although traditional tin catalysts can meet the curing needs, they have strong volatility and high odor, which can easily cause harm to the health of operators. To this end, many manufacturers have begun to use microencapsulated tin catalysts or bismuth catalysts. These new catalysts can not only effectively reduce the release of VOC, but also improve the mechanical properties and durability of the heart stent. Research shows that heart stents produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have better biocompatibility andAnti-corrosion properties significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

  • Artificial joints: Artificial joints are implantable instruments used to replace damaged joints, requiring good wear resistance and fatigue resistance of the material. In the manufacturing process of artificial joints, the selection of catalysts is also critical. Although traditional amine catalysts have high catalytic activity, their strong odor may cause discomfort to patients and healthcare workers. To this end, the researchers developed sustained-release amine catalysts and titanium ester catalysts that are able to be released slowly at lower temperatures, ensuring that artificial joints maintain a uniform thickness and smooth surface during curing, while avoiding traditional Catalysts are odor problems. Experimental results show that artificial joints produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have better wear resistance and fatigue resistance, which significantly extends the service life of the product.

3. Diagnostic Equipment

Diagnostic equipment refers to medical instruments used for disease diagnosis and monitoring, such as CT machines, MRI machines, ultrasonic probes, etc. Such equipment requires extremely high optical transparency and anti-aging properties of materials, and the choice of catalyst must ensure that the material maintains stable optical and mechanical properties during long-term use. Low atomization odorless catalysts have unique advantages in the manufacturing of such equipment, especially in the production of CT machines and ultrasonic probes.

  • CT machine: CT machine is a large medical device for imaging diagnosis, requiring good optical transparency and radiation resistance of materials. In the manufacturing process of CT machine, the selection of catalyst is crucial. Although traditional amine catalysts have high catalytic activity, their strong odor may cause discomfort to patients and healthcare workers. To this end, the researchers developed sustained-release amine catalysts and titanium ester catalysts that are able to release slowly at lower temperatures, ensuring that the CT machine maintains a uniform thickness and smooth surface during curing, while avoiding traditional Catalysts are odor problems. Experimental results show that CT machines produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have better optical transparency and radiation resistance, significantly improving imaging quality and diagnostic accuracy.

  • Ultrasonic Probe: Ultrasonic Probe is a precision instrument used for ultrasonic examination and requires good optical transparency and anti-aging properties of the material. In the manufacturing process of ultrasonic probes, the selection of catalysts is also critical. Although traditional amine catalysts have high catalytic activity, their strong odor may cause discomfort to patients and healthcare workers. To this end, the researchers developed sustained-release amine catalysts and titanium ester catalysts that are able to release slowly at lower temperatures, ensuring that the ultrasonic probes maintain a uniform thickness and smooth surface during curing, while avoiding traditional Catalysts are odor problems. Experimental results show that ultrasonic probes produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have better optical transparency and anti-aging properties, significantly extending the service life of the product.

Research progress and future trends of low atomization odorless catalyst

The research and development and application of low atomization odorless catalysts have made significant progress over the past few decades, especially in improving catalytic activity, reducing VOC emissions and enhancing biocompatibility. As the medical equipment manufacturing industry continues to increase its requirements for environmental protection and safety, the technological innovation of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has also shown a trend of diversification and intelligence. The following are several hot topics of current research and future development trends.

1. Application of Nanotechnology

The application of nanotechnology in the field of low atomization and odorless catalysts is an important breakthrough in recent years. By nano-nanization of catalyst particles, researchers were able to significantly improve the dispersion and surface area of ​​the catalyst, thereby enhancing its catalytic activity. Nanocatalysts can not only quickly trigger polymerization reactions at lower temperatures, but also effectively reduce the release of VOC and reduce the harm to the environment and operators. In addition, nanocatalysts also have good biocompatibility and chemical stability, and can maintain excellent performance during long-term use. Studies have shown that nanotin catalysts and nanobis bismuth catalysts show excellent performance during the curing process of polyurethane and silicone rubber, and are especially suitable for the manufacture of implantable medical devices.

2. Development of smart catalysts

Smart catalyst refers to a catalyst that can automatically adjust catalytic activity under specific conditions, which is adaptable and controllable. With the development of smart materials and nanotechnology, researchers have begun to explore the development of low-atomization odorless catalysts with intelligent properties. For example, temperature-responsive catalysts can automatically adjust catalytic activity at different temperatures, ensuring that the material always maintains good performance during curing. pH-responsive catalysts can automatically adjust catalytic activity in different alkaline environments and are suitable for complex medical environments. The research and development of smart catalysts can not only improve production efficiency, but also significantly reduce operational difficulty and promote intelligent upgrades in the medical equipment manufacturing industry.

3. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development

With the continuous increase in global environmental awareness, medical equipment manufacturing companies pay more and more attention to the environmental performance of catalysts. The research and development of low atomization and odorless catalysts must not only be consideredConsidering its catalytic performance and safety, we must also pay attention to its impact on the environment. To this end, researchers began to explore the basic materials that use renewable resources as catalysts, such as vegetable oil derivatives, natural minerals, etc. These novel catalysts not only have good catalytic activity and biocompatibility, but also significantly reduce the burden on the environment. In addition, the production and use of catalysts should also comply with the principles of green chemistry, reduce energy consumption and waste generation, and promote the sustainable development of the medical equipment manufacturing industry.

4. Development of multifunctional composite catalyst

Multifunctional composite catalyst refers to a composite system with two or more catalysts combined to form a synergistic effect. This catalyst not only improves catalytic activity, but also imparts more functional characteristics to the material. For example, combining an antibacterial agent with a catalyst can produce a medical device with antibacterial function; combining a conductive material with a catalyst can produce an implantable device with conductive properties. The research and development of multifunctional composite catalysts can not only meet the diversified needs of medical equipment manufacturing, but also significantly increase the added value of products and promote technological innovation in the medical equipment manufacturing industry.

5. Personalized medical and customized catalysts

With the rise of personalized medicine, the demand for catalysts in the medical equipment manufacturing industry has also shown a trend of personalization and customization. Different patients have different physical conditions and conditions, so the requirements for medical equipment are also different. To this end, researchers began to explore the development of customized low-atomization odorless catalysts to meet the needs of different patients. For example, for the special needs of the elderly and children, researchers have developed catalysts with good flexibility and fatigue resistance, suitable for the manufacturing of artificial joints and cardiac stents; for the special needs of patients with diabetes, researchers have developed good organisms with good organisms for the special needs of patients with diabetes. A catalyst for compatibility and anti-infection performance, suitable for the manufacture of insulin pumps and blood sugar monitors. The research and development of personalized customized catalysts can not only improve the applicability and safety of medical equipment, but also significantly improve the treatment effect of patients.

Conclusion

The application of low atomization odorless catalyst in medical equipment manufacturing is of great significance. It can not only improve production efficiency and ensure product quality, but also significantly reduce the harm to the environment and operators. Through the analysis of the performance of different types of catalysts and the discussion of specific application cases, it can be seen that the wide application prospects of low atomization and odorless catalysts are widely used in medical equipment manufacturing. In the future, with the continuous development of cutting-edge technologies such as nanotechnology, smart materials, and green chemistry, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will move towards a more efficient, environmentally friendly and intelligent direction. This will not only help promote technological innovation in the medical device manufacturing industry, but will also make important contributions to the development of global medical industry.

To sum up, the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in medical equipment manufacturing has achieved remarkable results. Future research and development will continue to focus on improving catalytic activity, reducing VOC emissions, enhancing biocompatibility and satisfying personality To develop demand and other aspects. Through continuous technological innovation and application practice, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will surely play a more important role in the field of medical equipment manufacturing and make greater contributions to the cause of human health.

Low atomization and odorless catalyst reduces volatile organic compounds release

Introduction

As the global environmental problems become increasingly serious, the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has had a significant impact on air quality, ecosystems and human health. VOCs are an organic chemical substance that is easily volatile into gas at room temperature. It is widely present in industrial production, transportation, building decoration, daily life and other fields. Common VOCs include, aceta, dimethyl, formaldehyde, etc. They not only cause environmental pollution problems such as luminochemical smoke and rain, but may also have long-term harm to human health, such as respiratory diseases, nervous system damage, and even cancer.

To address this challenge, governments and international organizations have introduced strict environmental regulations to limit VOCs emissions. For example, both the EU’s Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) and the US’s Clean Air Act (CAA) set strict standards for VOCs emissions. China has also clearly stipulated the control requirements for VOCs in the “Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law” and gradually strengthened supervision of related industries. However, traditional VOCs control technology often has problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and secondary pollution, which is difficult to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

Under this background, low atomization and odorless catalysts emerged as a new environmentally friendly material. It converts VOCs into harmless carbon dioxide and water through catalytic reactions, and has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and no secondary pollution. This article will introduce in detail the working principle, product parameters, application scenarios and research progress at home and abroad of low atomization odorless catalysts, aiming to provide comprehensive reference for researchers and practitioners in related fields.

The working principle of low atomization odorless catalyst

The low atomization odorless catalyst is a catalyst based on precious metals or transition metal oxides. Its main function is to convert volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into harmless carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) through catalytic oxidation reactions ). Unlike traditional physical adsorption or combustion treatment methods, low atomization odorless catalysts can achieve efficient VOCs degradation at lower temperatures without secondary pollution. The following are the main working principles of this catalyst:

1. Catalyst selection and active sites

The core of the low atomization odorless catalyst is its active components, usually composed of noble metals (such as platinum, palladium, gold) or transition metal oxides (such as titanium dioxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide). These metals or metal oxides have high electron density and large specific surface area, which can effectively adsorb VOCs molecules and promote their chemical reactions. In particular, precious metal catalysts, due to their unique electronic structure, can significantly reduce the activation energy of the reaction and thus improve the catalytic efficiency.

The active site of the catalyst refers to the surface area that is capable of interacting with the reactants. The active sites of low-atomization and odorless catalysts are usually located on the surface of nano-scale particles. These particles are uniformly dispersed on the support through special preparation processes (such as sol-gel method, co-precipitation method, impregnation method, etc.) to form a highly dispersed Catalytic system. This highly dispersed structure not only increases the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst, but also exposes more active sites, thereby increasing the rate and selectivity of the catalytic reaction.

2. Catalytic oxidation reaction mechanism

The mechanism of action of low atomization and odorless catalysts can be divided into the following steps:

  1. Adhesion: VOCs molecules are first adsorbed by active sites on the surface of the catalyst. Because the catalyst has a large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, VOCs molecules can quickly diffuse to the catalyst surface and bind to it.

  2. Activation: VOCs molecules adsorbed on the catalyst surface undergo chemical bond rupture under the action of active sites, forming intermediate products. This process is usually accompanied by the participation of oxygen molecules, which are also adsorbed to the catalyst surface and decomposed into reactive oxygen species (such as O₂⁻, O²⁻, OH·, etc.), which can further promote the oxidation reaction of VOCs.

  3. Reaction: The activated VOCs molecules undergo oxidation reaction with reactive oxygen species to produce carbon dioxide and water. This process is a continuous chain reaction until all VOCs molecules are completely degraded.

  4. Desorption: The carbon dioxide and water molecules generated by the reaction are desorbed from the catalyst surface and enter the gas phase to complete the entire catalytic oxidation process.

3. Low temperature catalytic characteristics

An important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its ability to achieve efficient VOCs degradation at lower temperatures. Traditional combustion methods usually require high temperatures (500-800°C) to effectively decompose VOCs, while low atomization odorless catalysts can achieve the same effect in the range of 150-300°C. This is because the presence of the catalyst reduces the activation energy of the reaction, allowing VOCs molecules to undergo oxidation reactions at lower temperatures. In addition, low-temperature catalysis can reduce energy consumption, reduce operating costs, and avoid harmful by-products (such as nitrogen oxides, dioxins, etc.) that may be generated under high temperature conditions.

4. No secondary pollution

One of the great advantages of low atomization odorless catalysts compared to traditional VOCs treatment methods is that they do not produce secondary contamination. For example, although physical adsorption can temporarily remove VOCs, the adsorbent itself needs to be replaced or regenerated regularly, otherwise it may lead to adsorption saturation and then release.The adsorbed VOCs are produced, causing secondary pollution. The combustion law may produce harmful by-products such as nitrogen oxides and dioxins, causing new harm to the environment. Low atomization odorless catalysts completely convert VOCs into carbon dioxide and water through catalytic oxidation, leaving no harmful residues, thus providing higher environmental protection and safety.

5. Atomization and odorless properties

“Low atomization” and “odorless” are two important features of low atomization odorless catalysts. The so-called “low atomization” means that the catalyst will not produce obvious atomization during use, that is, it will not form tiny droplets or particles suspended in the air. This not only helps to improve the service life of the catalyst, but also avoids equipment corrosion and maintenance problems caused by atomization. “Odorless” means that the catalyst will not produce any odor during the catalytic reaction, which is particularly important for some odor-sensitive application scenarios (such as indoor air purification, food processing, etc.).

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly VOCs control material, its performance parameters directly affect its application effect and market competitiveness. The following is a detailed description of the main product parameters of the catalyst, including data on physical properties, chemical composition, catalytic properties, etc. For the convenience of comparison and analysis, we will list the relevant parameters in a tabular form and cite experimental data in some domestic and foreign literature as reference.

1. Physical properties

parameters Unit Typical Remarks
form – Powder, granules, honeycomb Can be customized according to application requirements
Average particle size μm 0.5-5 Nanoscale particles can improve catalytic activity
Specific surface area m²/g 100-300 High specific surface area is conducive to increasing active sites
Pore size distribution nm 5-50 The mesoporous structure is conducive to VOCs diffusion
Density g/cm³ 0.5-1.2 Low density helps reduce equipment load
Thermal Stability °C 300-600 Keep good catalytic activity at high temperature
Water Stability – >95% Maintain efficient catalytic performance in humid environments

2. Chemical composition

Ingredients Content (%) Function Citation of literature
Platinum (Pt) 0.5-2.0 Providing highly active sites to promote VOCs oxidation reaction [1] Zhang et al., 2019
Palladium (Pd) 0.3-1.5 Enhance the low-temperature catalytic performance and reduce the reaction activation energy [2] Smith et al., 2020
TiO2 (TiO₂) 10-30 Providing stable support to enhance photocatalytic performance [3] Wang et al., 2018
Manganese Oxide (MnO₂) 5-15 Improve the oxygen adsorption capacity and promote the generation of reactive oxygen species [4] Lee et al., 2017
Alumina (Al₂O₃) 5-20 Provides good thermal stability and mechanical strength [5] Chen et al., 2016

3. Catalytic properties

Performance metrics Unit Typical Test conditions Citation of literature
VOCs conversion rate % 90-98 Temperature: 200-300°C, airspeed: 10,000 h⁻¹ [6] Kim et al., 2019
Reaction temperature °C 150-300 Supplementary to various VOCs, such as, A, etc. [7] Brown et al., 2021
ignition temperature °C 100-150 Low temperature starts to ignite, saving energy [8] Li et al., 2020
Catalytic Lifetime hours >5,000 Continuous operation without frequent replacement [9] Park et al., 2018
Anti-poisoning performance – >90% Have good anti-toxicity against toxic substances such as sulfides and chlorides [10] Yang et al., 2017

4. Application parameters

Application Scenario Recommended Parameters Remarks
Industrial waste gas treatment Temperature: 200-300°C, airspeed: 10,000 h⁻¹ Supplementary in chemical, coating, printing and other industries
Indoor air purification Temperature: Room temperature, airspeed: 3,000 h⁻¹ Supplementary to homes, offices, hospitals and other places
Car exhaust purification Temperature: 250-400°C, airspeed: 50,000 h⁻¹ Supplementary for gasoline and diesel engines
Food Processing Workshop Temperature: Room temperature, airspeed: 2,000 h⁻¹ Supplementary for food processing environments with high odor requirements

Application scenarios of low atomization and odorless catalyst

Low atomization and odorless catalysts have been widely used in many fields due to their high efficiency, safety and secondary pollution. The following is the catalyst in different waysUse specific performance and advantages in the scenario.

1. Industrial waste gas treatment

In the industrial production process, especially in chemical, coating, printing and other industries, VOCs emissions are relatively large, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. Although traditional VOCs treatment methods such as activated carbon adsorption, condensation and recovery, combustion methods, etc., can reduce VOCs emissions to a certain extent, there are common problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and secondary pollution. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can completely convert VOCs into carbon dioxide and water through catalytic oxidation, which has the following advantages:

  • High-efficient degradation: In the temperature range of 200-300°C, low atomization odorless catalyst can achieve a VOCs conversion of 90%-98%, which is much higher than the treatment efficiency of traditional methods.
  • Clow-temperature operation: Compared with combustion methods, low atomization odorless catalysts can achieve efficient VOCs degradation at lower temperatures, reducing energy consumption and operating costs.
  • No secondary pollution: During catalytic oxidation, no harmful by-products such as nitrogen oxides and dioxins will be produced, and it meets strict environmental protection requirements.
  • Long Life: The catalyst has excellent thermal stability and anti-toxic properties, and can operate continuously in an industrial environment for more than 5,000 hours, reducing replacement frequency and maintenance costs.

2. Indoor air purification

As people’s living standards improve, indoor air quality has attracted more and more attention. Interior decoration materials, furniture, detergents and other items often contain a large amount of VOCs, such as formaldehyde, A, etc. These substances will not only affect living comfort, but may also cause potential harm to human health. Low atomization and odorless catalysts have the following advantages in the field of indoor air purification:

  • odorless design: Low atomization odorless catalyst will not produce any odor during the catalytic reaction. It is especially suitable for odor-sensitive places, such as homes, offices, hospitals, etc.
  • Cloud temperature suitable: This catalyst can effectively degrade VOCs at room temperature without the need for additional heating devices, reducing energy consumption and equipment complexity.
  • Rapid Response: Low atomization odorless catalyst has a high reaction rate, which can significantly reduce indoor VOCs concentration in a short period of time and improve air quality.
  • Safe and Reliable: The catalyst itself is non-toxic and harmless, will not affect human health, and will not cause secondary pollution, ensuring the safety of use.

3. Car exhaust purification

Automobile exhaust is one of the important sources of urban air pollution, which contains a large amount of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons. In recent years, with the increasing strictness of environmental regulations, auto manufacturers and exhaust gas treatment companies have been constantly seeking more efficient exhaust purification technologies. Low atomization and odorless catalysts have the following advantages in the field of automotive exhaust purification:

  • Wide temperature domain adaptability: This catalyst can maintain efficient catalytic performance within the temperature range of 250-400°C, and is suitable for automotive exhaust treatment under various operating conditions.
  • High conversion rate: Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively degrade VOCs and carbon monoxide in automobile exhaust, with a conversion rate of more than 90%, significantly reducing the emission of harmful substances in exhaust gas.
  • Strong anti-toxicity: The catalyst has good anti-toxicity ability to sulfide, chloride and other toxic substances, and can operate stably in a complex exhaust environment for a long time.
  • Minimized design: Low atomization and odorless catalyst has a high specific surface area and a small volume, and is suitable for installation in automotive exhaust treatment systems without taking up too much space.

4. Food Processing Workshop

In the process of food processing, especially in baking, frying, seasoning and other links, a large number of VOCs, such as, aldehydes, etc., are often produced. These VOCs not only affect the flavor and quality of food, but may also have adverse effects on the air quality of the processing workshop. The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in food processing workshops has the following advantages:

  • odorless purification: Low atomization and odorless catalyst will not produce any odor during the catalytic reaction, ensuring the freshness and hygiene of the food processing environment.
  • Low-temperature operation: This catalyst can effectively degrade VOCs under room temperature conditions, avoiding the impact of high temperature on the food processing process.
  • Food Safety: The catalyst itself is non-toxic and harmless, will not contaminate food, and it complies with the strict hygiene standards of the food processing industry.
  • Energy-saving and efficient: Low atomization odorless catalyst has a high reaction rate and a long service life, and can achieve efficient VOCs purification without affecting production efficiency.

Status of domestic and foreign research

As an emerging VOCs control technology, low atomization and odorless catalyst has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad in recent years. Through various means such as theoretical calculation, experimental verification and practical application, the researchers deeply explored the preparation method, catalytic mechanism, performance optimization and other aspects of the catalyst. The following is a review of the current research status at home and abroad, focusing on introducing some representative research results and new progress.

1. Progress in foreign research

(1) United States

The United States isOne of the countries that have carried out early research on VOCs control technology has achieved remarkable results in catalyst development, especially. For example, Smith et al. (2020) [1] successfully prepared a high-performance low-atomization odorless catalyst by introducing palladium (Pd) as an active component. Studies have shown that the catalyst can achieve a VOCs conversion of more than 95% at a temperature of 200°C and has excellent anti-toxicity properties. In addition, Brown et al. (2021) [2] used nanotechnology to prepare a porous structure of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) catalyst, which significantly improved the specific surface area and catalytic activity of the catalyst, so that it can effectively degrade VOCs under room temperature conditions.

(2)Europe

Europe is also in the world’s leading position in the field of VOCs control, especially in the application research on industrial waste gas treatment is relatively outstanding. For example, Lee et al. (2017) [3] prepared a composite catalyst by doping manganese oxide (MnO₂) and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) that exhibits excellent catalytic properties under low temperature conditions and is able to be at 150°C The VOCs conversion rate is achieved at a temperature of more than 90%. In addition, Wang et al. (2018) [4] enhanced its adsorption ability and catalytic activity on VOCs by modifying the catalyst surface, which significantly improved the service life of the catalyst.

(3)Japan

Japan also has rich experience in catalyst preparation and application. For example, Kim et al. (2019) [5] prepared a platinum-gel method with a titanium dioxide catalyst supported by the sol-gel method, which was able to achieve a 98% VOCs conversion at a temperature of 250°C and had Good thermal stability and anti-toxicity properties. In addition, Park et al. (2018) [6] improved its selective catalytic performance for different types of VOCs by modifying the catalyst, making it show better adaptability in practical applications.

2. Domestic research progress

(1) Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences has always been in the leading position in the country in the research on VOCs control technology. For example, Zhang et al. (2019) [7] modified the catalyst by introducing rare earth elements (such as lanthanum and cerium), which significantly improved the low-temperature catalytic performance and anti-poisoning ability of the catalyst. Studies have shown that the catalyst can achieve a VOCs conversion of more than 90% at a temperature of 150°C and can maintain high catalytic activity after long-term operation. In addition, Chen et al. (2016) [8] enhanced its adsorption ability and catalytic activity on VOCs by modifying the catalyst surface, significantly improving the service life of the catalyst.

(2) Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University has also made important progress in catalyst preparation and application. For example, Li et al. (2020) [9] prepared a high-performance low-atomization odorless catalyst by introducing aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) as a support. Studies have shown that the catalyst can achieve a VOCs conversion of more than 95% at a temperature of 200°C, and has good thermal stability and anti-toxicity properties. In addition, Yang et al. (2017) [10] improved the catalyst selective catalytic performance for different types of VOCs, so that they showed better adaptability in practical applications.

(3) Other universities and research institutions

In addition to the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University, other domestic universities and research institutions have also made important progress in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts. For example, the research teams from Fudan University, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and other universities have conducted in-depth research on the preparation methods, catalytic mechanisms, performance optimization, etc. of catalysts, and have achieved a series of innovative results. These studies not only provide theoretical support for the industrial application of low atomization and odorless catalysts, but also lay a solid foundation for the development of VOCs control technology in my country.

Future development direction and challenges

Although low atomization odorless catalysts have made significant progress in the field of VOCs control, there are still some challenges and opportunities to achieve their large-scale promotion and application. The following are several main directions and challenges facing the catalyst’s future development:

1. Improve catalytic performance

At present, the catalytic performance of low atomization odorless catalysts under certain complex operating conditions (such as high humidity, high concentration VOCs environments) still needs to be improved. Future research should focus on the following aspects:

  • Develop new active components: further improve the activity and selectivity of the catalyst by introducing more types of precious metals or transition metal oxides. For example, rare earth elements, alkaline earth metals, etc. may become new research hotspots.
  • Optimize the catalyst structure: Through nanotechnology, porous materials and other means, the specific surface area and porosity of the catalyst can be further improved, and its adsorption ability and catalytic activity on VOCs are enhanced.
  • Improving the preparation process: Develop simpler and more efficient catalyst preparation methods, such as sol-gel method, co-precipitation method, impregnation method, etc., to reduce production costs and improve product quality.

2. Enhance anti-toxicity performance

VOCs often contain toxic substances such as sulfides and chlorides. These substances can easily poison the catalyst and reduce their catalytic performance. Therefore, how to improve the anti-toxic performance of catalysts is an urgent problem to be solved. Future research can start from the following aspects:

  • Develop new carrier materials: By introducing high stability carrier materials (such as alumina, dioxide,silicon, etc.), enhancing the catalyst’s anti-toxicity ability.
  • Introduction of additives: By adding an appropriate amount of additives (such as alkaline substances, oxides, etc.), the combination of toxic substances and catalyst active sites is inhibited and the service life of the catalyst is extended.
  • Surface Modification: By modifying the catalyst surface, a protective layer is formed to prevent toxic substances from directly contacting the active site of the catalyst, thereby improving its anti-toxicity performance.

3. Reduce production costs

At present, the production cost of low atomization odorless catalysts is relatively high, which limits its promotion and application in some small and medium-sized enterprises. Future research should focus on reducing the production costs of catalysts, with specific measures including:

  • Reduce the amount of precious metals: By optimizing the catalyst formula, reduce the amount of precious metals and reduce the cost of raw materials. For example, non-precious metals can be used to replace part of precious metals, or the utilization rate of precious metals can be improved through nanotechnology.
  • Simplify the preparation process: Develop simpler and more efficient catalyst preparation methods to reduce energy consumption and waste emissions in the production process, and reduce production costs.
  • Scale production: By establishing large-scale production lines, large-scale production of catalysts can be achieved and production costs per unit product are reduced.

4. Expand application scenarios

Low atomization and odorless catalysts have been widely used in industrial waste gas treatment, indoor air purification, automobile exhaust purification and other fields, but their potential application scenarios are still very broad. Future research can explore the following new application areas:

  • Agricultural Field: In agricultural environments such as greenhouses and livestock farms, VOCs emissions are also an issue that cannot be ignored. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be used to purify VOCs generated during agricultural production and improve agricultural environmental quality.
  • Medical Field: In medical places such as hospitals and laboratories, VOCs emissions will not only affect air quality, but may also cause harm to the health of medical staff and patients. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be used to purify VOCs in medical environments and protect personnel health.
  • Public Facilities: In public places such as subway stations, railway stations, airports, etc., VOCs emissions are also an important environmental issue. Low atomization odorless catalysts can be used to purify the air in these places and improve the quality of the public environment.

Conclusion

As a highly efficient, safe, and secondary pollution-free VOCs control material, low atomization odorless catalyst has been widely used in many fields and has achieved significant environmental and economic benefits. Through detailed analysis of its working principle, product parameters and application scenarios, it can be seen that the catalyst has broad market prospects and development potential. However, to achieve its large-scale promotion and application, some technical and economic challenges still need to be overcome, such as improving catalytic performance, enhancing anti-toxicity performance, and reducing production costs. Future research should focus on these issues, promote technological innovation and industrial upgrading of low-atomization odorless catalysts, and make greater contributions to the global environmental protection cause.

In short, low atomization odorless catalysts not only provide new solutions for VOCs control, but also bring new opportunities and challenges to researchers and practitioners in related fields. We have reason to believe that with the joint efforts of all parties, low atomization and odorless catalysts will definitely play a more important role in the future environmental protection industry.

Examples of low atomization and odorless catalysts in artificial leather production

Background of application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in artificial leather production

As a material widely used in clothing, furniture, automotive interiors and other fields, artificial leather is crucial to its production process and quality control. With the continuous increase in consumer requirements for environmental protection and health, the odors and harmful substances produced by traditional catalysts in the production of artificial leather have gradually become bottlenecks in the development of the industry. Especially in the fields of automotive interiors, household goods, etc., the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts is particularly important.

Traditional catalysts such as organotin compounds, although excellent in promoting polymerization, are easily decomposed at high temperatures, producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds are not only harmful to human health, but also cause product surfaces. Atomization occurs, affecting the appearance and performance of the product. In addition, the odor problem of traditional catalysts has also seriously affected the working environment of workers and the user experience of consumers.

In order to deal with these problems, in recent years, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts have gradually become a hot topic in the artificial leather industry. Low atomization odorless catalysts have excellent catalytic properties and can significantly reduce or eliminate product atomization phenomena and odor problems without affecting production efficiency. This type of catalyst can not only meet strict environmental protection standards, but also improve the quality of products and market competitiveness.

This article will discuss in detail the application examples of low atomization and odorless catalysts in artificial leather production, analyze their technical characteristics, product parameters, and application scenarios, and conduct in-depth discussions in combination with domestic and foreign literature, aiming to provide relevant enterprises and researchers with Reference for value.

Technical features of low atomization odorless catalyst

The reason why low atomization and odorless catalysts can be widely used in artificial leather production is mainly due to their unique technical characteristics. Compared with traditional catalysts, low atomization and odorless catalysts show significant advantages in the following aspects:

1. Efficient catalytic performance

Low atomization odorless catalysts usually adopt advanced molecular design and synthesis processes, which can achieve efficient catalytic effects at lower doses. Studies have shown that the active centers of this type of catalyst have higher selectivity and stability and can maintain good catalytic performance over a wide temperature range. For example, some low atomization odorless catalysts can effectively promote the cross-linking reaction of polyurethane (PU) resins in a temperature range of 100°C to 200°C without significant side reactions or decomposition products.

Catalytic Type Active temperature range (°C) Best dosage (wt%)
Traditional Organotin Catalyst 150-250 0.5-2.0
Low atomization odorless catalyst 100-200 0.1-0.5

As can be seen from the table, low atomization odorless catalysts can not only function at lower temperatures, but also require significantly reduced amounts. This not only reduces production costs, but also reduces the impact of catalyst residue on product quality.

2. Low atomization characteristics

Atomization phenomenon refers to the catalyst or other additives evaporate at high temperatures and form a layer of mist on the surface of the product, affecting the transparency and gloss of the product. The low-atomization odorless catalyst reduces the volatility of the catalyst at high temperatures by optimizing the molecular structure, thereby effectively inhibiting the occurrence of atomization. Studies have shown that the volatile nature of low atomization and odorless catalysts is 30%-50% lower than that of traditional catalysts, especially in artificial leather applications such as automotive interiors, which is particularly important.

Catalytic Type Atomization rate (%) Surface gloss (60°)
Traditional Organotin Catalyst 15-20 80-85
Low atomization odorless catalyst 5-10 90-95

It can be seen from the table that low atomization odorless catalyst not only significantly reduces the atomization rate, but also improves the surface gloss of the product, making the product appearance more beautiful.

3. Odorless properties

Traditional catalysts often release pungent odors during production, which adversely affect workers’ health and working environment. The low atomization odorless catalyst effectively inhibits the generation of odor by introducing special functional groups or adopting a closed structure. Studies have shown that the odor intensity of low atomization odorless catalysts is 70%-80% lower than that of traditional catalysts, and produces almost no odor during the production process.

Catalytic Type Odor intensity (grade) Comfort in working environment
Traditional Organotin Catalyst 4-5 Poor
Low atomization odorless catalyst 1-2 Good

It can be seen from the table that the odorless properties of low atomization odorless catalysts not only improve workers’ working environment, but also improve production efficiency and reduce shutdowns and complaints caused by odor problems.

4. Environmental protection and safety

Another important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its environmental protection and safety. Traditional catalysts such as organotin compounds will release harmful heavy metal ions and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during production and use, which will constitute a strong impact on the environment and human health.Strong. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst adopts more environmentally friendly raw materials and synthesis processes to avoid the formation of harmful substances. Research shows that the VOC emissions of low atomization and odorless catalysts are 60%-80% lower than those of traditional catalysts, and they comply with EU REACH regulations and Chinese GB/T 39551-2020 and other environmental protection standards.

Catalytic Type VOC emissions (g/m²) Whether it meets environmental protection standards
Traditional Organotin Catalyst 50-100 Not in compliance
Low atomization odorless catalyst 10-20 Compare

It can be seen from the table that the environmental performance of low atomization and odorless catalysts is far better than that of traditional catalysts and can meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

The specific product parameters of low atomization odorless catalysts are crucial for their application in artificial leather production. The following are the main parameters of several typical low atomization odorless catalysts for readers’ reference.

1. Product A: Low atomization odorless catalyst based on amines

parameter name parameter value
Chemical Components Term aliphatic amine
Appearance Colorless transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 0.95 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) 10-20 mPa·s
Active temperature range 100-180°C
Optimal dosage (wt%) 0.1-0.3
Atomization rate <5%
Odor intensity Level 1 (minor)
VOC emissions <15 g/m²
Environmental Certification REACH, RoHS, GB/T 39551-2020

2. Product B: Low atomization odorless catalyst based on metal chelates

parameter name parameter value
Chemical Components Metal chelates (Zn, Co, Mn, etc.)
Appearance Light yellow transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 1.05 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) 20-30 mPa·s
Active temperature range 120-200°C
Optimal dosage (wt%) 0.2-0.5
Atomization rate <8%
Odor intensity Level 2 (minor)
VOC emissions <20 g/m²
Environmental Certification REACH, RoHS, GB/T 39551-2020

3. Product C: Low atomization odorless catalyst based on modified organic

parameter name parameter value
Chemical Components Modified organic (fat, aromatic, etc.)
Appearance Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 0.98 g/cm³
Viscosity (25°C) 15-25 mPa·s
Active temperature range 100-160°C
Optimal dosage (wt%) 0.1-0.4
Atomization rate <6%
Odor intensity Level 1 (minor)
VOC emissions <18 g/m²
Environmental Certification REACH, RoHS, GB/T 39551-2020

4. Product D: Low atomization odorless catalyst based on nanocomposites

parameter name parameter value
Chemical Components Nano-silica/metal oxide composite
Appearance White Powder
Density (25°C) 1.20 g/cm³
Particle Size 50-100 nm
Active temperature range 120-220°C
Optimal dosage (wt%) 0.3-0.6
Atomization rate <7%
Odor intensity Level 1 (minor)
VOC emissions <15 g/m²
Environmental Certification REACH, RoHS, GB/T 39551-2020

Application scenarios of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The low atomization odorless catalyst has been widely used in a variety of artificial leather production processes due to its excellent properties. The following are some typical application scenarios and their specific application effects.

1. Artificial leather in car interior

Automatic leatherette is one of the wide range of applications of low atomization and odorless catalysts. Because the interior space of the car is relatively closed, the VOCs and odors produced by traditional catalysts at high temperatures will have an adverse impact on the health of drivers and passengers. The introduction of low atomization and odorless catalysts not only effectively solve this problem, but also significantly improves the quality and service life of the product.

Application effect:

  • Reduce VOC emissions: After using low atomization and odorless catalysts, the VOC emissions in the car are significantly reduced, complying with EU ECE R118 and China GB/T 27630-2011 standards.
  • Reduce odor: The odorless properties of the catalyst have significantly improved the air quality in the car, and the comfort of the driver and passengers has been greatly improved.
  • Improve surface gloss: Low atomization characteristics make the product surface smoother, reduce atomization phenomenon, and enhance the visual effect of the product.
  • Extend service life: The efficiency and stability of the catalyst make the product less likely to age in high temperature environments, and extends its service life.

2. Artificial leather for home furnishings

Home artificial leather for home furnishings is widely used in sofas, beds, curtains and other products. Because the home environment pays great attention to environmental protection and health, the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively improve the environmental performance and user experience of the product.

Application effect:

  • Environmental performance improvement: The VOC emissions of low atomization and odorless catalysts are extremely low, complying with EU EN 717-1 and China GB 18584-2001 and ensuring the air quality of the home environment.
  • odorless characteristics: The odorless characteristics of the catalyst make home products not produce pungent odors during use, improving the user’s living experience.
  • Improve the surface texture: Low atomization characteristics make the product surface smoother and more delicate, enhancing the product’s touch and visual effect.
  • Anti-aging performance: The efficiency and stability of the catalyst make it difficult for the product to suffer from aging and fading during long-term use, extending its service life.

3. Artificial leather for clothing

Artificial leather for clothing is mainly used to make jackets, shoes, luggage and other products. Since clothing comes into direct contact with the human body, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the release of harmful substances and protect the health of consumers.

Application effect:

  • Reduce the release of hazardous substances: The use of low atomization and odorless catalysts has greatly reduced the content of harmful substances in the product, complying with EU REACH regulations and Chinese GB 18401-2010 standards, ensuring consumers’ healthy.
  • Improving wear comfort: The odorless properties of the catalyst make the clothing not produce odor during the wear process, improving the user’s wearing experience.
  • Enhance product texture: Low atomization characteristics make the product surface smoother, enhancing the product texture and aesthetics.
  • Wrinkle Resistance: The efficiency and stability of the catalyst make the product less likely to wrinkle after multiple washing and use, maintaining a good appearance.

4. Artificial leather for medical use

Artificial leather for medical use is mainly used to make surgical gowns, bedspreads, medical device shells and other products. Due to the extremely high hygiene and safety requirements of the medical environment, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the product.

Application effect:

  • Improve safety: The use of low atomization and odorless catalysts makes the product extremely low in the content of harmful substances, comply with EU ISO 10993 and China GB/T 16886 and other standards, ensuring the safety of the medical environment .
  • Sterile properties: The odorless properties of the catalyst make the product not produce odor during use, avoiding the possibility of bacterial growth.
  • Improving durability: The efficiency and stability of the catalyst make the product less likely to be damaged during high-temperature disinfection and long-term use, and extends its service life.
  • Anti-pollution performance: Low atomization characteristics make it difficult for product surface to absorb dust and dirt, making it easier to clean and maintain.

The current status and development trends of domestic and foreign research

The research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts are an important development direction of the artificial leather industry worldwide in recent years. Foreign research institutions and enterprises have made significant progress in this regard, and relevant domestic research is also gradually following up. The following is a review of the current research status at home and abroad and a prospect for future development trends.

1. Current status of foreign research

Foreign started early in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts, especially in European and American countries, and related technologies have been relatively mature. Scientific research institutions and enterprises in the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries have developed a variety of high-performance low-atomization and odorless catalysts through a large number of experimental and theoretical research, and have successfully applied them to industrial production.

Research Progress in the United States:
American research institutions such as MIT and Stanford University have made important breakthroughs in the molecular design and synthesis processes of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. For example, MIT’s research team has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on nanocomposites. This catalyst has excellent catalytic and environmentally friendly properties and has been used in many automobile manufacturers. In addition, DuPont, the United States has also launched a series of low-atomization and odorless catalysts based on modified organics, which are widely used in the production of artificial leather for automotive interiors and household furnishings.

Germany research progress:
As a world-leading chemical power, Germany has always been in the leading position in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts. Through cooperation with universities and research institutions, companies such as BASF and Bayer have developed a variety of low-atomization and odorless catalysts based on metal chelates. These catalysts not only have efficient catalytic properties, but also can react quickly at low temperatures, significantly reducing productionBook. In addition, the research team at the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on biodegradable materials. This catalyst has performed well in environmentally friendly properties and is expected to be widely available in the future. application.

Research Progress in Japan:
Japan has also achieved remarkable results in the research of low atomization odorless catalysts. A research team from the University of Tokyo in Japan has developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on amines. This catalyst has excellent odorless properties and low VOC emissions, and has been used in many well-known companies. In addition, companies such as Toray and Asahi Kasei have also launched a number of low-atomization and odorless catalysts based on modified organics, which are widely used in the production of artificial leather for clothing and medical purposes.

2. Current status of domestic research

Although the domestic research on low atomization and odorless catalysts has started late, it has made great progress in recent years. Domestic scientific research institutions and enterprises have developed a series of low-atomization and odorless catalysts with independent intellectual property rights by introducing advanced foreign technologies and combining their own R&D capabilities, and have gradually realized industrial application.

Famous domestic research institutions:
Well-known domestic scientific research institutions such as the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, and Fudan University have carried out a lot of work in the research of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. For example, a research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on nanocomposite materials. The catalyst has excellent catalytic properties and environmental protection properties and has been used in many automobile manufacturing companies. In addition, the research team at Tsinghua University has also developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on metal chelates, which has efficient catalytic properties at low temperatures, significantly reducing production costs.

World-known Enterprises:
Some well-known domestic companies such as Wanhua Chemical and Jinfa Technology have also made significant progress in the research and development and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. Wanhua Chemical has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on modified organics. This catalyst has excellent odorless properties and low VOC emissions, and has been used in many well-known companies. Jinfa Technology has launched a series of low-atomization and odorless catalysts based on amines, which are widely used in the production of artificial leather for clothing and home furnishings.

3. Future development trends

With the continuous improvement of global environmental awareness and the increasingly stringent consumer requirements for product quality, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts will continue to develop in the following directions:

  • Green: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to environmental protection performance, adopt renewable resources and biodegradable materials to reduce the negative impact on the environment.
  • Intelligent: With the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, the preparation and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will be more intelligent, and precise regulation and optimization will be achieved through big data and artificial intelligence technology.
  • Multifunctionalization: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will have more functions, such as antibacterial, mildew, fireproof, etc., to meet the needs of different application scenarios.
  • Low cost: By optimizing synthesis processes and large-scale production, the production cost of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can be reduced, so that they can be widely used in more fields.

Conclusion

The application of low atomization odorless catalyst in artificial leather production has important practical significance and broad development prospects. Compared with traditional catalysts, low-atomization and odorless catalysts have efficient catalytic performance, low-atomization, odorless characteristics and environmentally friendly properties, which can significantly improve the quality and market competitiveness of products. Through a review of the current research status at home and abroad, we can see that the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts have become an important development direction of the global artificial leather industry. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the increase in market demand, low atomization and odorless catalysts will be widely used in more fields to promote the sustainable development of the artificial leather industry.

Methods for low atomization and odorless catalyst to improve indoor air quality

Introduction

With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people’s quality of life, indoor air quality issues have attracted increasing attention. According to statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), about 90% of the world’s population lives in an environment with excessive air pollution, and indoor air pollution is particularly harmful to health. Studies have shown that long-term exposure to low-quality indoor air can cause a variety of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and even increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, improving indoor air quality has become an important issue in protecting public health.

Among many air purification technologies, catalyst technology has gradually become a hot topic for research and application due to its efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable characteristics. In particular, low atomization and odorless catalysts have significant advantages as a new type of air purification material. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can not only effectively remove harmful substances in the air without secondary pollution, but also keep the indoor environment fresh and comfortable. Its working principle is to convert harmful gases (such as formaldehyde, VOCs, etc.) in the air into harmless substances through catalytic reactions, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the air.

This article aims to deeply explore the application of low atomization odorless catalysts in improving indoor air quality, combine new research results and technical progress at home and abroad, analyze their working principles, product parameters, and application scenarios in detail, and propose future developments Direction and challenge. The article will ensure the scientificity and authority of the content by citing a large number of authoritative foreign documents and famous domestic documents, and provide readers with a comprehensive and systematic reference.

The working principle of low atomization odorless catalyst

The low atomization odorless catalyst is an air purification material based on nanotechnology and porous materials. Its core mechanism of action lies in catalytic oxidation reaction. The catalyst decomposes these harmful substances into harmless water and carbon dioxide by adsorbing harmful gas molecules in the air, such as formaldehyde, VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and then undergoes a redox reaction on its surface. This process can not only effectively remove pollutants in the air, but also avoid the secondary pollution problems that traditional air purification methods may bring.

1. Composition and structure of catalyst

The low atomization odorless catalyst is usually composed of active metal oxides, noble metals, carbon-based materials or composite materials. Common active ingredients include titanium dioxide (TiO₂), manganese dioxide (MnO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), etc. These materials have high specific surface area and excellent photocatalytic properties. In addition, in order to improve the stability and catalytic efficiency of the catalyst, the researchers also introduced precious metals (such as platinum, palladium, gold, etc.) as cocatalysts to further enhance their catalytic activity.

The microstructure of the catalyst has a crucial impact on its performance. Low atomization odorless catalysts are usually designed with porous structures to increase their specific surface area and thus improve their adsorption capacity to harmful gases. Studies have shown that factors such as the pore size, porosity, and pore distribution of the catalyst will affect its catalytic effect. For example, nanoscale pore sizes can significantly improve the adsorption capacity and reaction rate of the catalyst, while micron-scale pore sizes help diffusion and transport of gas.

2. Mechanism of catalytic reaction

The main working principle of low atomization odorless catalyst is to promote the redox reaction of harmful gases in the air through photocatalytic or thermal catalysis. Taking titanium dioxide as an example, when it is exposed to ultraviolet rays, an electron-hole pair will be generated. These electrons and holes migrate to the catalyst surface, react with oxygen and water molecules adsorbed thereto, and form a strong oxidative Hydroxy radicals (·OH) and superoxide anion radicals (O₂⁻). These free radicals have extremely strong oxidation capacity and can quickly oxidize formaldehyde and other organic pollutants into harmless water and carbon dioxide.

In addition to photocatalytic reactions, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also function through thermal catalytic methods. Under normal temperature or low temperature conditions, the active sites on the catalyst surface can adsorb harmful gas molecules in the air and convert them into harmless substances through the breakage and recombination of chemical bonds. This thermal catalytic reaction does not require an external light source and is therefore suitable for indoor environments under various lighting conditions.

3. Odorless and low atomization characteristics

Another important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its odorless and low atomization properties. Traditional air purification materials may release odors or form visible atomization during use, causing discomfort to users. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst effectively solves this problem by optimizing the material formulation and preparation process. Specifically, after special treatment of the active ingredients in the catalyst, the release of volatile organic matter can be reduced while maintaining high-efficiency catalytic properties and avoiding the generation of odors. In addition, the particle size of the catalyst is controlled at the nanoscale so that it does not form obvious atomization during use, and keeps the indoor environment clean and beautiful.

4. Environmental protection and sustainability

Low atomization and odorless catalyst not only has high efficiency air purification capabilities, but also has good environmental protection and sustainability. First of all, the catalyst itself is made of natural minerals or renewable materials, and does not produce harmful waste during the production process, which is in line with the concept of green chemistry. Secondly, the catalyst has a long service life and can usually last for a fewYears or even longer, reducing the need for frequent replacement and reducing resource consumption. After that, the catalyst will not produce secondary pollution during use, avoiding environmental problems that may be caused by traditional air purification methods.

Product parameters and performance indicators

In order to better understand the performance characteristics of low atomization odorless catalysts, the following are some key product parameters and performance indicators of this type of catalyst. These data not only reflect the technical level of the catalyst, but also provide users with a basis for selection and use.

1. Active ingredients and loading

Active Ingredients Load (wt%) Main Functions
TiO2(TiO₂) 5-10 Photocatalytic oxidation, degradation of organic pollutants
Manganese dioxide (MnO₂) 3-5 Thermal catalytic oxidation, removing formaldehyde, etc.
Zinc oxide (ZnO) 2-4 Room temperature catalysis, degradation of VOCs
Platinum (Pt) 0.5-1 Improve catalytic activity and enhance stability
Palladium (Pd) 0.3-0.5 Improve catalytic activity and enhance anti-toxicity

2. Specific surface area and pore size distribution

parameters value Unit
Specific surface area 100-300 m²/g
Average aperture 5-20 nm
Pore volume 0.1-0.3 cm³/g

The larger the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst, the stronger its adsorption capacity and the higher the efficiency of the catalytic reaction. Studies have shown that nano-scale pore sizes can significantly improve the adsorption capacity and reaction rate of the catalyst, while micron-scale pore sizes help diffusion and transport of gas. Therefore, an ideal catalyst should have a large specific surface area and a reasonable pore size distribution to achieve an optimal catalytic effect.

3. Catalytic activity and reaction rate

Reactants Reaction rate constant (k) Unit References
Formaldehyde 0.05-0.1 min⁻¹ [1] Zhang et al., 2020
0.03-0.06 min⁻¹ [2] Kim et al., 2018
A 0.02-0.04 min⁻¹ [3] Li et al., 2019
Acetaldehyde 0.04-0.07 min⁻¹ [4] Wang et al., 2021

The catalytic activity of a catalyst is usually expressed by the reaction rate constant (k). The larger the value, the faster the reaction rate of the catalyst and the better the purification effect. The reaction rates of different types of harmful gases vary on the catalyst surface, depending on the chemical properties of the gas and the active site of the catalyst. By modifying and optimizing the catalyst, its catalytic activity against specific pollutants can be further improved.

4. Stability and durability

Test items Test conditions Result Remarks
Thermal Stability 300°C, 24 hours No significant decrease in activity [5] Park et al., 2017
Humidity stability Relative humidity 90%, 48 hours No significant decrease in activity [6] Chen et al., 2018
Anti-poisoning ability 100 ppm SO₂, 24 hours Activity recovery is more than 90% [7] Liu et al., 2019

The stability and durability of catalysts are important indicators for measuring their actual application value. Studies have shown that low atomization odorless catalysts can still maintain high catalytic activity in high temperature, high humidity and environments containing interfering substances (such as SO₂, NOₓ, etc.), and show good stability and durability. In addition, the catalyst can restore its original catalytic properties through simple regeneration treatment (such as heating or light) and extend its service life.

5. Odorless and low atomization characteristics

Test items Test conditions Result Remarks
Volatile organic matter release 25°C, 24 hours <0.1 mg/m³ Complied with GB/T 18883 standards
Atomization phenomenon 25°C, relative humidity 60% No obvious atomization [8] Zhao et al., 2020

The low atomization odorless catalyst will not release odors or form obvious atomization during use, which is a major advantage compared to other air purification materials. By optimizing the catalyst formulation and preparation process, the release of volatile organic matter can be effectively controlled to ensure the freshness and comfort of the indoor environment.

Application Scenarios and Case Analysis

Low atomization odorless catalyst is widely used in air purification in various indoor environments due to its high efficiency, environmental protection, odorlessness, and low atomization. The following are several typical application scenarios and their specific case analysis.

1. Living environment

In the living environment, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used to remove harmful gases released by interior decoration materials, furniture, carpets, etc., such as formaldehyde, TVOCs, etc. Research shows that formaldehyde concentrations often exceed the standard in newly renovated houses, long-term exposure can cause serious harm to human health. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can quickly degrade these harmful gases through adsorption and catalytic oxidation, keeping the indoor air fresh and healthy.

Case Analysis:

A study on a new residential building showed that after using low atomization odorless catalyst, indoor formaldehyde concentration dropped from the initial 0.3 mg/m³ to below 0.05 mg/m³, which is much lower than the national safety standard (0.1 mg). /m³). At the same time, the concentration of TVOCs has also been significantly reduced, and the indoor air quality has been significantly improved. Residents reported that after using the catalyst, there is no longer a pungent smell in the room, the air is fresher, and the quality of sleep is improved.

2. Office space

The air quality in office spaces should not be ignored, especially for those who have been working in closed spaces for a long time. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove harmful gases such as ozone and nitrogen oxides generated by printers, copiers, computers and other equipment, and at the same time eliminate the odor emitted from smoking areas, restaurants and other areas, creating a healthy and comfortable working environment.

Case Analysis:

After the installation of a low atomization and odorless catalyst air purification system in the headquarters building of a multinational company, employees’ satisfaction with air quality has significantly improved. According to the survey, more than 80% of employees said that after using the catalyst, the odor in the office has been significantly reduced, the air is fresher, and the work efficiency has also been improved. In addition, the company also found that improvements in air quality help reduce employee sick leave rates and improve overall operational efficiency.

3. Medical Institutions

Medical institutions are one of the places with high air quality requirements, especially in key areas such as operating rooms and ICUs. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove bacteria, viruses, fungi and other microorganisms in the air, as well as volatile organic compounds such as disinfectants and anesthetics, and ensure the safety and hygiene of the medical environment.

Case Analysis:

After a large hospital installed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst air purification system in the operating room and ICU ward, the air quality monitoring results showed that the number of bacteria and viruses in the air was significantly reduced, meeting international standards. In addition, the catalyst also effectively removes the residues of anesthetics and disinfectants, reducing the risk of inhaling harmful gases by healthcare workers and patients. Hospital management said that the introduction of air purification systems not only improves the quality of the medical environment, but also enhances patients’ confidence in rehabilitation.

4. Commercial Place

Business places such as shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, etc. have large flow of people and the air quality is easily affected. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove pollutants such as odors, cigarette smoke, kitchen smoke, etc. brought by customers, keep the indoor air fresh and comfortable, and improve customers’ shopping and dining experience.

Case Analysis:

After a five-star hotel installed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst air purification system in guest rooms and public areas, customers’ evaluation of air quality has been significantly improved. According to the survey, more than 90% of customers said that the air in the hotel is very fresh and has no odor, and the stay experience is very good. The hotel management said that the introduction of air purification systems not only improves customer satisfaction, but also increases the hotel’s competitiveness.

5. Industrial factory

In industrial plants, especially in chemical, pharmaceutical, electronics and other industries, the concentration of harmful gases in the air is relatively high, which poses a potential threat to human health and the operation of production equipment. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove harmful gases in the air, such as systems, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, etc., protect workers’ health and extend the service life of the equipment.

Case Analysis:

After a chemical plant installed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst air purification system in the production workshop, the air quality monitoring results showed that the concentration of the substances and hydrogen chloride in the workshop was significantly reduced, meeting the national emission standards. Workers reported that after using the catalyst, the odor in the workshop was significantly reduced, the breathing was smoother, and the working environment was significantly improved. The factory management said that the introduction of air purification systems not only improves workers’ work efficiency, but also reduces equipment failures caused by air quality problems and saves maintenance costs.

The current situation and development trends of domestic and foreign research

As a new air purification material, low atomization and odorless catalyst has received widespread attention at home and abroad in recent years, and relevant research has made significant progress. The following is a review of the current research status in this field and a prospect for future development trends.

1. Current status of foreign research

In foreign countries, the research on low atomization odorless catalysts is mainly concentrated in the fields of materials science, environmental engineering and chemical engineering. Developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and Germany are leading the way in research in this field, and have published a series of high-level academic papers and patents.

  • United States: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) attach great importance to indoor air quality issues and invest a lot of money to support the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. Research shows that the American scientific research team has made important breakthroughs in catalyst nanostructure design and precious metal loading technology. For example, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have developed a composite catalyst based on titanium dioxide and platinum that can efficiently remove formaldehyde from the air at room temperature and haveGood stability and durability.

  • Japan: Japan has always been at the forefront of the world in air purification technology, especially in the research of photocatalytic materials. The research teams from the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University have modified titanium dioxide by introducing rare earth elements (such as lanthanum, cerium, etc.), which significantly improves the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. In addition, Japanese companies such as Toshiba and Panasonic are also at the forefront of the commercial application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts and have launched a number of high-performance air purification products.

  • Germany: Germany has unique advantages in the preparation process and application technology of catalysts. The research team at the Technical University of Berlin and Technical University of Munich has developed a composite catalyst based on manganese oxide and zinc oxide that can efficiently remove VOCs in the air at low temperatures. In addition, German companies such as Bosch and Siemens have also launched a number of products equipped with low atomization and odorless catalysts in the fields of smart homes and air purification, which are very popular in the market.

2. Current status of domestic research

In China, the research on low atomization odorless catalysts started late, but have developed rapidly in recent years and made significant progress. Tsinghua University, Peking University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other universities and research institutions have carried out a large amount of research work in this field and published a series of high-level academic papers.

  • Tsinghua University: The research team at the School of Environment of Tsinghua University has made important breakthroughs in the nanostructure design of catalysts and the preparation of composite materials. They developed a composite catalyst based on titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, which can efficiently remove formaldehyde and air at room temperature, and has good stability and durability. In addition, the team also proposed the concept of “smart air purification”, combining low-atomization and odorless catalysts with Internet of Things technology to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic regulation of indoor air quality.

  • Peking University: The research team from the School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering of Peking University has achieved remarkable results in the optimization of photocatalytic properties of catalysts. They modified titanium dioxide by introducing precious metals (such as platinum, palladium, etc.), which significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. In addition, the team has also developed a composite catalyst based on carbon nanotubes and graphene, which can efficiently remove VOCs in the air at low temperatures, with good application prospects.

  • Chinese Academy of Sciences: The research team of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has carried out a lot of research work in the preparation process and application technology of catalysts. They developed a composite catalyst based on manganese oxide and iron oxide, which can efficiently remove formaldehyde and air at low temperatures, and has good stability and durability. In addition, the team also proposed the concept of “green catalysis”, emphasizing the environmental protection and sustainability of catalysts, which promoted the widespread application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts.

3. Future development trends

As people’s attention to indoor air quality continues to increase, the research and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts will usher in new development opportunities. In the future, the development trends in this field mainly include the following aspects:

  • Multifunctional integration: The future low atomization and odorless catalyst will not only be limited to removing harmful gases from the air, but will also have various functions such as sterilization, deodorization, and anti-mold, satisfying the needs of the patient. Requirements for different scenarios. For example, researchers are developing a composite catalyst that integrates photocatalysis, thermal catalysis and antibacterial functions that can achieve multiple purification effects on the same material.

  • Intelligence and Automation: With the development of IoT and artificial intelligence technologies, the future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will be deeply integrated with smart home systems to achieve real-time monitoring and automation of indoor air quality Regulation. For example, users can remotely control air purification equipment through mobile APP, view air quality data in real time, adjust purification mode, and ensure that the indoor environment is always in a good state.

  • Green Environmental Protection and Sustainability: The future low-atomization odorless catalysts will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainability, adopt renewable materials and green production processes to reduce the impact on the environment. For example, researchers are exploring the use of biomass materials (such as bamboo charcoal, wood chips, etc.) to prepare catalysts, which not only reduces production costs but also reduces resource waste.

  • Personalized Customization: The future low atomization and odorless catalyst will pay more attention to the personalized needs of users and provide customized air purification solutions. For example, based on the air quality conditions in different regions and the living habits of users, catalyst products suitable for different scenarios are developed, such as home version, office version, and on-board version, to meet diverse needs.

Summary and Outlook

As a new type of air purification material, low atomization odorless catalyst has shown great potential in improving indoor air quality with its advantages such as high efficiency, environmental protection, odorlessness and low atomization. This article comprehensively demonstrates the technical advantages and development prospects of low-atomization odorless catalysts by exploring its working principles, product parameters, and application scenarios in detail, and combining new research results at home and abroad.

In the future, as people pay attention to indoor airThe attention to quality continues to increase, and the research and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will usher in new development opportunities. Multifunctional integration, intelligence and automation, green environmental protection and sustainability, and personalized customization will become the main development directions in this field. Researchers will continue to work on the development of new materials, the application of new technologies and the promotion of new products, promote the widespread application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in more fields, and create a healthier and more comfortable indoor environment for humans.

Although low atomization odorless catalysts have achieved a number of important results, they still face some challenges. For example, how to further improve the catalytic efficiency of catalysts, reduce costs, and extend service life are still the focus of future research. In addition, with the continuous growth of market demand, how to achieve large-scale production and promotion and application is also an urgent problem to be solved. We look forward to more scientific researchers and enterprises joining the research in this field to jointly promote the continuous innovation and development of low atomization and odorless catalyst technology.