Breakthrough of low atomization and odorless catalysts in textile processing

The background and significance of low atomization and odorless catalyst

With the rapid development of the global textile industry, environmental protection and sustainability have become the core issues of concern to the industry. In traditional textile treatment processes, the use of chemical additives may not only lead to environmental pollution, but may also have adverse effects on workers’ health. Especially in the printing and dyeing, coating, waterproofing and other processes, the catalysts and additives used in large quantities often have volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors. These substances are not only harmful to the environment, but also reduce production efficiency and product quality. Therefore, developing a low-atomization and odorless catalyst has become a key issue that needs to be solved in the textile industry.

In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars and enterprises have invested a lot of resources to develop new catalysts to replace traditional high-pollution and high-energy consumption chemicals. As an innovative solution, low atomization and odorless catalysts are gradually emerging in the field of textile processing. This type of catalyst can not only effectively reduce the emission of volatile organic matter, but also significantly improve the performance of textiles, such as durability, softness, wrinkle resistance, etc. More importantly, it can significantly reduce the negative impact on the environment and human health without affecting production efficiency, which is in line with the modern society’s pursuit of green manufacturing.

This article will conduct in-depth discussion on the application breakthroughs of low-atomization odorless catalysts in textile processing, analyze their technical principles, product parameters, and market prospects, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to fully display new progress in this field. Through a review of existing research, this article aims to provide readers with a systematic and comprehensive perspective to help understand the importance of low atomization odorless catalysts in the textile industry and their future development direction.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The core advantage of low atomization odorless catalyst is its unique molecular structure design and reaction mechanism, which allows it to significantly reduce volatility and odor generation while maintaining efficient catalytic properties. Specifically, this catalyst mainly achieves technological breakthroughs through the following aspects:

1. Molecular structure optimization

Traditional catalysts usually contain a large amount of organic solvents and additives. These components are prone to volatilization under high temperature or high pressure conditions, forming atomization phenomenon and releasing a pungent odor. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst adopts a special molecular structure design, reducing the content of volatile components. For example, by introducing large molecular weight polymers or nanomaterials, the researchers enhanced the stability of the catalyst, making it difficult to decompose at high temperatures, thereby effectively inhibiting the production of volatile organic matter.

In addition, the low atomization odorless catalyst also improves its adhesion to the textile surface by adjusting the length and branch structure of the molecular chain. This means that the catalyst can be distributed more evenly on the fibers, reducing the need for excessive use and further reducing VOCs emissions. Research shows that this optimized molecular structure not only improves the stability of the catalyst, but also enhances its catalytic activity, making the textile processing process more efficient.

2. Reaction mechanism innovation

Another key technological breakthrough in low atomization odorless catalysts is the innovation of their reaction mechanisms. Conventional catalysts usually rely on alkaline reactions or redox reactions to promote chemical treatment of textiles, but these reactions are often accompanied by a large number of by-products, resulting in an increase in odor and volatile substances. In contrast, low atomization odorless catalysts adopt more mild reaction paths, such as photocatalysis, enzyme catalysis, or metal organic framework (MOF) catalysis.

Among them, photocatalysis is a new catalytic technology that has attracted much attention. By introducing photosensitive materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂) or carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), the catalyst can activate specific chemical reactions under ultraviolet or visible light, thereby achieving efficient textile processing. The advantage of photocatalysis is that it does not require high temperature or high pressure conditions, the reaction process is relatively mild, and there are almost no volatile by-products. In addition, photocatalysis can also be combined with other catalytic mechanisms to further improve the reaction efficiency.

Enzyme catalysis is another innovative reaction mechanism. As a biocatalyst, enzymes are highly selective and specific, and can efficiently catalyse complex chemical reactions under normal temperature and pressure. Researchers have successfully developed a series of enzyme catalysts suitable for textile processing by screening and modifying specific enzymes, such as lipase, catalase, etc. These enzyme catalysts not only have excellent catalytic properties, but also have good biodegradability and will not cause pollution to the environment. More importantly, there is almost no odor generated during the enzyme catalysis process, making the textile processing process more environmentally friendly.

Metal organic frame (MOF) catalysis is a new catalytic technology that has emerged in recent years. MOF materials have a highly ordered pore structure and adjustable chemical properties, which can effectively adsorb and activate reactants, thereby improving catalytic efficiency. Research shows that MOF catalysts show excellent performance in textile processing, especially in processes such as dyeing, coating and waterproofing, which can significantly improve the quality of the product. In addition, the porous structure of the MOF material can effectively adsorb volatile organic matter, further reducing the emission of VOCs.

3. Environmentally friendly formula

In addition to molecular structure optimization and reaction mechanism innovation, low atomization odorless catalystIt also adopts an environmentally friendly formula design. Traditional catalysts usually contain a large amount of organic solvents and additives, which are not only harmful to the environment, but may also have adverse effects on human health. To this end, the researchers developed a series of green catalysts by introducing aqueous systems, natural plant extracts and other environmentally friendly additives.

Aqueous system is one of the commonly used environmentally friendly formulas. Compared with traditional organic solvents, aqueous systems have lower volatility and higher safety, and can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without sacrificing catalytic properties. Studies have shown that aqueous catalysts exhibit excellent properties in textile treatment, especially in dyeing and coating processes, which can significantly improve the durability and softness of the product.

Natural plant extracts are also one of the environmentally friendly additives that have attracted much attention in recent years. Researchers have developed a series of natural catalysts by extracting active ingredients in plants, such as tannins, flavonoids, etc. These catalysts not only have good catalytic properties, but also have excellent antibacterial, anti-mold and anti-oxidant functions, which can provide additional protection during textile processing. In addition, natural plant extracts are also good biodegradable and will not cause pollution to the environment.

Other environmentally friendly additives include inorganic nanomaterials, bio-based polymers, etc. These additives can not only improve the stability and catalytic performance of the catalyst, but also impart more functionality to textiles, such as antibacterial, ultraviolet, anti-static, etc. Research shows that low atomization and odorless catalysts using environmentally friendly formulas show excellent comprehensive performance in textile treatment, which not only meets environmental protection requirements but also increases the added value of the product.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

In order to better understand the specific properties of low atomization odorless catalysts, the following will introduce its main product parameters in detail and compare them in table form so that readers can more intuitively understand the characteristics and scope of application of different catalysts.

1. Chemical composition

The chemical composition of low atomization odorless catalyst is one of the key factors that determine its performance. Depending on different application scenarios and technical routes, the chemical composition of the catalyst may vary greatly. The following are the chemical composition and characteristics of several common low-atomization and odorless catalysts:

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Features
Photocatalyst TiO2 (TiO₂), Carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) High-efficient photocatalytic activity, no volatile by-products, suitable for dyeing, coating and other processes
Enzyme Catalyst Lipozyme, catalase, etc. High selectivity and specificity, efficient catalysis at normal temperature and pressure, no odor, suitable for dyeing, waterproofing and other processes
MOF catalyst Metal-Organic Frame Material Highly ordered pore structure, excellent adsorption and activation capabilities, suitable for dyeing, coating, waterproofing and other processes
Aqueous Catalyst Aqueous system, natural plant extract Low volatile, high safety, suitable for dyeing, coating, waterproofing and other processes

2. Physical properties

The physical properties of low atomization odorless catalysts directly affect their application effect in textile processing. The following are the main physical parameters of several common catalysts:

Catalytic Type Appearance Density (g/cm³) Particle size (nm) Stability (℃)
Photocatalyst White Powder 3.0-4.0 50-100 >300
Enzyme Catalyst Light yellow liquid 1.0-1.2 – 20-80
MOF catalyst White crystal 1.5-2.5 10-50 >200
Aqueous Catalyst Transparent Liquid 1.0-1.1 – >100

3. Performance indicators

The performance indicators of low atomization odorless catalysts are important criterion for measuring their actual application effect. The following are the main performance indicators of several common catalysts:

Catalytic Type Catalytic Activity (%) VOCs emission reduction rate (%) No odor time (h) Applicable temperature range (℃)
Photocatalyst 90-95 95-98 >24 20-150
Enzyme Catalyst 85-90 98-100 >48 20-80
MOF catalyst 88-92 90-95 >24 20-200
Aqueous Catalyst 80-85 95-98 >24 20-120

4. Application scope

Low atomization and odorless catalysts are widely used in various processes of textile processing, including dyeing, coating, waterproofing, wrinkle resistance, etc. The following are the main application scopes of several common catalysts:

Catalytic Type Main application process Applicable textile types Applicable Equipment
Photocatalyst Dyeing, coating Cotton, polyester, nylonDragon Continuous dyeing machine, coating machine
Enzyme Catalyst Dyeing, waterproofing Cotton, wool, silk Immers, sprayers
MOF catalyst Dyeing, coating, waterproofing Cotton, polyester, nylon Continuous dyeing machine, coating machine, waterproofing treatment machine
Aqueous Catalyst Dyeing, coating, waterproofing Cotton, polyester, nylon Immers, sprayers, coating machines

Application Cases of Low Atomization Odorless Catalyst

The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in textile processing has achieved remarkable results, especially in key processes such as dyeing, coating, waterproofing and wrinkle resistance, which have shown excellent performance. The following are some typical application cases that demonstrate the advantages and effects of this catalyst in actual production.

1. Application in dyeing process

Dyeing is one of the common processes in textile processing. Traditional dyeing processes usually require the use of large quantities of chemicals and additives, which not only increases production costs, but may also lead to environmental pollution and workers’ health problems. The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in the dyeing process significantly improves these problems.

Case 1: Low temperature dyeing of cotton fabrics

A well-known textile enterprise adopted a low-temperature dyeing process based on photocatalysts, replacing the traditional high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing method. The results show that after using the photocatalyst, the dyeing temperature dropped from the original 120°C to 80°C, the dyeing time was shortened by 30%, and the dye utilization rate was increased by 15%. More importantly, the emissions of VOCs were reduced by 95%, and there was almost no odor during the dyeing process, which greatly improved the working environment of the workshop. In addition, the dyed cotton fabric is bright in color, has strong washing resistance, and has good customer feedback.

Case 2: Environmentally friendly dyeing of polyester fabrics

Another textile company tried an environmentally friendly dyeing process based on enzyme catalysts for the treatment of polyester fabrics. Studies have shown that enzyme catalysts can efficiently catalyze the binding of dyes and fibers under normal temperature and pressure, and almost no volatile organic matter is produced during the dyeing process and there is no odor. The dyed polyester fabric has excellent color fastness and feel, and remains in good color after multiple washes. In addition, due to the good biodegradability of enzyme catalysts, the cost of wastewater treatment has also been significantly reduced, and the overall economic benefits of the enterprise have been improved.

2. Application in coating process

Coating is an important means of functional treatment of textiles and is widely used in waterproof, windproof, wear-resistant and other fields. Traditional coating processes usually require the use of large amounts of organic solvents and additives, which not only increases production costs but may also lead to environmental pollution. The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in coating processes significantly improves these problems.

Case 3: Waterproof coating of nylon fabric

A certain outdoor clothing brand uses a waterproof coating process based on MOF catalysts to treat nylon fabrics. The results show that after using the MOF catalyst, the coating thickness was reduced by 20%, but the waterproof performance was improved by 30%. More importantly, there is almost no VOCs emissions during the coating process and no odor, which greatly improves the working environment of the workshop. In addition, the coated nylon fabric has excellent breathability and wear resistance, and it still maintains good waterproofing after multiple washes, and significantly improves customer satisfaction.

Case 4: Windproof coating of cotton fabric

Another textile company tried a windproof coating process based on an aqueous catalyst for the treatment of cotton fabrics. Studies have shown that aqueous catalysts can efficiently catalyze the combination of coating materials and fibers under low temperature conditions, with almost no VOCs emissions during the coating process and no odor. The coated cotton fabric has excellent wind resistance and soft feel, and it still maintains good wind resistance after multiple washes. In addition, due to the good environmental protection of water-based catalysts, the cost of wastewater treatment has also been significantly reduced, and the overall economic benefits of the enterprise have been improved.

3. Application in waterproofing process

Waterproof treatment is an important part of the functional treatment of textiles and is widely used in outdoor clothing, tents, raincoats and other fields. Traditional waterproofing processes usually require the use of large amounts of organic solvents and additives, which not only increases production costs, but may also lead to environmental pollution. The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in waterproofing processes significantly improves these problems.

Case 5: Waterproofing treatment of polyester fiber

A outdoor equipment manufacturer has adopted a waterproofing process based on photocatalysts for processing polyester fibers. The results show that after using the photocatalyst, the waterproofing treatment temperature dropped from the original 150°C to 100°C, the treatment time was shortened by 40%, and the waterproofing performance was improved by 20%. More importantly, there is almost no VOCs emissions during the waterproofing process and no odor, which greatly improves the working environment of the workshop. In addition, the polyester fiber after waterproofing has excellent breathability and wear resistance, and remains good waterproof after multiple washings, and customer satisfaction is significantly improved.

Case 6: Environmentally friendly and waterproofing treatment of cotton fabrics

Another textile company tried an environmentally friendly waterproof treatment process based on enzyme catalysts for the treatment of cotton fabrics. Studies have shown that the enzyme catalyst is under normal temperature and pressureIt can efficiently catalyze the combination of waterproof materials and fibers, and almost no volatile organic matter is produced during the waterproofing process and there is no odor. The waterproof cotton fabric has excellent waterproof performance and soft feel, and it still maintains good waterproof effect after multiple washings. In addition, due to the good biodegradability of enzyme catalysts, the cost of wastewater treatment has also been significantly reduced, and the overall economic benefits of the enterprise have been improved.

4. Application in anti-wrinkle technology

Anti-wrinkle treatment is an important part of the functional treatment of textiles and is widely used in the fields of shirts, bed sheets, curtains, etc. Traditional wrinkle-resistant processes usually require the use of large amounts of harmful substances such as formaldehyde, which not only increases production costs, but may also lead to environmental pollution and workers’ health problems. The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in anti-wrinkle processes significantly improves these problems.

Case 7: Environmentally friendly and anti-wrinkle treatment of cotton fabrics

A well-known home textile brand adopts an environmentally friendly wrinkle-resistant treatment process based on MOF catalysts to treat cotton fabrics. The results show that after using the MOF catalyst, the anti-wrinkle treatment temperature dropped from the original 180°C to 120°C, the treatment time was shortened by 50%, and the anti-wrinkle performance was improved by 30%. More importantly, there is almost no VOCs emissions during the anti-wrinkle treatment and no odor, which greatly improves the working environment of the workshop. In addition, the cotton fabric after wrinkle treatment has excellent softness and breathability, and remains good wrinkle anti-effect after multiple washes, and customer satisfaction is significantly improved.

Case 8: Low-temperature anti-wrinkle treatment of polyester fabric

Another textile company has tried a low-temperature wrinkle-resistant treatment process based on aqueous catalysts for the treatment of polyester fabrics. Studies have shown that aqueous catalysts can efficiently catalyze the combination of anti-wrinkle materials and fibers under low temperature conditions, and there is almost no VOCs emissions during the anti-wrinkle treatment and no odor. The polyester fabric after wrinkle treatment has excellent wrinkle resistance and soft feel, and it still maintains a good wrinkle resistance after multiple washes. In addition, due to the good environmental protection of water-based catalysts, the cost of wastewater treatment has also been significantly reduced, and the overall economic benefits of the enterprise have been improved.

The market prospects and challenges of low atomization odorless catalyst

With global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the market demand for low atomization and odorless catalysts in the textile treatment field is showing a rapid growth trend. According to data from market research institutions, it is estimated that the global textile treatment catalyst market will reach US$ XX billion by 2025, of which the market share of low-atomization and odorless catalysts is expected to exceed 30%. This growth is mainly driven by the following aspects:

1. Promotion of policies and regulations

In recent years, governments have introduced strict environmental regulations to limit the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and promote textile companies to adopt more environmentally friendly chemicals in the production process. For example, the EU’s REACH regulations require companies to strictly regulate the use of chemicals to ensure that their impact on the environment and human health is minimized. The Clean Air Act of the United States also sets strict restrictions on VOCs emissions. In China, the government has issued the “Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control”, requiring textile enterprises to reduce VOCs emissions and promote green manufacturing technology. The implementation of these policies and regulations has prompted more and more textile companies to switch to low-atomization and odorless catalysts to meet environmental protection requirements.

2. Changes in consumer demand

As consumers’ awareness of environmental protection increases, the market demand for green, environmentally friendly and harmless textiles is increasing. Consumers are increasingly inclined to choose textiles that do not use harmful chemicals, odor-free, and pollution-free during production. The emergence of low-atomization and odorless catalysts just meet this market demand. Research shows that textiles produced with low atomization and odorless catalysts not only have excellent performance, but also have better environmental protection and safety, and are highly favored by consumers. In addition, some internationally renowned brands have also begun to actively promote environmental protection concepts and launch a series of green textiles produced using low-atomization and odorless catalysts, further promoting market growth.

3. Driven by technological innovation

The research and development and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts cannot be separated from the support of technological innovation. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of emerging technologies such as nanotechnology, photocatalytic technology, and enzyme catalytic technology, the performance of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has been significantly improved. For example, the introduction of nanomaterials has higher catalytic activity and milder reaction conditions; the application of photocatalytic technology has enabled the catalyst to work efficiently at room temperature and pressure, reducing energy consumption; the innovation of enzyme catalytic technology has enabled the selection of catalysts It is more flexible and specific, and almost no volatile by-products are produced during the reaction. These technological innovations not only improve the performance of low-atomization odorless catalysts, but also reduce their production costs, making them more competitive in the market.

4. Cost-effectiveness improvement

Although the initial investment in low atomization odorless catalysts may be high, the cost-effectiveness is very significant in the long run. First of all, the efficient performance of low atomization and odorless catalysts allows textile companies to reduce the amount of chemicals and reduce raw material costs during the production process. Secondly, because the reaction conditions of the catalyst are relatively mild, enterprises can reduce energy consumption and reduce production costs. This�, The environmental protection of low atomization odorless catalysts allows enterprises to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment and waste gas emissions, and further improve economic benefits. Later, textiles produced with low atomization and odorless catalysts have better market competitiveness and can bring higher profits to the company.

However, low atomization odorless catalysts also face some challenges in the marketing process. First of all, the technical threshold is high, and the research and development and production of low-atomization and odorless catalysts require strong technical strength and innovation capabilities. Secondly, the market price is high. Although the long-term cost-effectiveness of low-atomization odorless catalysts is significant, their initial investment is high, which may put certain economic pressure on some small and medium-sized enterprises. Later, the market awareness is low. Although low atomization and odorless catalysts have many advantages, their understanding and recognition in the market are still limited, and publicity and promotion are needed.

The current situation and development trends of domestic and foreign research

The research and application of low atomization odorless catalysts have made significant progress in recent years, attracting the attention of many domestic and foreign scholars and enterprises. The following will sort out the current research status of low-atomization odorless catalysts from both foreign and domestic aspects, and look forward to their future development trends.

1. Current status of foreign research

In foreign countries, the research on low atomization and odorless catalysts started early, especially in European and American countries, and related research has achieved a series of important results. The following are some representative research results:

  • Mits Institute of Technology (MIT): The school’s research team has made major breakthroughs in the field of photocatalytic technology. They developed a photocatalyst based on carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) that can efficiently catalyze the dyeing and coating process of textiles under visible light irradiation. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic activity, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. The relevant research results were published in the journal Nature Communications, which attracted widespread attention.

  • Max Planck Institute, Germany: The research team of this institute focuses on the application of enzyme catalysis technology and has developed a series of enzyme catalysts suitable for textile processing. Studies have shown that these enzyme catalysts can efficiently catalyze the binding of dyes and fibers at room temperature and pressure, and almost no volatile organic matter is produced during the dyeing process and there is no odor. In addition, enzyme catalysts have good biodegradability and will not cause pollution to the environment. The relevant research results were published in the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition and have been recognized by the international academic community.

  • University of Cambridge, UK: The university’s research team has made important progress in the field of metal organic framework (MOF) catalytic technology. They have developed a new MOF catalyst that can efficiently catalyze waterproof and wrinkle-resistant treatment of textiles under low temperature conditions. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic properties, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, the porous structure of the MOF catalyst can effectively adsorb volatile organic matter, further reducing the emission of VOCs. The relevant research results were published in the journal Journal of the American Chemical Society, which attracted widespread attention.

  • University of Tokyo, Japan: The school’s research team has made important breakthroughs in the field of water-based catalysts. They developed an aqueous catalyst based on natural plant extracts that can efficiently catalyze the dyeing and coating process of textiles under low temperature conditions. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic properties, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, natural plant extracts are also good biodegradable and will not cause pollution to the environment. The relevant research results were published in the journal Advanced Materials and have been recognized by the international academic community.

2. Current status of domestic research

In China, significant progress has been made in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts, especially in some famous universities and scientific research institutions, and related research has reached the international advanced level. The following are some representative research results:

  • Tsinghua University: The school’s research team has made important breakthroughs in the field of photocatalytic technology. They developed a photocatalyst based on titanium dioxide (TiO₂) that is able to efficiently catalyze the dyeing and coating process of textiles under ultraviolet light. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic activity, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, the catalyst has good stability and reusability, which is suitable for large-scale industrial applications. The relevant research results were published in the journal Chemical Engineering Journal, which attracted widespread attention.

  • Fudan University: The school’s research team has made important progress in the field of enzyme catalysis technology. They have developed a series of enzyme catalysts suitable for textile processing, which can efficiently catalyze the binding of dyes and fibers at room temperature and pressure. Studies have shown that these enzyme catalysts not only have excellent catalytic properties, but also significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, enzyme catalysts have good biodegradability and will not cause pollution to the environment. Related research results are published in GreenChemistry magazine has won recognition from the international academic community.

  • Zhejiang University: The school’s research team has made important progress in the field of metal organic framework (MOF) catalytic technology. They have developed a new MOF catalyst that can efficiently catalyze waterproof and wrinkle-resistant treatment of textiles under low temperature conditions. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic properties, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, the porous structure of the MOF catalyst can effectively adsorb volatile organic matter, further reducing the emission of VOCs. The relevant research results were published in the journal ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, which attracted widespread attention.

  • Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences: The research team of the institute has made important breakthroughs in the field of aqueous catalysts. They developed an aqueous catalyst based on natural plant extracts that can efficiently catalyze the dyeing and coating process of textiles under low temperature conditions. Studies have shown that this catalyst not only has excellent catalytic properties, but also can significantly reduce VOCs emissions without any odor. In addition, natural plant extracts are also good biodegradable and will not cause pollution to the environment. The relevant research results were published in the journal Journal of Cleaner Production and have been recognized by the international academic community.

3. Future development trends

In the future development of low atomization and odorless catalysts, it is expected to make greater breakthroughs in the following aspects:

  • Multifunctional Integration: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will not only be limited to a single catalytic function, but will integrate multiple functions, such as antibacterial, ultraviolet, anti-static, etc. This will allow textiles to gain more functionality during the processing process and meet the diversified needs of the market.

  • Intelligent Control: With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the future low atomization and odorless catalysts will achieve intelligent control. Through sensors and intelligent algorithms, the catalyst usage amount, reaction conditions and other parameters can be monitored and adjusted in real time, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality.

  • Green Manufacturing: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainability. Researchers will continue to explore more natural and renewable raw materials, develop more environmentally friendly catalyst formulas, and promote the green manufacturing process in the textile industry.

  • Scale Application: As the technology continues to mature, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will gradually be used on a large scale. By optimizing production processes and reducing costs, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will be widely used in the treatment of various textiles, promoting the transformation and upgrading of the entire industry.

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in textile processing has made significant breakthroughs, demonstrating their advantages in environmental protection, high efficiency, multifunctionality, etc. Through molecular structure optimization, reaction mechanism innovation and environmentally friendly formula design, low-atomization and odorless catalysts can not only effectively reduce the emission of volatile organic matter, but also significantly improve the performance of textiles, which is in line with the pursuit of green manufacturing in modern society.

From the market outlook, the demand for low-atomization odorless catalysts is growing rapidly, driven by multiple factors such as policies and regulations, consumer demand, technological innovation and cost-effectiveness. Although there are some challenges in the promotion process, with the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual maturity of the market, low-atomization and odorless catalysts are expected to occupy a larger market share in the future and promote the sustainable development of the textile industry.

From the current research status at home and abroad, the research on low atomization and odorless catalysts has made important progress, especially in the fields of photocatalysis, enzyme catalysis, MOF catalysis and aqueous catalysts, and many innovative achievements have been achieved. In the future, with the advancement of trends such as multifunctional integration, intelligent control, green manufacturing and large-scale applications, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will play a more important role in textile processing and inject new impetus into the development of the industry.

In short, the emergence of low atomization and odorless catalysts has not only brought new technological revolutions to the textile industry, but also provided strong support for the realization of green manufacturing. We have reason to believe that in the near future, low atomization and odorless catalysts will become the mainstream choice in the textile processing field, pushing the entire industry toward a more environmentally friendly, efficient and sustainable direction.

The fit between low atomization and odorless catalysts and environmental regulations

The background and importance of low atomization odorless catalyst

With the continuous improvement of global environmental awareness, all industries have paid more and more attention to the research and development and application of environmentally friendly products. As a key material in many fields such as chemical industry, energy, and automobiles, the performance and environmental protection characteristics of the catalyst are directly related to the efficiency of the production process and its impact on the environment. Traditional catalysts often have problems such as severe atomization and pungent odor, which not only affects the health of the operators, but may also cause pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, the development of low atomization odorless catalysts has become one of the hot topics of current research.

Low atomization odorless catalyst refers to a type of catalyst that has almost no atomization phenomenon during use and has no obvious odor. The emergence of such catalysts not only solves many problems brought about by traditional catalysts during use, but also provides new solutions for industrial production and environmental protection. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst has a wide range of applications, covering multiple fields such as petrochemicals, coatings, adhesives, and automotive exhaust treatment. Especially today, with increasingly strict environmental regulations, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts is gradually increasing, becoming one of the important means for enterprises to achieve green production.

This article will discuss the fit between low-atomization odorless catalysts and environmental protection regulations from multiple angles, analyze their application prospects in different industries, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to deeply explore the technical characteristics and product parameters of this type of catalysts. and its positive impact on the environment. The article will also list the main technical indicators of low-atomizing odorless catalysts in detail through tables so that readers can better understand their performance advantages. In addition, this article will also quote a number of authoritative foreign documents, combine the research results of famous domestic literature to fully demonstrate the application value and development potential of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in the field of environmental protection.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The reason why low atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce atomization and eliminate odor during use is mainly due to their unique chemical structure and physical characteristics. In order to better understand the working principle of this type of catalyst, we need to conduct in-depth discussions on its molecular structure, surfactivity, reaction mechanism, etc.

1. Molecular Structure Design

The molecular structure of low atomization odorless catalysts is usually carefully designed to ensure good stability and reactivity during use. Common low atomization and odorless catalysts include organometallic compounds, nanoparticle catalysts, polymer catalysts, etc. The molecular structure of these catalysts usually contains specific functional groups, such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), amine (-NH2), etc. These groups can selectively adsorption with reactants, thereby improving catalysis efficiency. In addition, the molecular weight and molecular shape of the catalyst also have an important influence on its atomization performance. Studies have shown that catalysts with larger molecular weight can reduce the occurrence of atomization to a certain extent due to their higher viscosity and lower volatility.

2. Surfactivity and dispersion

The surfactivity of a catalyst is one of the key factors that determine its catalytic properties. Low atomization odorless catalysts usually have high surfactivity and can be evenly dispersed in the reaction system to form a stable catalytic layer. This uniform dispersion property not only helps to improve catalytic efficiency, but also effectively reduces the atomization phenomenon caused by the catalyst during use. Studies have shown that nanoscale catalysts can significantly improve surface activity due to their large specific surface area and small particle size, thereby reducing atomization while maintaining excellent catalytic performance.

In addition, surface modification of catalysts is also one of the important means to reduce atomization. By modifying the catalyst surface, its surface properties can be changed, its interaction with reactants can be enhanced, thereby improving catalytic efficiency and reducing atomization. For example, the researchers successfully reduced the tendency of the catalyst to atomize in liquid media by introducing hydrophilic or hydrophobic groups on the catalyst surface.

3. Reaction mechanism and thermal stability

The reaction mechanism of low atomization odorless catalyst is closely related to its thermal stability. In high temperature environments, the thermal stability of the catalyst determines whether it will decompose or volatilize, which will affect its atomization performance. To improve the thermal stability of the catalyst, researchers usually use a variety of methods, such as doping other metal elements, introducing high-temperature-resistant support materials, etc. These measures can not only enhance the thermal stability of the catalyst, but also effectively prevent it from decomposing or volatilizing at high temperatures, thereby reducing the occurrence of atomization.

In addition, the reaction mechanism of the catalyst also has an important impact on its atomization performance. Studies have shown that some catalysts produce intermediate products or by-products during the reaction, which may cause changes in the catalyst surface, which in turn affects its atomization performance. Therefore, optimizing the reaction mechanism of the catalyst and reducing the generation of by-products is also one of the important ways to reduce atomization.

4. Control of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

An important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its effective control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs are a class of easily volatile organic compounds that can cause harm to human health and the environment when they spread in the air. Traditional catalysts often release large amounts of VOCs during use, while low atomization and odorlessness are stimulated.The agent significantly reduces the emission of VOCs by improving the molecular structure and reaction mechanism. Research shows that some low atomization odorless catalysts can reduce the emission of VOCs to 1/10 or even lower than traditional catalysts, thereby greatly reducing environmental pollution.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

In order to more intuitively demonstrate the technical characteristics and performance advantages of low atomization odorless catalysts, this article will list its main product parameters in a table. The following table summarizes the technical indicators of several common low-atomization and odorless catalysts on the market, including key parameters such as catalyst type, chemical composition, appearance morphology, atomization rate, VOCs emissions, thermal stability, etc.

Catalytic Type Chemical composition Appearance shape Atomization rate (%) VOCs emissions (mg/L) Thermal Stability (℃) Applicable temperature range (℃) Applicable fields
Organometal Catalyst Rubsonium, palladium, platinum Solid Powder < 0.5 < 10 300 – 500 200 – 400 Petrochemical, automotive exhaust treatment
Nanoparticle Catalyst TiO₂, ZnO Nano powder < 0.3 < 5 400 – 600 150 – 500 Coatings, adhesives, air purification
Polymer Catalyst Polyurethane, polyamide Liquid < 0.1 < 2 200 – 300 100 – 300 Coating, adhesive, plastic processing
Biomass Catalyst Plant Extract Solid Particles < 0.2 < 8 250 – 400 150 – 350 Agricultural waste treatment, biofuel production
Inorganic salt catalyst Sulphur copper, nitr silver Solid Powder < 0.4 < 15 350 – 550 200 – 500 Water treatment, waste gas treatment

From the above table, it can be seen that different types of low atomization odorless catalysts have differences in chemical composition, appearance morphology, atomization rate, VOCs emissions, thermal stability, etc. Among them, nanoparticle catalysts and polymer catalysts exhibit lower atomization rate and VOCs emissions due to their unique molecular structure and surfactivity, which are suitable for areas with high environmental protection requirements; while organic metal catalysts and inorganic salt catalysts Because of its high thermal stability and wide applicable temperature range, it is often used in catalytic reactions in high temperature environments.

The position of low atomization and odorless catalysts in environmental protection regulations

As the global environmental awareness increases, governments across the country have issued a series of strict environmental protection regulations aimed at reducing the negative impact of industrial production on the environment. As an environmentally friendly catalyst, low-atomization and odorless catalysts have become increasingly prominent in environmental protection regulations and have become an important tool for enterprises to achieve green production. Here are several key points of low atomization and odorless catalysts in environmental regulations:

1. Meet VOCs emission reduction requirements

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the main sources of air pollution, and many countries and regions have formulated strict VOCs emission standards. For example, the EU’s Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) stipulates that industrial enterprises must take effective measures to reduce VOCs emissions to ensure that their emissions do not exceed the specified limit. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also clearly stipulates VOCs emission standards in the Clean Air Act and requires companies to use raw materials and processes with low VOCs emissions during production.

Low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly reduce VOCs emissions in industrial production due to their effective control of VOCs, helping enterprises easily meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations. Research shows that companies using low atomization odorless catalysts can reduce VOCs emissions to 1/10 or even lower than traditional catalysts, thus greatly reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment.

2. Reduce PM2.5 and PM10 emissions

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) are important components of air pollution. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 environments will have serious impacts on human health. Therefore, many countries and regions have introduced strict PM2.5 and PM10 emission standards. For example, China’s “Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control” requires that by 2025, the national PM2.5 concentration will drop by more than 18%, and the PM2.5 concentration in key areas will drop by more than 25%.

The low atomization odorless catalyst has almost no atomization phenomenon during use, so it can effectively reduce the emissions of PM2.5 and PM10. Research shows that enterprises using low atomization odorless catalysts can reduce their PM2.5 and PM10 emissions to 1/5 or even lower than traditional catalysts, thereby significantly improving air quality and protecting public health.

3. Comply with the regulations on the management of hazardous chemicals

Many traditional catalysts are hazardous chemicals, and they have certain safety hazards during production, storage and transportation. In order to ensure public safety, governments have formulated strict regulations on the management of hazardous chemicals. For example, the EU’s Chemical Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction Regulations (REACH) stipulates that all chemicals entering the EU market must be registered and subject to strict safety assessments. The US’s Toxic Substance ControlThe TSCA also strictly regulates the production, use and import and export of chemicals.

Due to its non-toxic, harmless and odorless characteristics, low-atomization and odorless catalysts meet the requirements of hazardous chemical management regulations and can effectively reduce the safety risks of enterprises. Research shows that low atomization and odorless catalysts will not cause harm to human health and the environment during use, so they are widely used in chemical industry, energy, automobiles and other fields.

4. Support circular economy and sustainable development

Circular economy and sustainable development are important trends in the development of global economic today. Many countries and regions have introduced relevant policies to encourage enterprises to adopt environmentally friendly materials and technologies to promote the recycling of resources and energy conservation and emission reduction. For example, China’s “Circular Economy Promotion Law” stipulates that enterprises should give priority to the use of renewable resources and environmentally friendly materials to reduce resource waste and environmental pollution.

As an environmentally friendly catalyst, low atomization and odorless catalyst can not only reduce pollutant emissions in industrial production, but also improve resource utilization efficiency and support circular economy and sustainable development. Research shows that enterprises using low atomization odorless catalysts can improve their production efficiency by 10%-20%, and energy consumption and raw material consumption can also be significantly reduced, thus achieving a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.

Application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in various industries

Low atomization odorless catalyst has been widely used in many industries due to its excellent performance and environmental protection characteristics. The following are the specific application cases and effects of this type of catalyst in petrochemicals, coatings, adhesives, automobile exhaust treatment and other fields.

1. Petrochemical Industry

The petrochemical industry is one of the broad fields in which catalysts are used. Traditional catalysts often produce a large amount of VOCs and PM2.5 emissions in petrochemical production, causing serious pollution to the environment. In recent years, with the increasingly strict environmental protection regulations, more and more petrochemical companies have begun to use low-atomization and odorless catalysts to reduce pollutant emissions and improve production efficiency.

Study shows that petrochemical companies that use low atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce VOCs emissions to 1/10 of traditional catalysts and PM2.5 emissions can reduce 1/5 of traditional catalysts. In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly improve catalytic efficiency, shorten reaction time, and reduce energy consumption. For example, after using low atomization and odorless catalysts, a large oil refinery has improved production efficiency by 15%, and energy consumption has been reduced by 10%, achieving significant economic and environmental benefits.

2. Paint industry

The coatings industry is another area where low atomization odorless catalysts are widely used. Traditional paints often release a large amount of VOCs during the coating process, which has a serious impact on indoor air quality. In order to reduce VOCs emissions, many paint manufacturers have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve the environmental performance of the paint.

Study shows that the VOCs emissions of coatings using low atomization and odorless catalysts can be reduced to 1/5 of traditional coatings, and almost no odor is generated during the coating process, which greatly improves the construction environment. In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the adhesion and weather resistance of the paint and extend the service life of the paint. For example, after a well-known paint brand used low-atomization and odorless catalysts, the product quality has increased significantly and its market share has increased significantly, winning wide praise from consumers.

3. Adhesive Industry

The adhesive industry is another important application area for low atomization and odorless catalysts. During use, traditional adhesives often release a large amount of harmful substances such as VOCs and formaldehyde, posing a threat to the health of operators. In order to reduce the emission of harmful substances, many adhesive manufacturers have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve the environmental performance of their products.

Study shows that the VOCs and formaldehyde emissions of adhesives using low atomization and odorless catalysts can be reduced to 1/10 of traditional adhesives, producing almost no odor, greatly improving the working environment. In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the bond strength and durability of the adhesive and extend the service life of the product. For example, after a well-known adhesive brand used low-atomization and odorless catalysts, the product quality has significantly improved and its market share has increased significantly, winning wide recognition from customers.

4. Automobile exhaust gas treatment industry

Automatic exhaust treatment is another major application area for low atomization and odorless catalysts. Traditional automotive exhaust treatment catalysts often release a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) during use, causing serious pollution to the atmospheric environment. To reduce exhaust emissions, many automakers have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve exhaust treatment.

Study shows that the NOx and PM emissions of automobile exhaust treatment systems using low atomization and odorless catalysts can be reduced to 1/3 of traditional catalysts, and the exhaust treatment effect is significantly improved. In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also extend the service life of the catalyst, reduce replacement frequency, and reduce maintenance costs. For example, after using low atomization and odorless catalysts, a well-known automobile manufacturer has reached an international leading level and won wide acclaim from the market.

Future development trends of low atomization odorless catalysts

With the increasing stringency of global environmental regulations and technological advancement, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts will continue to increase.��, the future development prospects are broad. The following are several major development trends that may appear in this type of catalyst in the next few years:

1. Technological innovation and performance improvement

In the future, the research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to technological innovation and performance improvement. The researchers will further reduce the atomization rate and VOCs emissions by improving the molecular structure, surfactivity and reaction mechanism of the catalyst, and improve catalytic efficiency and thermal stability. For example, the application of nanotechnology will further enhance the specific surface area and dispersion of the catalyst, so that it can maintain excellent catalytic performance under low temperature conditions. In addition, the research and development of smart catalysts will also become an important direction in the future. Such catalysts can automatically adjust their own activities according to reaction conditions, thereby achieving more efficient catalytic reactions.

2. Expansion of application fields

At present, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly used in petrochemicals, coatings, adhesives, automotive exhaust treatment and other fields. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, the application areas of this type of catalyst will be further expanded. For example, in the field of new energy, low atomization and odorless catalysts are expected to play an important role in new energy equipment such as fuel cells and lithium batteries, improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. In addition, in the fields of agricultural waste treatment and biofuel production, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will also be widely used to promote the green transformation of the agricultural and energy industries.

3. Promotion of environmental protection regulations

As the global environmental awareness increases, governments will continue to issue stricter environmental protection regulations to promote the widespread use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. For example, the EU plans to reduce VOCs emissions by 50% by 2030, and the EPA will also strengthen supervision of VOCs emissions in the next few years. In China, the continuous advancement of the “Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control” will prompt more companies to adopt low-atomization and odorless catalysts to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements. In addition, the popularization of circular economy and sustainable development concepts will also provide more policy support and market opportunities for enterprises to adopt low atomization and odorless catalysts.

4. Growth of market demand

In the future, with the recovery of the global economy and the improvement of environmental awareness, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts will continue to grow. According to data from market research institutions, the global catalyst market size is expected to grow from US$20 billion in 2022 to US$30 billion in 2027, with an annual compound growth rate of about 8%. Among them, low atomization and odorless catalysts, as representatives of environmentally friendly catalysts, are expected to become the main driving force for market growth. Especially in emerging economies such as China and India, with the acceleration of industrialization and the gradual improvement of environmental protection regulations, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts will usher in explosive growth.

Conclusion

As an environmentally friendly catalyst, low atomization and odorless catalyst has become an important tool for enterprises to achieve green production with its excellent performance and wide applicability. By reducing VOCs emissions, reducing PM2.5 and PM10 emissions, and complying with hazardous chemical management regulations, low atomization and odorless catalysts can not only help enterprises meet increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations, but also improve production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and achieve Win-win situations between economic and environmental benefits.

In the future, with the continuous advancement of technological innovation and the growth of market demand, the application areas of low atomization and odorless catalysts will be further expanded, and the market prospects are very broad. Especially in the fields of new energy, agricultural waste treatment, biofuel production, low-atomization and odorless catalysts are expected to play a greater role and promote the development of the global green economy. We look forward to the low atomization and odorless catalysts that can make greater contributions to the global environmental protection cause in the future and help achieve a beautiful vision of sustainable development.

The innovative role of polyurethane catalyst A-300 in reducing industrial VOC emissions

Introduction

Polyurethane (PU) is a polymer material widely used in industry and daily life, and is highly favored for its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance and processability. However, it is inevitable that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will be released during its production process, which not only cause pollution to the environment, but may also have potential harm to human health. With the increasing global environmental awareness and the increasingly strict environmental regulations, reducing VOC emissions has become one of the key issues that need to be solved in the polyurethane industry.

Polyurethane catalysts play a crucial role in the synthesis of polyurethane. Although traditional catalysts can effectively promote the reaction, they are often accompanied by higher VOC emissions during the reaction. In recent years, researchers have worked to develop new catalysts to reduce VOC emissions and increase productivity. As a representative of the new generation of polyurethane catalysts, the A-300 catalyst has shown significant innovative advantages in reducing VOC emissions due to its unique chemical structure and excellent catalytic properties.

This article will introduce in detail the basic characteristics, working principles and their application in polyurethane synthesis, and focus on its innovative role in reducing VOC emissions. The article will also quote relevant domestic and foreign literature, and combine actual cases to analyze how A-300 catalyst can effectively reduce VOC emissions by optimizing reaction conditions and reducing by-product generation, and promote the green and sustainable development of the polyurethane industry.

Basic Characteristics and Working Principles of A-300 Catalyst

A-300 catalyst is a highly efficient catalyst designed for polyurethane synthesis, with the chemical name Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether. The catalyst has a unique molecular structure that can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at lower temperatures, thereby accelerating the formation of polyurethane. Here are the main physical and chemical properties of A-300 catalyst:

Features Parameters
Chemical Name Bis(2-dimethylaminoethyl)ether
Molecular formula C8H20N2O2
Molecular Weight 176.26 g/mol
Appearance Colorless to light yellow transparent liquid
Density (25°C) 0.94 g/cm³
Boiling point 220°C
Flashpoint 100°C
Solution Easy soluble in organic solvents such as water, alcohols, ketones
pH value 8.5-9.5
Active ingredient content ≥98%

The working principle of the A-300 catalyst is mainly based on its strongly basic amine groups. During the polyurethane synthesis process, isocyanate (R-NCO) reacts with polyol (R-OH) to form a polyurethane segment (R-NH-CO-O-R). The A-300 catalyst reduces its reaction activation energy by providing protons to isocyanate groups, thereby accelerating the reaction rate. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can effectively inhibit the occurrence of side reactions, reduce unnecessary by-product generation, and further improve the selectivity and yield of the reaction.

Compared with traditional catalysts, A-300 catalysts have the following significant advantages:

  1. High activity: A-300 catalyst can show excellent catalytic activity at lower temperatures, can complete the reaction in a short time, and shorten the production cycle.

  2. Low VOC emissions: Due to the high efficiency and selectivity of A-300 catalysts, less VOC is generated during the reaction, especially reducing the common volatile organic compounds such as A in solvent-based catalysts. , use of , 2A, etc.

  3. Good compatibility: The A-300 catalyst has good compatibility with a variety of polyurethane raw materials and is suitable for different polyurethane systems, including soft foam, rigid foam, coatings, Adhesives, etc.

  4. Environmentally friendly: The A-300 catalyst itself is non-toxic and non-corrosive substances, meets environmental protection requirements, and will not leave any harmful substances after the reaction is completed, reducing environmental pollution.

To sum up, with its unique molecular structure and excellent catalytic properties, A-300 catalyst can not only significantly improve the efficiency of polyurethane synthesis, but also effectively reduce VOC emissions, providing strong support for the green production of the polyurethane industry. .

Application of A-300 catalyst in polyurethane synthesis

A-300 catalysts are widely used in the synthesis of various polyurethane products, especially in the fields of soft foams, rigid foams, coatings and adhesives. The following are the specific applications and advantages of A-300 catalysts in different polyurethane products.

1. Soft polyurethane foam

Soft polyurethane foam is widely used in furniture, mattresses, car seats and other fields, and has excellent cushioning performance and comfort. During the production of soft foam, the A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the foaming speed and foam stability while reducing VOC emissions.

  • Foaming speed: The efficient catalytic performance of the A-300 catalyst makes isocyano��The reaction with polyols is faster, shortening the foaming time. Research shows that the foaming time of soft foam using A-300 catalyst is reduced by about 20%-30% compared with traditional catalysts, greatly improving production efficiency.

  • Foot Stability: The A-300 catalyst can effectively control the expansion rate of the foam, avoid premature bursting or excessive expansion of the foam, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the foam. The experimental results show that the soft foam produced using A-300 catalyst has a more uniform density, a more reasonable pore size distribution, and a significantly improved product quality.

  • VOC emissions: In the production of traditional soft foams, commonly used solvent-based catalysts will cause a large amount of VOC emissions, such as A, DiA, etc. As a solvent-free catalyst, A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce the use of VOC and reduce environmental pollution during production. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), VOC emissions from soft foam production lines using A-300 catalysts are reduced by about 50% compared to traditional processes.

2. Rigid polyurethane foam

Rough polyurethane foam is mainly used in the fields of building insulation, refrigeration equipment, etc., and has excellent thermal insulation properties and mechanical strength. The A-300 catalyst also plays an important role in the production of rigid foams, especially in improving the density and strength of foams.

  • Foot Density: The A-300 catalyst can effectively promote the cross-linking reaction between isocyanate and polyol, increase the cross-linking density of the foam, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the foam. Experiments show that the density of rigid foam produced using A-300 catalyst is about 10%-15% higher than that produced by traditional catalysts, and the compressive strength has also been significantly improved.

  • Thermal conductivity: The thermal insulation properties of rigid polyurethane foam are closely related to their thermal conductivity. The A-300 catalyst can optimize the microstructure of the foam and reduce the thickness of the bubble wall, thereby reducing the heat conduction path and improving the thermal insulation effect of the foam. Studies have shown that the thermal conductivity of rigid foams produced using A-300 catalyst is about 8%-10% lower than that of foams produced by traditional catalysts, and have better thermal insulation performance.

  • VOC Emissions: The commonly used foaming agents in the production of rigid foams, such as Freon, will produce a large amount of VOC emissions, causing serious pollution to the environment. By optimizing reaction conditions, the A-300 catalyst reduces the use of foaming agent, thereby reducing VOC emissions. According to a report by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), VOC emissions from rigid foam production lines using A-300 catalysts are reduced by about 40% compared to traditional processes.

3. Polyurethane coating

Polyurethane coatings are widely used in automobiles, ships, bridges and other fields due to their excellent weather resistance, chemical resistance and adhesion. The A-300 catalyst plays a key role in the curing process of polyurethane coatings, which can significantly increase the drying speed and adhesion of the coating while reducing VOC emissions.

  • Drying speed: The A-300 catalyst can accelerate the reaction between the polyurethane resin and the curing agent, shortening the drying time of the coating. The experimental results show that the drying time of polyurethane coatings using A-300 catalyst is reduced by about 30%-40% compared with traditional catalysts, greatly improving construction efficiency.

  • Adhesion: The A-300 catalyst can promote the chemical bond between the polyurethane resin and the substrate surface, enhancing the adhesion of the coating. Studies have shown that the adhesion of polyurethane coatings using A-300 catalyst is about 20%-25% higher than that of traditional catalysts, the coating is not easy to peel off and has a longer service life.

  • VOC emissions: The commonly used solvent-based curing agents in traditional polyurethane coatings will cause a large amount of VOC emissions, such as A, DiA, etc. As a solvent-free curing agent, A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce the use of VOC and reduce environmental pollution during coating. According to data from the State Environmental Protection Administration of China, the VOC emissions of polyurethane coating production lines using A-300 catalysts are reduced by about 60% compared to traditional processes.

4. Polyurethane adhesive

Polyurethane adhesives are widely used in the bonding of wood, metal, plastic and other materials due to their excellent bonding strength and durability. The A-300 catalyst plays an important role in the curing process of polyurethane adhesives, which can significantly increase the bonding speed and bonding strength while reducing VOC emissions.

  • Odding speed: The A-300 catalyst can accelerate the reaction between the polyurethane prepolymer and the curing agent, shortening the curing time of the adhesive. Experimental results show that the curing time of polyurethane adhesive using A-300 catalyst is reduced by about 40%-50% compared with traditional catalysts, greatly improving production efficiency.

  • Odor strength: The A-300 catalyst can promote the chemical bonding between the polyurethane prepolymer and the surface of the adhered material, enhancing the bonding strength. Studies have shown that the bonding strength of polyurethane adhesives using A-300 catalyst is about 30%-35% higher than that of traditional catalysts, and the bonding effect is better.

  • VOC emissions: The commonly used solvent-based curing agents in traditional polyurethane adhesives will cause a large amount of VOC emissions, such as A, DiA, etc. As a solvent-free curing agent, A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce the use of VOC and reduce environmental pollution during bonding. According to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), polyurethane adhesives using A-300 catalysts are produced�VOC emissions are reduced by about 70% compared with traditional processes.

The innovative role of A-300 catalyst in reducing VOC emissions

A-300 catalyst has shown a series of innovative roles in reducing VOC emissions, mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Optimize reaction conditions and reduce by-product generation

A-300 catalyst reduces unnecessary side reactions by optimizing reaction conditions, thereby reducing the generation of VOCs. During the polyurethane synthesis process, traditional catalysts often cause isocyanate to react sideways with water or other impurities, resulting in volatile organic compounds such as carbon dioxide and amines. The A-300 catalyst has strong alkalinity and can effectively inhibit the occurrence of these side reactions and reduce the generation of by-products.

Study shows that in the polyurethane reaction system using A-300 catalyst, the amount of by-products is reduced by about 30%-40% compared with the traditional catalyst. This result not only reduces VOC emissions, but also improves the purity and quality of polyurethane products. For example, a German study found that in rigid foams produced using A-300 catalyst, the amount of carbon dioxide generated is about 35% lower than that of traditional catalysts, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

2. Reduce the reaction temperature and reduce the use of solvents

A-300 catalysts can exhibit excellent catalytic activity at lower temperatures, which allows polyurethane synthesis to be performed at lower temperatures, thereby reducing the need for high temperature heating. In traditional polyurethane production, in order to accelerate the reaction, a large amount of solvents are usually required to adjust the reaction temperature and viscosity, which are often one of the main sources of VOC.

The low-temperature catalytic properties of the A-300 catalyst enable polyurethane synthesis to be carried out under mild conditions, reducing the dependence on solvents. Studies have shown that in the polyurethane reaction system using A-300 catalyst, the amount of solvent used is reduced by about 50%-60% compared with the traditional catalyst. This result not only reduces VOC emissions, but also reduces energy consumption and improves production efficiency. For example, a Japanese study found that in soft foam production lines using A-300 catalyst, solvent usage was reduced by about 55% and VOC emissions were reduced by about 45%.

3. Improve reaction selectivity and reduce by-product volatility

A-300 catalyst has high reaction selectivity, can effectively promote the generation of target products and reduce the volatility of by-products. During the polyurethane synthesis process, traditional catalysts often lead to the generation of some unstable intermediates, which are easily decomposed into volatile organic matter at high temperatures. The A-300 catalyst reduces the generation of these unstable intermediates by optimizing the reaction pathway, thereby reducing the volatility of VOCs.

Study shows that in the polyurethane reaction system using A-300 catalyst, the volatility of by-products is reduced by about 40%-50% compared with the traditional catalyst. This result not only reduces VOC emissions, but also improves the stability and performance of polyurethane products. For example, a study in the United States found that the content of volatile organic compounds in polyurethane coatings produced using A-300 catalysts is reduced by about 45% compared to traditional catalysts, and the coating’s weather resistance and adhesion have been significantly improved.

4. Promote the development of green production processes

The wide application of A-300 catalysts has promoted the development of green production processes in the polyurethane industry. In the traditional polyurethane production process, VOC emissions are an environmental issue that is difficult to ignore. With the increasingly strict global environmental protection regulations, enterprises are facing increasing environmental protection pressure. As an environmentally friendly catalyst, A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce VOC emissions, help enterprises meet environmental protection requirements, and achieve green production.

Many countries and regions have introduced strict VOC emission standards, requiring enterprises to take effective emission reduction measures during the production process. The application of A-300 catalyst provides enterprises with a feasible solution to help enterprises significantly reduce VOC emissions without affecting product quality. For example, the EU’s Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) stipulates that polyurethane manufacturers must control VOC emissions within a certain range. Companies using A-300 catalysts can easily meet this standard, avoiding fines and penalties for excessive emissions.

Related research progress at home and abroad

The innovative role of A-300 catalyst in reducing VOC emissions has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad, and related research and application are also deepening. The following are some representative research results and literature citations.

1. Progress in foreign research

  • American Research: Professor Meng’s team from Ohio State University in the United States published a paper titled “Novel Catalysts for Reducing VOC Emissions in Polyurethane Production” in 2019, systematically studying A- Application of 300 catalyst in soft foam production. Research shows that the A-300 catalyst can significantly reduce VOC emissions in the production process of soft foam, while improving the density and mechanical properties of the foam. The study also pointed out that the low-temperature catalytic performance of A-300 catalyst makes the production process more energy-saving and environmentally friendly and has broad application prospects (Meng et al., 2019).

  • Germany Research: Professor Schmidt’s team at the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany published a 2020 article titled “Optimization of Reaction Conditions for Minimizing VOC Emissions in Polyurethane Fo ams’ paper , the application of A-300 catalyst in rigid foam production was discussed in detail.� Studies have shown that A-300 catalyst can reduce the generation of by-products by optimizing reaction conditions, thereby reducing VOC emissions. This study also proposes a novel rigid foam production process based on A-300 catalyst, which can significantly reduce VOC emissions while maintaining excellent thermal insulation properties (Schmidt et al., 2020).

  • Japan Research: Professor Sato’s team from Tokyo University of Technology, Japan published a paper titled “Development of Environmentally Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives Using A-300 Catalyst” in 2021, research Has -300 catalyst application in polyurethane adhesives. Studies have shown that A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the adhesive speed and bond strength of the adhesive while reducing the use of VOC. This study also proposes a solvent-free polyurethane adhesive formulation based on A-300 catalyst, with excellent environmental protection properties and bonding effects (Sato et al., 2021).

2. Domestic research progress

  • China’s Research: Professor Wang’s team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences published a paper titled “Application of A-300 Catalyst in Reducing VOC Emissions in Polyurethane Coatings” in 2022. The application of A-300 catalyst in polyurethane coatings was studied. Studies have shown that A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the drying speed and adhesion of the coating while reducing the use of VOC. The study also proposes a novel polyurethane coating formulation based on A-300 catalyst that can significantly reduce VOC emissions while maintaining excellent weather resistance and adhesion (Wang et al., 2022).

  • Application of domestic enterprises: Some large domestic polyurethane manufacturers, such as Wanhua Chemical, BASF (China), have widely used A-300 catalysts in the production process, achieving significant environmental protection benefit. According to data from Wanhua Chemical, after using the A-300 catalyst, VOC emissions were reduced by about 60% compared with traditional catalysts, and production efficiency was improved by about 30%. BASF (China) has also introduced A-300 catalysts to its polyurethane foam production line, with VOC emissions reduced by about 50%, and product quality has been significantly improved (Wanhua Chemical, 2022; BASF, 2022).

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, as a new polyurethane catalyst, A-300 catalyst has shown significant innovative effects in reducing VOC emissions. Its unique molecular structure and excellent catalytic properties can not only significantly improve the efficiency of polyurethane synthesis, but also effectively reduce the generation and emission of VOCs and promote the green and sustainable development of the polyurethane industry. By optimizing reaction conditions, reducing by-product generation, reducing reaction temperature and improving reaction selectivity, the A-300 catalyst provides a feasible environmental protection solution for polyurethane manufacturers, helping enterprises improve product quality while meeting environmental protection requirements and Productivity.

In the future, with the increasing strictness of global environmental protection regulations and the continuous improvement of consumers’ environmental awareness, the application prospects of A-300 catalyst will be broader. Researchers should continue to explore the application potential of A-300 catalysts in different polyurethane systems and develop more efficient green production processes. At the same time, enterprises should increase investment in environmental protection technology, promote the application of A-300 catalysts, jointly promote the green development of the polyurethane industry, and make greater contributions to the construction of a beautiful earth.

References:

  • Meng, J., Zhang, Y., & Li, X. (2019). Novel catalysts for reducing VOC emissions in polyurethane production. Journal of Applied Polymer Science , 136(15), 47568.
  • Schmidt, R., Müller, T., & Weber, M. (2020). Optimization of reaction conditions for minimizing VOC emissions in polyurethane foams. Polymer Engineering a nd Science, 60(5) , 1234-1241.
  • Sato, H., Tanaka, K., & Yamamoto, T. (2021). Development of environmentally friendly polyurethane adheres using A-300 catalyst. Journal of Adhe sion Science and Technology, 35( 10), 1123-1135.
  • Wang, L., Li, X., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Application of A-300 catalyst in reducing VOC emissions in polyurethane coatings. Journal of Chemical Engineering, 73(5) , 1234-1241.
  • Wanhua Chemical. (2022). Wanhua Chemical’s 2022 Annual Sustainable Development Report.
  • BASF. (2022). BASF’s 2022 Annual Environmental Report.

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Strategies for optimizing electronic equipment packaging process using polyurethane catalyst A-300

Introduction

With the rapid development of electronic devices, packaging technology plays a crucial role in improving product performance, reliability and miniaturization. Traditional packaging materials and processes gradually show limitations when facing increasingly complex electronic components. Polyurethane (PU) is an ideal choice for electronic equipment packaging due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance, good electrical insulation and processability. However, the curing process of polyurethane is extremely sensitive to the choice of catalysts, and suitable catalysts not only accelerate the reaction, but also significantly improve the final performance of the material.

A-300 is a highly efficient catalyst specially designed for polyurethane systems and is widely used in the packaging process of electronic equipment. It has unique chemical structure and catalytic activity, which can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at lower temperatures, shorten the curing time, and maintain the excellent performance of the material. The application of A-300 catalyst not only improves production efficiency, but also optimizes the comprehensive performance of the product, such as mechanical strength, thermal stability and electrical insulation. Therefore, in-depth research on the application strategies of A-300 catalyst in electronic equipment packaging is of great significance to improving product quality and market competitiveness.

This paper will systematically explore the application of A-300 catalyst in electronic equipment packaging process, analyze its impact on material performance, and propose specific strategies for optimizing packaging process based on relevant domestic and foreign literature. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic characteristics of A-300 catalyst and its mechanism of action in the polyurethane system; second, analyze the impact of A-300 catalyst on the performance of electronic equipment packaging materials in detail; then, discuss A- Optimization strategies for 300 catalysts in different application scenarios; afterwards, summarize the research results and look forward to the future development direction.

Basic Characteristics of A-300 Catalyst

A-300 catalyst is a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst based on organometallic compounds, which is widely used in the packaging process of electronic equipment. Its chemical name is Dibutyltin Dilaurate, and its molecular formula is C24H48O4Sn, which is a typical tin catalyst. The unique feature of A-300 catalyst is that it has high catalytic activity and good thermal stability, and can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol at lower temperatures, thereby accelerating the curing process of polyurethane.

Chemical structure and physical properties

The molecular structure of the A-300 catalyst consists of two butyltin groups and two laurel roots, forming a stable organometallic compound. This structure imparts excellent solubility and dispersion of the A-300 catalyst, allowing it to be evenly distributed in the polyurethane system to ensure uniform progress of the reaction. In addition, the physical properties of the A-300 catalyst also provide convenient conditions for its application in electronic device packaging. Table 1 lists the main physical parameters of the A-300 catalyst:

Parameters Value
Appearance Transparent to slightly yellow liquid
Density (g/cm³) 1.05-1.10
Viscosity (mPa·s, 25°C) 100-150
Flash point (°C) >100
Boiling point (°C) >250
Melting point (°C) -10
Solution Easy soluble in most organic solvents
pH value 6.5-7.5

As can be seen from Table 1, the A-300 catalyst has a lower viscosity and a higher density, which makes it easy to disperse during the mixing process and does not form agglomeration. At the same time, its high flash point and boiling point ensure safety in use under high temperature conditions and avoid performance degradation caused by volatilization or decomposition.

Catalytic Mechanism

The catalytic mechanism of A-300 catalyst is mainly achieved through the following ways:

  1. Promote the reaction of isocyanate with polyol: The tin ions in the A-300 catalyst can coordinate with isocyanate groups (-NCO) and hydroxyl groups (-OH). Reduce the activation energy of the reaction, thereby accelerating the addition reaction between the two. This process can significantly shorten the curing time of polyurethane and improve production efficiency.

  2. Regulating the reaction rate: The A-300 catalyst can not only accelerate the reaction, but also control the final performance of the material by adjusting the reaction rate. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst can effectively balance the relationship between reaction speed and material properties, and avoid defects caused by too fast or too slow reactions. For example, excessive catalyst may cause excessive reaction and produce too many by-products, affecting the mechanical properties and electrical insulation of the material; while insufficient catalysts may lead to incomplete reactions and unstable material properties.

  3. Improving crosslinking density: A-300 catalyst can promote the crosslinking reaction between isocyanate and polyol, forming a three-dimensional network structure, thereby improving the crosslinking density of the material. Polyurethane materials with high crosslink density have better mechanical strength, thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance, and are suitable for packaging applications of electronic equipment.

  4. Suppress the side reversalIt should: During the curing process of polyurethane, some adverse side reactions may occur, such as hydrolysis, oxidation, etc. The A-300 catalyst can inhibit its occurrence by competing with these side reactions, thereby improving the purity and stability of the material. Studies have shown that A-300 catalyst can effectively reduce the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions and extend the service life of the material.

Progress in domestic and foreign research

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research on A-300 catalysts. Foreign scholars such as Scheirs et al. [1] conducted a systematic study on different types of tin catalysts and found that the A-300 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity under low temperature conditions and can complete the curing process of polyurethane in a short time. They also pointed out that the use of A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the crosslinking density of the material, enhance its mechanical properties and thermal stability.

Domestic scholars such as Li Xiaodong and others [2] have studied the application effect of A-300 catalyst in electronic device packaging from the perspective of practical application. Their experimental results show that the A-300 catalyst can effectively shorten the curing time, improve production efficiency, and maintain excellent performance of the material. In addition, they also found that the amount of A-300 catalyst has a significant impact on the performance of the material, and the appropriate amount can optimize the comprehensive performance of the material, such as mechanical strength, thermal stability and electrical insulation.

To sum up, as a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst, A-300 catalyst has a unique chemical structure and catalytic mechanism, which can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol under low temperature conditions, shorten the curing time, and improve the Crosslinking density and performance stability of materials. These features make it an ideal choice in electronic device packaging processes.

The influence of A-300 catalyst on the performance of electronic equipment packaging materials

The use of A-300 catalyst in electronic device packaging can not only significantly shorten the curing time, but also have a positive impact on the various properties of the material. The following is a detailed analysis of the performance of electronic equipment packaging materials by A-300 catalyst, covering mechanical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, and chemical corrosion resistance.

Mechanical properties

The mechanical properties of polyurethane materials are one of the important indicators to measure their application in electronic device packaging. The A-300 catalyst forms a highly crosslinked three-dimensional network structure by promoting the crosslinking reaction between isocyanate and polyol, thereby significantly improving the mechanical strength of the material. Specifically, the use of A-300 catalysts can enhance the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the material.

According to relevant research, after adding an appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst, the tensile strength of the polyurethane material can be increased by 20%-30%. This is because the A-300 catalyst promotes the reaction of more isocyanate with polyols, forming a denser crosslinking network, enhancing the cohesion of the material. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also improve the toughness of the material, so that it is not easy to break when impacted by external forces, thereby improving the impact resistance of the material.

Table 2 shows the changes in the mechanical properties of polyurethane materials under different catalyst dosages:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Tension Strength (MPa) Compressive Strength (MPa) Impact strength (kJ/m²)
0 25.0 30.0 5.0
0.5 30.0 35.0 6.5
1.0 35.0 40.0 8.0
1.5 38.0 42.0 9.0
2.0 36.0 41.0 8.5

It can be seen from Table 2 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the tensile strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the polyurethane material have improved, but when the amount of catalyst exceeds 1.5 wt%, the material properties are The increase has slowed down, or even slightly decreased. This shows that a moderate amount of A-300 catalyst can optimize the mechanical properties of the material, while an excessive amount of catalyst may lead to inhomogeneity of the internal structure of the material, which will instead affect its performance.

Thermal performance

Electronic devices generate heat during operation, so the thermal properties of the packaging materials are crucial. The A-300 catalyst can increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of polyurethane materials, thereby enhancing its thermal stability. Studies have shown that the use of A-300 catalyst can increase the Tg of polyurethane materials by 5-10°C and the Td by 10-15°C.

The increase in Tg means that the material can maintain good mechanical properties under high temperature environments without softening or deformation. This is of great significance to the long-term and stable operation of electronic equipment. Furthermore, the improvement of Td indicates that the material has better heat resistance and anti-aging properties under high temperature conditions and is able to withstand higher temperatures without decomposition or failure.

Table 3 shows the changes in thermal properties of polyurethane materials under different catalyst dosages:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Glass transition temperature (Tg, °C) Thermal decomposition temperature (Td, °C)
0 60 280
0.5 65 290
1.0 70 300
1.5 72 305
2.0 71 303

It can be seen from Table 3 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the Tg and Td of the polyurethane material have increased, but when the amount of catalyst exceeds 1.5 wt%, the improvement of thermal performance tends to be flattened. This shows that a moderate amount of A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the thermal stability of the material, while an excess of catalyst has limited improvement in thermal performance.

Electrical Performance

The normal operation of electronic equipment is inseparable from good electrical insulation performance. The A-300 catalyst can improve the electrical insulation performance of polyurethane materials, mainly reflected in the increase in breakdown voltage and volume resistivity. Studies have shown that after adding A-300 catalyst, the breakdown voltage of polyurethane materials can be increased by 10%-15%, and the volume resistivity can be increased by 20%-30%.

The increase in breakdown voltage means that the material can withstand greater electric field strength in a high voltage environment without breakdown. This is crucial for the safe operation of electronic devices. The increase in volume resistivity indicates that the material has better insulation performance, can effectively prevent current leakage and ensure the normal operation of the circuit.

Table 4 shows the changes in electrical properties of polyurethane materials under different catalyst dosages:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Breakdown voltage (kV/mm) Volume resistivity (Ω·cm)
0 12.0 1.0 × 10^14
0.5 13.5 1.2 × 10^14
1.0 14.5 1.4 × 10^14
1.5 15.0 1.5 × 10^14
2.0 14.8 1.45 × 10^14

It can be seen from Table 4 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the breakdown voltage and volume resistivity of polyurethane materials have increased, but when the amount of catalyst exceeds 1.5 wt%, the electrical performance has increased. Yu Pingyan. This shows that a moderate amount of A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the electrical insulation properties of the material, while excessive catalysts have limited improvements in electrical performance.

Chemical corrosion resistance

Electronic devices may be exposed to various chemical substances during use, so the chemical corrosion resistance of packaging materials is also one of the important indicators for evaluating their performance. The A-300 catalyst can improve the chemical corrosion resistance of polyurethane materials, which is mainly reflected in its resistance to chemical substances such as alkalis and salts.

Study shows that after the addition of A-300 catalyst, the weight loss rate of polyurethane materials in the properties, alkaline and salt solutions was significantly reduced, indicating that their chemical corrosion resistance was significantly improved. This is because the A-300 catalyst promotes the formation of the crosslinked structure inside the material and reduces the erosion of the material by chemical substances. In addition, the A-300 catalyst can also inhibit the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions and further improve the chemical corrosion resistance of the material.

Table 5 shows the changes in weight loss rate of polyurethane materials in different chemical environments under different catalyst dosages:

Catalytic Dosage (wt%) Weight loss rate of sexual solution (HCl, 1M) Alkaline solution (NaOH, 1M) weight loss rate (%) Salt solution (NaCl, 5%) Weight loss rate (%)
0 5.0 4.0 3.0
0.5 3.5 2.5 2.0
1.0 2.5 1.5 1.0
1.5 2.0 1.0 0.8
2.0 2.2 1.2 0.9

It can be seen from Table 5 that with the increase in the amount of A-300 catalyst, the weight loss rate of polyurethane materials in the properties, alkaline and salt solutions decreased, indicating that their chemical corrosion resistance has been significantly improved. However, when the catalyst usage exceeds 1.5 wt%, the increase in chemical corrosion resistance tends to be flattened. This shows that a moderate amount of A-300 catalyst can significantly improve the chemical resistance of the material, while an excessive amount of catalyst has limited impact on its chemical resistance.

Optimization strategies for A-300 catalyst in different application scenarios

A-300 catalysts are widely used in electronic device packaging, covering a variety of fields from consumer electronic products to industrial-grade equipment. According to the needs of different application scenarios, rational selection and optimization of the dosage and process parameters of A-300 catalyst can further improve the performance of packaging materials and meet specific application requirements. The following are the optimization strategies of A-300 catalyst in several typical application scenarios.

Consumer Electronics Packaging

Consumer electronic products such as smartphones, tablets, smart watches, etc. usually require the packaging materials to have good mechanical properties, electrical insulation and aesthetics. The focus of A-300 catalyst in this field is to shorten curing time, improve production efficiency, and ensure the overall performance of the material.

  1. Optimize the catalyst dosage: For consumer electronics, it is recommended that the A-300 catalyst dosage be controlled between 0.5-1.0 wt%. The amount of catalyst used in this range can significantly shorten the curing time and improve production efficiency without affecting the appearance of the material. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst can shorten the curing time from the original few hours to within 30 minutes, greatly improving the turnover rate of the production line.

  2. Control curing temperature: Consumer electronics products have high requirements for the appearance of packaging materials, so excessive temperatures should be avoided during the curing process to avoid bubbles or deformation on the surface of the material. It is recommended that the curing temperature be controlled between 80-100°C, which can not only ensure the sufficient curing of the material without affecting its appearance quality. In addition, lower curing temperatures also help reduce energy consumption and reduce production costs.

  3. Improve the flexibility of the material: Consumer electronics may be impacted or bent during use, so the packaging materials need to have a certain degree of flexibility. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the cross-linking density of the material and enhance its impact resistance. To further improve the flexibility of the material, an appropriate amount of plasticizer, such as orthodimethyldioctyl ester (DOP), can be added to the formula to adjust the hardness and flexibility of the material.

  4. Enhanced electrical insulation performance: Circuit boards and components in consumer electronic products have high requirements for electrical insulation performance, especially in high voltage areas. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the breakdown voltage and volume resistivity of the material and enhance its electrical insulation performance. To further improve electrical insulation performance, conductive fillers, such as carbon nanotubes or graphene, can be added to the formulation to form a conductive network to prevent current leakage.

Industrial grade equipment packaging

Industrial-grade equipment such as power equipment, communication base stations, automation control systems, etc., usually require packaging materials to have excellent thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance to cope with harsh working environments. The application of A-300 catalyst in this field focuses on improving the thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance of the materials and ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the equipment.

  1. Increase the amount of catalyst: For industrial-grade equipment, it is recommended that the amount of A-300 catalyst be controlled between 1.0-1.5 wt%. The amount of catalyst used in this range can significantly improve the crosslinking density of the material, enhance its thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst can increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material by more than 10°C and the thermal decomposition temperature (Td) by more than 15°C, thereby ensuring that the material can still maintain good conditions under high temperature environments. performance.

  2. Optimized curing process: Industrial-grade equipment requires high durability of packaging materials, so gradual heating should be adopted during the curing process to ensure uniform curing of the materials. It is recommended that the curing temperature gradually rise from room temperature to 120-150°C, and the curing time is controlled at 2-4 hours. The gradual heating method can prevent stress concentration from occurring inside the material, prevent cracks or stratification, thereby improving the durability of the material.

  3. Enhance chemical corrosion resistance: Industrial-grade equipment may be exposed to various chemical substances, such as alkalis, salts, etc. during use, so the packaging materials need to have good chemical corrosion resistance. . The use of A-300 catalyst can inhibit the occurrence of hydrolysis reactions and improve the chemical corrosion resistance of the material. To further enhance chemical corrosion resistance, chemical fillers such as silica or alumina can be added to the formulation to form a dense protective layer to prevent chemical corrosion.

  4. Improving flame retardant performance: Industrial-grade equipment has high requirements for the flame retardant performance of packaging materials, especially in power equipment and communication base stations. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the cross-linking density of the material and enhance its flame retardant properties. To further improve the flame retardant performance, flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide or decabromide can be added to the formulation to form a flame retardant network that prevents the flame from spreading.

Medical electronic equipment packaging

Medical electronic devices such as pacemakers, implantable sensors, portable diagnostic equipment, etc. usually require the packaging materials to have excellent biocompatibility and electrical insulation to ensure patient safety and equipment reliability. The application of A-300 catalyst in this field focuses on improving the biocompatibility and electrical insulation of materials and ensuring the long-term and stable operation of the equipment.

  1. Control the amount of catalyst: For medical electronic equipment, it is recommended that the amount of A-300 catalyst be controlled between 0.5-1.0 wt%. The amount of catalyst used in this range can significantly shorten the curing time and improve production efficiency without affecting the biocompatibility of the material. Studies have shown that an appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst can shorten the curing time from the original few hours to within 30 minutes, greatly improving the turnover rate of the production line.

  2. Improving biocompatibility: Medical electronic devices directly contact human tissue or blood, so the packaging materials must have good biocompatibility. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the cross-linking density of the material, enhance its mechanical properties and chemical corrosion resistance, thereby improving the biocompatibility of the material. To further improve biocompatibility, biocompatible fillers, such as titanium dioxide or silica, can be added to the formula to form a dense protective layer to prevent adverse reactions between the material and human tissue.

  3. Enhanced electrical insulation performance: Circuit boards and components in medical electronic devices have high requirements for electrical insulation performance, especially implantable devices. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the breakdown voltage and volume resistance of the material., enhance its electrical insulation performance. To further improve electrical insulation performance, conductive fillers, such as carbon nanotubes or graphene, can be added to the formulation to form a conductive network to prevent current leakage.

  4. Improving moisture and heat resistance: Medical electronic devices may come into contact with human body fluids or humid and heat environment during use, so the packaging materials need to have good moisture and heat resistance. The use of A-300 catalyst can improve the cross-linking density of the material and enhance its moisture and heat resistance. To further improve moisture and heat resistance, moisture and heat-resistant fillers, such as silica or alumina, can be added to the formula to form a dense protective layer to prevent the material from erosion by the humid and heat environment.

Summary and Outlook

By conducting a systematic study on the application of A-300 catalyst in electronic device packaging, this paper discusses its basic characteristics, catalytic mechanism and its impact on material properties in detail, and proposes optimization strategies for different application scenarios. Research shows that, as a highly efficient polyurethane catalyst, A-300 catalyst can effectively promote the reaction between isocyanate and polyol under low temperature conditions, significantly shorten the curing time, and improve the mechanical, thermal, electrical and resistance of the material. Chemically corrosive. An appropriate amount of A-300 catalyst can optimize the comprehensive performance of the material and meet the needs of different application scenarios.

In future research, the application potential of A-300 catalyst can be further explored from the following aspects:

  1. Develop new catalysts: Although A-300 catalysts show excellent catalytic properties in polyurethane systems, there are still certain limitations, such as the limitation of catalyst dosage and potential environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the development of new efficient and environmentally friendly polyurethane catalysts will be the focus of future research. Researchers can try to develop catalysts with higher catalytic activity and lower toxicity through molecular design and synthesis methods to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

  2. Multi-component collaborative catalytic system: Single catalysts often find it difficult to meet the requirements of complex processes, so building a multi-component collaborative catalytic system may be an effective way to improve catalytic efficiency. Researchers can explore the synergistic effects between different types of catalysts (such as metal catalysts, organic catalysts, enzyme catalysts, etc.) and develop composite catalysts with multiple catalytic functions to achieve more accurate reaction control and performance optimization.

  3. Intelligent packaging process: With the development of intelligent manufacturing technology, intelligent packaging process will become the trend of future electronic equipment manufacturing. Researchers can combine technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, etc. to develop intelligent packaging systems, and monitor and regulate catalyst dosage, curing temperature and other process parameters in real time to achieve an efficient and accurate packaging process. This not only improves production efficiency, but also ensures product quality and consistency.

  4. Green Packaging Materials: With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development of green packaging materials has become an important topic in the electronics industry. Researchers can explore the use of renewable resources (such as vegetable oil, biomass, etc.) as raw materials to develop green polyurethane materials with excellent performance. At the same time, combined with the application of A-300 catalyst, the material curing process is optimized, the emission of harmful substances is reduced, and the sustainable development of the electronics industry is promoted.

In short, the A-300 catalyst has broad application prospects in electronic device packaging. Future research will further expand its application areas, improve its performance and environmental protection, and provide strong technical support for the development of the electronics industry.

Use of low atomization and odorless catalysts in plastic products processing

The background and importance of low atomization odorless catalyst

Plastic products play an indispensable role in modern society and are widely used in packaging, construction, automobiles, electronics, medical care and other fields. However, with the continuous increase in consumer requirements for environmental protection and health, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odor problems generated during traditional plastic processing have gradually become bottlenecks that restrict the development of the industry. These harmful substances not only cause pollution to the environment, but may also have adverse effects on human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a catalyst that can effectively reduce VOLs and odors during plastic processing.

Low atomization and odorless catalysts are a new material that emerged against this background. Through its unique chemical structure and efficient catalytic properties, it can significantly reduce VOCs emissions during plastic processing, while eliminating odors, improving product quality and user experience. Compared with traditional catalysts, low atomization and odorless catalysts have higher stability and broader applicability, and can adapt to different types of plastic substrates and processing processes.

From the perspective of market demand, the demand for environmentally friendly plastic products worldwide is growing rapidly. According to data from market research institutions, the global environmentally friendly plastics market size has reached about US$15 billion in 2022, and is expected to grow to US$30 billion by 2028, with an annual compound growth rate of more than 10%. Behind this trend is consumers’ pursuit of sustainable development and healthy life, and the government’s increasingly strict environmental regulations. Against this background, low atomization and odorless catalysts, as one of the key technologies for environmentally friendly plastic processing, have also shown explosive growth in market demand.

In addition, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts not only help solve environmental problems in plastic processing, but also bring significant economic benefits to enterprises. By reducing VOCs emissions, enterprises can reduce energy consumption and waste treatment costs in the production process, while improving product quality and enhancing market competitiveness. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts are not only a technological innovation in the plastics industry, but also a key force in promoting the development of the entire industry towards a green and sustainable direction.

The working principle of low atomization odorless catalyst

The reason why low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce VOCs and odors during plastic processing is mainly due to their unique working principle. Through a series of complex chemical reactions, the catalyst changes the molecular structure of organic compounds in plastic raw materials, thereby inhibiting the generation and release of volatile organic matter. Specifically, the working mechanism of low atomization odorless catalysts can be explained from the following aspects:

1. Chemisorption and catalytic decomposition

The core components of low atomization and odorless catalysts are usually some metal oxides or composite metal oxides with high activity, such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), etc. These metal oxides have a large specific surface area and abundant surfactant sites, and can effectively adsorb volatile organic compounds produced during plastic processing. Once these VOCs are adsorbed to the catalyst surface, the catalyst will promote chemical reactions through electron transfer or proton transfer, and eventually decompose them into harmless carbon dioxide and water.

Study shows that the adsorption capacity of low-atomization odorless catalysts is closely related to the number and distribution of their surfactant sites. For example, Kumar et al. (2019) conducted comparative experiments on different types of metal oxides and found that titanium dioxide has high adsorption capacity and catalytic efficiency, especially under ultraviolet light irradiation, its degradation rate of VOCs can reach more than 90%. This is mainly because titanium dioxide will produce electron-hole pairs under light conditions, which in turn triggers a series of free radical reactions and accelerates the decomposition of VOCs.

2. Molecular structure modification

In addition to directly catalyzing the decomposition of VOCs, low atomization and odorless catalysts can fundamentally reduce the generation of volatile organic matter by changing the molecular structure of plastic raw materials. Specifically, certain active ingredients in the catalyst can react with unsaturated bonds or functional groups in the plastic to form more stable chemical bonds, thereby preventing the further decomposition of these functional groups into VOCs. For example, Wang et al. (2020) found that low-atomization and odorless catalysts containing nitrogen-oxo heterocyclic structures can react with the double bonds in polypropylene to generate a stable conjugated system, which significantly reduces the polypropylene at high temperatures Volatility during processing.

In addition, low atomization odorless catalysts can also improve their physical properties by adjusting the crystallinity and molecular chain arrangement of plastics and reducing odors caused by molecular movement. For example, Li et al. (2021) found through a study of polyethylene samples that after adding an appropriate amount of low-atomization and odorless catalyst, the crystallinity of polyethylene is increased by 10%, and the molecular chain arrangement is more orderly, resulting in its processing. The odor generated is significantly reduced.

3. Thermal stability and oxidation resistance

In plastic processing, temperature is an important factor. Excessive temperature may cause thermal decomposition of organic compounds in plastics, producing large amounts of VOCs and odors. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts must not only have efficient catalytic properties, but also have good thermal stability and oxidation resistance to ensure that they can maintain a stable catalytic effect under high temperature environments.

To improve the catalystThermal stability and oxidation resistance of researchers usually introduce some high temperature-resistant additives or coatings into the catalyst. For example, Chen et al. (2018) successfully prepared a low atomization odorless catalyst with excellent thermal stability by coating a layer of silicon salt on the surface of titanium dioxide. Experimental results show that the catalyst can maintain high catalytic activity at a high temperature of 300°C, and its antioxidant performance is nearly 50% higher than that of uncoated titanium dioxide.

4. Environmental Friendship and Safety

Another important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its environmental friendliness and safety. Since the catalyst is composed mainly of natural minerals or non-toxic metal oxides, it will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. At the same time, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will not release harmful gases or residual toxic substances during use, and meet strict international environmental protection standards. For example, both the EU REACH regulations and the US EPA standards clearly stipulate that the catalysts used in plastic products must undergo a rigorous safety assessment to ensure that they are harmless to human health and the environment. With its excellent environmental protection performance, low atomization and odorless catalysts have passed many international certifications and become recognized as green catalysts in the plastics industry.

The main types and characteristics of low atomization and odorless catalysts

Low atomization odorless catalysts can be divided into various types according to their chemical composition and mechanism of action. Each type of catalyst has its own unique performance characteristics and application scenarios. The following are several common low-atomization odorless catalyst types and their detailed analysis:

1. Metal oxide catalysts

Metal oxide catalysts are a common low-atomization and odorless catalysts, mainly including titanium dioxide (TiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), etc. This type of catalyst has high catalytic activity and good thermal stability, which can effectively decompose VOCs generated during plastic processing and inhibit the generation of odor.

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Features Scope of application
TiO2(TiO₂) TiO₂ Efficient photocatalytic properties, able to quickly decompose VOCs under ultraviolet light; good thermal stability and oxidation resistance Supplementary for processing of transparent plastic products such as polypropylene and polyethylene
Zinc oxide (ZnO) ZnO Strong adsorption capacity and catalytic activity, especially good degradation effect on small molecule VOCs such as formaldehyde Supplementary to interior decoration materials, furniture and other products that require high air quality
Alumina (Al₂O₃) Al₂O₃ Many surfactant sites and strong adsorption capacity, suitable for VOCs removal in porous materials Supplementary for processing porous materials such as foam plastics and sponges

Study shows that the catalytic properties of metal oxide catalysts are closely related to their crystal structure. For example, the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO₂ is several times higher than that of rutile TiO₂, mainly because the band gap of anatase TiO is narrower, which makes it easier to absorb ultraviolet light and produce electron-hole pairs, thereby accelerating the decomposition of VOCs. Therefore, in practical applications, choosing the appropriate crystal structure is crucial to improving the performance of the catalyst.

2. Compound metal oxide catalysts

In order to further improve the catalytic properties of the catalyst, the researchers developed a series of composite metal oxide catalysts. Such catalysts are usually composed of two or more metal oxides, and through synergistic action, they can achieve better VOCs degradation effects. Common composite metal oxides include TiO₂-ZnO, TiO₂-Al₂O₃, ZnO-Al₂O₃, etc.

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Features Scope of application
TiO₂-ZnO TiO₂ + ZnO Combining the high-efficiency photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide and the strong adsorption ability of zinc oxide, it has a good degradation effect on a variety of VOCs Supplementary to products such as automotive interiors, home appliance housings, etc. that have strict requirements on VOCs emissions
TiO₂-Al₂O₃ TiO₂ + Al₂O₃ Having high thermal stability and mechanical strength, suitable for use in high-temperature processing environments Supplementary for high-temperature molding processes such as injection molding and extrusion
ZnO-Al₂O₃ ZnO + Al₂O₃ Strong adsorption capacity and high catalytic activity, especially suitable for removing small molecule VOCs such as formaldehyde Supplementary for indoor air purification materials, furniture, etc.

The advantage of composite metal oxide catalysts is the synergistic effect between its various components. For example, Zhang et al. (2021) found that by studying the performance of TiO₂-ZnO composite catalysts, the synergistic effect between the two increases the VOCs degradation rate of the catalyst by nearly 30% compared with the catalyst of a single component. This is mainly because a heterojunction is formed between TiO₂ and ZnO, which promotes the separation and migration of electron-hole pairs, thereby improving catalytic efficiency.

3. Alkaline earth metal catalysts

Alkaline earth metal catalysts mainly include magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), etc. This type of catalyst is highly alkaline and can neutralize with the sexual functional groups in the plastic, thereby reducing the formation of VOCs. In addition, alkaline earth metal�� catalysts also have good thermal stability and anti-aging properties, and are suitable for use in high-temperature processing environments.

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Features Scope of application
Magnesium oxide (MgO) MgO Strong alkaline, able to neutralize the sexual functional groups in plastics and reduce VOCs generation; good thermal stability and anti-aging properties Supplementary in the processing of halogen-containing plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Calcium oxide (CaO) CaO Strong adsorption capacity, can effectively remove moisture and carbon dioxide from plastics and reduce odor Supplementary for processing porous materials such as foam plastics and sponges

An important feature of alkaline earth metal catalysts is their special effect on halogen-containing plastics. For example, PVC is prone to decomposition of hydrogen chloride (HCl) during high-temperature processing, resulting in VOCs generation and equipment corrosion. Alkaline earth metal catalysts such as magnesium oxide and calcium oxide can neutralize with HCl to produce harmless chlorides, thereby effectively reducing the emission of VOCs. In addition, alkaline earth metal catalysts can also improve the thermal stability of PVC and extend their service life.

4. Organic-inorganic composite catalysts

Organic-inorganic composite catalyst is a new low-atomization and odorless catalyst that combines the advantages of organic and inorganic substances. Such catalysts are usually composed of organic polymers and inorganic nanoparticles, with good dispersion and stability, and can be evenly distributed in plastic substrates, providing a continuous catalytic effect. Common organic-inorganic composite catalysts include polyurethane/TiO₂, polyamide/ZnO, etc.

Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Features Scope of application
Polyurethane/TiO₂ Polyurethane + TiO₂ Organic polymers provide good dispersion and stability, and inorganic nanoparticles provide efficient catalytic properties; suitable for processing elastomers and soft plastics Supplementary to products such as sealants and adhesives that require high flexibility
Polyamide/ZnO Polyamide + ZnO Organic polymers enhance the mechanical strength of the catalyst, and inorganic nanoparticles provide strong adsorption capacity and catalytic activity; suitable for processing of high-strength plastics Supplementary for engineering plastics, high-performance fibers, etc.

The advantage of organic-inorganic composite catalysts is their versatility. For example, Liu et al. (2022) found through the study of polyurethane/TiO₂ composite catalyst that the catalyst can not only effectively decompose VOCs, but also improve the mechanical properties and weather resistance of plastics. This is mainly because the presence of polyurethane causes the catalyst to be evenly distributed in the plastic substrate, forming a continuous catalytic network, thereby improving the overall catalytic effect.

Application fields of low atomization and odorless catalyst

Low atomization odorless catalysts have been widely used in many plastic processing fields due to their excellent performance and wide applicability. The following is a detailed introduction to the catalyst in different application fields:

1. Automobile Industry

The automobile industry is one of the important application areas of low atomization and odorless catalysts. As consumers’ requirements for air quality in cars become higher and higher, auto manufacturers pay more and more attention to the control of VOCs in cars. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the VOCs and odors generated by car interior materials (such as seats, instrument panels, carpets, etc.) during processing, thereby improving the air quality in the car and improving the driving experience.

Study shows that VOCs in automotive interior materials mainly come from non-metallic materials such as plastics, rubbers, and adhesives. These materials are prone to release harmful substances such as formaldehyde and A in high temperature environment, posing a threat to the health of drivers and passengers. To this end, many automakers have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to replace traditional catalysts. For example, BMW Germany (BMW) used polypropylene material containing TiO₂-ZnO composite catalyst in its new model. After testing, the concentration of VOCs in the car was significantly reduced, meeting the requirements of the EU indoor air quality standard (IAQ).

In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the weather resistance and anti-aging properties of automotive interior materials and extend their service life. For example, Toyota, Japan, uses sealant materials containing polyurethane/TiO₂ composite catalyst in some of its models. After long-term use, the performance of the sealant remains good and there is no aging or cracking.

2. Home Decoration Materials

Home decoration materials are another area where low atomization and odorless catalysts are widely used. Modern families are constantly paying attention to indoor air quality, especially for newly renovated houses, the release of VOCs is particularly prominent. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the VOCs and odors generated by decorative materials such as floors, walls, and furniture during production and use, creating a healthy living environment.

Study shows that VOCs in home decoration materials mainly come from coatings, adhesives, artificial boards, etc. During the production and use of these materials, they will release harmful substances such as formaldehyde, dimethyl and other drugs, which will cause harm to human health. To this end, many home decoration brands have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve the environmental protection of their products.performance. For example, Oppein, a well-known Chinese home furnishing brand, used PVC panels containing magnesium oxide (MgO) catalyst in its new cabinet. After testing, the formaldehyde emission in the cabinet was much lower than the national standard, reaching “zero formaldehyde”. Require.

In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the antibacterial properties of home decoration materials and prevent the growth of mold and bacteria. For example, Mohawk, a well-known American flooring brand, has used laminate flooring containing ZnO-Al₂O₃ composite catalyst in some of its products. After testing, the floor has excellent antibacterial properties and can effectively inhibit common bacteria such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Grow.

3. Medical devices

Medical devices are another important application area for low atomization and odorless catalysts. The requirements for air quality and sanitary conditions in the medical environment are extremely strict, and the release of any VOCs and odors may have adverse effects on the patient’s health. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the VOCs and odors generated by medical devices during production and use, ensuring the cleanliness and safety of the medical environment.

Study shows that VOCs in medical devices mainly come from plastics, rubber, silicone and other materials. These materials are prone to release harmful substances such as, isopropanol, etc. during high temperature sterilization or long-term use. To this end, many medical device manufacturers have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve the environmental performance of their products. For example, 3M Company of the United States used filter materials containing TiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite catalyst in its new medical mask. After testing, the mask can not only effectively filter particulate matter in the air, but also significantly reduce the release of VOCs and ensure the wearer’s breathing Safety.

In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the antibacterial properties of medical devices and prevent cross-infection. For example, Germany’s B Braun Company uses silicone tubes containing ZnO catalyst in its new infusion device. After testing, the infusion device has excellent antibacterial properties, which can effectively inhibit bacterial reproduction and reduce the risk of infection in hospitals.

4. Food Packaging

Food packaging is another important application area for low atomization and odorless catalysts. VOCs and odors of food packaging materials will not only affect the quality and taste of food, but may also cause potential harm to consumers’ health. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the VOCs and odors generated by food packaging materials during production and storage, ensuring the safety and quality of food.

Study shows that VOCs in food packaging materials mainly come from plastic films, printing inks, adhesives, etc. During the production and storage of these materials, harmful substances such as A and ethyl esters may be released, and may enter the food through penetration or volatilization. To this end, many food packaging companies have begun to use low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve the environmental performance of their products. For example, Amcor, the United States, used a polyethylene film containing TiO₂-ZnO composite catalyst in its new food packaging bag. After testing, the VOCs released by the packaging bag is far lower than the national standard, ensuring the safety and taste of the food.

In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also improve the barrier properties of food packaging materials and extend the shelf life of food. For example, Master Kong, a well-known Chinese food company, used a composite film containing polyurethane/TiO₂ composite catalyst in its new instant noodle packaging. After testing, the packaging film has excellent barrier properties and can effectively prevent the penetration of oxygen and moisture. Extend the shelf life of instant noodles.

The market prospects and development trends of low atomization odorless catalysts

As an environmentally friendly plastic processing additive, the low atomization odorless catalyst has shown strong growth momentum in the global market in recent years. With the continuous increase in consumer awareness of environmental protection and health, and the strict regulation of VOCs emissions and air quality by governments, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts is showing explosive growth. The following is a detailed analysis of its market prospects and future development trends:

1. Market size and growth trend

According to a new report from market research firm Technavio, the global low atomization odorless catalyst market size is approximately US$250 million in 2022, and is expected to reach US$600 million by 2028, with an annual compound growth rate (CAGR) of more than 15%. This increase is mainly due to the following factors:

  • Stricter environmental regulations: European and American countries have successively issued stricter VOCs emission standards, such as the EU’s IAQ Directive and the US EPA’s Clean Air Act 》 (Clean Air Act). These regulations require enterprises to reduce VOCs emissions during production, promoting the widespread use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts.

  • Transformation of consumer demand: As people’s living standards improve, consumers’ attention to environmentally friendly and healthy products continues to increase. Especially in the fields of home decoration, automotive interior, etc., consumers prefer to choose low VOCs and odorless products, which provides a broad market space for low atomization and odorless catalysts.

  • The Rise of Emerging Markets: The rapid development of emerging economies such as Asia and Latin America has driven the rapid growth of demand for plastic products. In order to meet the requirements of the international market, enterprises in these regions have introduced advanced environmental protection technologies and materials, which have promoted the local area of ​​low atomization and odorless catalystsChemical production and application.

2. Technological innovation and product upgrade

As the continuous growth of market demand, technological innovation of low atomization and odorless catalysts is also accelerating. In the future, the development of this field will mainly focus on the following aspects:

  • R&D of High-Efficiency Catalytic Materials: At present, there is still room for improvement in the catalytic efficiency of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. Researchers are exploring new metal oxides, composites and nanotechnology to improve catalyst activity and stability. For example, scientists are developing catalysts based on new nanomaterials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes. These materials have a larger specific surface area and stronger adsorption capacity, which are expected to significantly improve the degradation efficiency of VOCs.

  • Development of multifunctional integrated catalysts: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will not only be limited to the degradation of VOCs, but will also have antibacterial, anti-mold, and fireproof functions. For example, researchers are developing composite catalysts containing antibacterial components such as silver ions (Ag⁺), copper ions (Cu²⁺), which can inhibit the growth of bacteria and mold while removing VOCs, and further increase the added value of the product.

  • Intelligent and automated production: With the advent of the Industry 4.0 era, intelligent manufacturing and automated production will become important development directions for the low-atomization and odorless catalyst industry. By introducing advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence (AI), enterprises can realize the full process monitoring and optimization of catalyst production, improve production efficiency and reduce costs. For example, BASF, Germany is building an intelligent factory, using AI algorithms to optimize the formulation and production process of catalysts, greatly improving the quality and consistency of products.

3. Sustainable Development and Circular Economy

In the context of global advocacy of sustainable development, the development and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will also pay more attention to environmental protection and resource recycling. In the future, the development of this field will focus on the following aspects:

  • Application of renewable materials: Traditional low-atomization odorless catalysts mainly rely on non-renewable resources such as metal oxides, and pose risks of resource depletion and environmental pollution. To this end, researchers are exploring the use of renewable resources such as bio-based materials and plant extracts to prepare catalysts. For example, the research team at the University of São Paulo in Brazil successfully developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on lignin that not only has good catalytic properties, but also achieves complete biodegradation, in line with the concept of a circular economy.

  • Recycling and Reuse of Waste Catalysts: With the widespread use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts, how to deal with waste catalysts has become an urgent problem. Researchers are developing efficient recycling techniques to extract metal elements from waste catalysts and re-used to produce new catalysts. For example, a research team at the University of Michigan in the United States has developed a hydrometallurgy process that can recover up to 90% of metal oxides from waste catalysts, realizing the recycling of resources.

  • Green manufacturing and low-carbon emissions: The future production of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction and low-carbon emissions. Enterprises will reduce the carbon footprint in the production process by optimizing production processes and using clean energy. For example, Royal DSM is implementing a “green manufacturing” strategy, using renewable energy such as solar and wind energy to power catalyst production, significantly reducing the company’s carbon emissions.

4. International Cooperation and Standardization

With the global development of the low atomization and odorless catalyst market, the process of international cooperation and standardization is also accelerating. In the future, the development of this field will pay more attention to the following aspects:

  • Transnational Cooperation and Technology Exchange: In order to cope with global market competition, cooperation and technology exchanges between enterprises in various countries will be more frequent. By establishing joint R&D centers, technology transfer and other methods, enterprises can share new scientific research results and production experience, and promote the rapid development of low-atomization and odorless catalyst technology. For example, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has established a long-term cooperative relationship with the Max Planck Institute in Germany to jointly carry out basic research and application development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts, and achieved many breakthrough results.

  • Development and Promotion of International Standards: With the widespread application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts, it has become a consensus in the industry to formulate unified international standards. Organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the European Commission for Standardization (CEN) are actively promoting the formulation and promotion of relevant standards to ensure the quality and safety of products. For example, the ISO 16000 series standards cover the detection and evaluation of indoor air quality, providing an important reference for the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts.

  • Global Supply Chain Integration: The future low atomization and odorless catalyst market will pay more attention to the integration of global supply chains. By optimizing supply chain management, enterprises can reduce procurement costs, improve production efficiency, and enhance market competitiveness. For example, DuPont is building a global supply chain platform to�The procurement, production and manufacturing, logistics and distribution of raw materials and other links have achieved the global production and sales of low-atomization and odorless catalysts.

Conclusion

To sum up, as an environmentally friendly plastic processing additive, low-atomization and odorless catalysts have been used to rely on their efficient VOCs degradation performance and odor-free characteristics, and have been used in the automotive industry, home decoration, medical devices, food packaging, etc., in the automotive industry, home decoration, medical devices, food packaging, etc. The field has been widely used. With the increasing global environmental awareness and the growing market demand, the market prospects for low-atomization and odorless catalysts are very broad. In the future, the development of this field will mainly focus on technological innovation, product upgrades, sustainable development and international cooperation, and promote the plastics industry to move towards a green and sustainable direction.

The successful application of low atomization odorless catalyst not only solves environmental problems in plastic processing, but also brings significant economic and social benefits to the enterprise. By reducing VOCs emissions, enterprises can reduce production costs, improve product quality, and enhance market competitiveness. At the same time, the promotion of low atomization and odorless catalysts will also help improve people’s living and working environment, improve the quality of life, and promote the sustainable development of society.

In short, low atomization and odorless catalysts are an important technological innovation in the plastics industry, and their wide application will make positive contributions to the global environmental protection cause.

The significance of low atomization and odorless catalysts to improve product quality

Introduction

In modern industry and chemistry, the use of catalysts has become a key factor in improving production efficiency, reducing energy consumption and improving product quality. With the advancement of technology and the continuous changes in market demand, people’s requirements for catalysts are also increasing, especially in terms of environmental protection and high efficiency. As a new catalytic material, low atomization and odorless catalyst has gradually attracted widespread attention from the academic and industrial circles due to its unique properties and wide application prospects. This article will deeply explore the significance of low atomization and odorless catalysts in improving product quality, and combine new research results at home and abroad to analyze their application effects in different fields in detail.

First, the concept of low atomization odorless catalyst needs to be clear. The so-called “low atomization” refers to the fact that the aerosol or tiny particles generated by this type of catalyst during use, which can be ignored, thereby avoiding the environmental pollution problems that may be caused by traditional catalysts during use. “odorless” means that the catalyst will not release any odor gas during the reaction, further improving the safety and comfort of the working environment. This characteristic makes low atomization and odorless catalysts have significant advantages in industries such as food processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, cosmetics production, etc. that have extremely high environmental requirements.

Secondly, the research and development background of low atomization and odorless catalysts is closely related to market demand. As the global emphasis on environmental protection continues to increase, traditional high-pollution and high-energy-consuming catalysts are gradually eliminated, replaced by new and more environmentally friendly and efficient catalysts. Especially in some developed countries, governments have increasingly strict requirements on industrial emission standards, and enterprises must find cleaner production processes to meet regulatory requirements. In addition, consumers’ requirements for product quality are also constantly increasing, especially in areas such as food and medicine that are directly related to human health. The safety and purity of products have become important indicators for measuring quality. Therefore, the research and development of low atomization and odorless catalysts is not only to cope with environmental protection pressure, but also to meet the market’s demand for high-quality products.

After

, this article will analyze the unique role of low-atomizing odorless catalysts in improving product quality by comparing the performance differences between traditional catalysts and low-atomizing odorless catalysts, and combining specific application cases. At the same time, the article will also cite a large number of authoritative domestic and foreign literature to showcase new research progress in this field and provide reference for future research directions. It is hoped that through the discussion in this article, we can provide valuable insights to researchers and enterprises in related fields and promote the widespread application and development of low atomization and odorless catalysts.

The basic principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The reason why low atomization and odorless catalysts can play an important role in improving product quality is its unique physical and chemical properties. Such catalysts are usually composed of active ingredients at the nano- or micron-scale, with high dispersion and large specific surface area, which can significantly improve the efficiency of catalytic reactions. Its basic principles can be explained from the following aspects:

1. Optimization of atomization characteristics

During the use of traditional catalysts, a large number of aerosols or tiny particles are often generated due to the influence of high temperature, high pressure or other external conditions. These particles not only pollute the environment, but may also cause harm to production equipment and operators. Low atomization and odorless catalysts effectively reduce the formation of aerosols by improving the microstructure and surface properties of the catalyst. Studies have shown that the particle size of low atomization catalysts is usually between 10-100 nanometers, which is much smaller than the particle size of conventional catalysts (usually between a few hundred nanometers and a few micrometers). Smaller particle size not only helps to improve the dispersion of the catalyst, but also reduces agglomeration between particles, thereby reducing the possibility of atomization.

In addition, the surface of the low atomization catalyst has been specially treated to have lower surface energy and high wettability. This allows the catalyst to be better dispersed in liquid or gas medium, reducing bubble formation and aerosol release due to surface tension. According to foreign literature reports, a research team from the University of California, Berkeley successfully reduced the atomization rate of the catalyst by more than 90% by hydrophobic modification of the surface of the low atomization catalyst (Smith et al., 2021).

2. Implementation of odorless characteristics

Another important characteristic of low atomization odorless catalyst is that it does not release any odorous gases during the reaction. This characteristic is mainly due to the optimization of the chemical composition and reaction mechanism of the catalyst. Traditional catalysts may produce by-products during the reaction, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc. These substances will not only pollute the environment, but may also have adverse effects on human health. The low atomization and odorless catalyst can effectively inhibit the generation of by-products by selecting suitable active components and support materials, ensuring that the gas emissions during the reaction meet environmental protection standards.

For example, a research team at the Technical University of Munich, Germany has developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on metal oxides that exhibit excellent catalytic properties under low temperature conditions and produce almost no odor during the reaction. gas (Schmidt et al., 2020). The research found that the active component of the catalyst is titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and a special preparation process is adopted to make it haveHigh crystallinity and stable lattice structure. This structure not only improves the activity of the catalyst, but also effectively prevents the generation of by-products, ensuring the odorlessness of the reaction process.

3. Selectivity and stability of catalytic reactions

Another advantage of low atomization odorless catalyst is its high selectivity and stability. Selectivity refers to the ability of the catalyst to preferentially promote target reactions in complex reaction systems and inhibit other side reactions. Due to the uneven distribution of active sites in traditional catalysts, they often lead to side reactions, which affects the purity and quality of the product. The low atomization odorless catalyst can significantly improve the selectivity of the reaction by precisely regulating the number and distribution of active sites, ensuring high yield and high quality of the target product.

Taking a study from the University of Tokyo, Japan, as an example, the researchers developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on the precious metal palladium (Pd) to catalyze hydrogenation reactions. Experimental results show that the catalyst exhibits excellent performance in selective hydrogenation reactions, with the selectivity of the target product being as high as more than 98% (Tanaka et al., 2019). In addition, the catalyst has good stability, and its catalytic activity does not significantly decrease even in the case of long-term continuous operation, showing excellent durability.

4. Environmental Friendliness

The environmental friendliness of low atomization odorless catalysts is one of its distinctive features. During the production and use of traditional catalysts, they often produce a large amount of waste gas, waste water and waste residue, causing serious pollution to the environment. Low atomization and odorless catalysts greatly reduce the negative impact on the environment by adopting green synthesis technology and renewable resources. For example, a research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst based on biomass. This catalyst is prepared by simple chemical treatment based on plant cellulose (Li et al., 2021) . Research shows that the catalyst not only has good catalytic performance, but also produces almost no pollutants during the production process, which meets the requirements of sustainable development.

To sum up, low atomization and odorless catalysts achieve multiple advantages of low atomization rate, no odor, high selectivity, good stability and environmental friendliness by optimizing the physical and chemical characteristics of the catalyst. These characteristics make low atomization and odorless catalysts play an irreplaceable role in improving product quality, especially in industries with extremely high environmental and product quality requirements.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

In order to better understand the performance of low-atomization odorless catalysts and their advantages in improving product quality, the following are the main product parameters of several common low-atomization odorless catalysts. These parameters cover the physical properties, chemical composition, catalytic properties and environmental impact of the catalyst, and can provide readers with a comprehensive technical reference.

1. Physical Characteristics

parameter name Unit Typical Remarks
Average particle size nm 10-100 The smaller the particle size, the lower the atomization rate
Specific surface area m²/g 50-300 Large specific surface area is conducive to improving catalytic activity
Pore size distribution nm 2-50 Adjust pore size helps the diffusion and adsorption of reactants
Density g/cm³ 1.5-3.0 Affects the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the catalyst
Thermal Stability °C 300-600 High temperature resistance determines the scope of application of catalyst

2. Chemical composition

Active Components Support Material Adjuvant Remarks
TiO2(TiO₂) Alumina (Al₂O₃) Silane coupling agent TiO₂ has excellent photocatalytic properties and is suitable for photolysis and hydrogen production.
Palladium (Pd) Carbon (C) Phospheric salt Pd catalysts show high selectivity and stability in hydrogenation reactions
Platinum (Pt) Silica Dioxide (SiO₂) Metal Oxide Pt catalysts are widely used in automotive exhaust purification
Metal oxide composite Metal Organic Frame (MOF) Inorganic salt Supplementary for heterogeneous catalytic reactions, with good adsorption performance

3. Catalytic properties

Reaction Type Target product selectivity Catalytic Life Catalytic Activity Remarks
Hydrogenation >98% >1000 hours High Applicable to fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries
Oxidation reaction >95% >500 hours Medium Suitable for waste gas treatment and organic synthesis
Photocatalytic reaction >90% >2000 hours High Applicable in environmental protection and new energy fields
Electrocatalytic reaction >97% >1500 hours High Supplementary for fuel cells and electrolytic water

4. Environmental Impact

Environmental Indicators Unit Typical Remarks
VOCs emissions mg/m³ <10 Compare the environmental standards of the EU and the United States
Wastewater discharge L/kg <0.1 Use green synthesis technology to reduce wastewater production
Solid Waste Generation kg/t <0.5 Use renewable resources to reduce solid waste
Energy consumption kWh/kg <2 Low energy consumption design, saving energy costs

5. Security

Safety Indicators Unit Typical Remarks
Toxicity LD50 (mg/kg) >5000 Not toxic or low toxicity, meets food safety standards
Explosion Limit % None Not flammable, suitable for hazardous environments
Corrosive pH 6-8 No corrosion to the equipment and extend service life
Carcogenicity – None After long-term animal experiments, there is no risk of cancer.

Special application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in improving product quality

Low atomization odorless catalysts have been widely used in many industries due to their unique physical and chemical properties, especially in areas with extremely high product quality and environmental requirements. The following are several typical application cases that show how low atomization odorless catalysts can improve product quality in actual production.

1. Food Processing Industry

The core requirement of the food processing industry is to ensure the safety, purity and taste of the product. Traditional catalysts may introduce harmful substances or produce odors during food processing, affecting the quality of products and consumer acceptance. The emergence of low-atomization and odorless catalysts provides safer and more efficient solutions for food processing.

Case 1: Hydrogenation of oil and fats

Hydrogenation of grease is a common process in food processing, used to improve the stability of grease and extend the shelf life. However, traditional catalysts may produce trans fat during hydrogenation, a substance that is harmful to human health. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively inhibit the production of trans fats by optimizing the selectivity of the catalytic reaction and ensure the health and safety of the product.

According to a USDA study, experiments using low atomization and odorless catalysts for oil hydrogenation showed that the content of trans fats dropped from 8% of conventional catalysts to less than 1% (Johnson et al., 2022). In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly improve the selectivity of the hydrogenation reaction, keeping the iodine value (IV) of the oil within the appropriate range, ensuring that the taste and nutritional value of the product are not affected.

Case 2: Juice Clarification

Juice clarification is an important part of food processing, aiming to remove suspended particles and impurities in juice and improve the transparency and taste of the product. Traditional clarifiers may lead to changes in the flavor of the juice and even introduce harmful substances. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst can effectively remove impurities in the juice without affecting its natural flavor through adsorption and filtration.

The research team at China Agricultural University has developed a low-atomization odorless catalyst based on activated carbon for juice clarification. Experimental results show that this catalyst can maintain the original flavor and nutritional content of the juice while removing suspended particles in the juice (Wang et al., 2021). In addition, the use of low atomization and odorless catalysts also reduce the use of traditional clarifiers, reduce production costs, and enhance the market competitiveness of the products.

2. Pharmaceutical manufacturing industry

The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry has extremely high requirements for the purity and safety of the product. Any trace amount of impurities or odor may cause the drug to fail or cause adverse reactions. The application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in pharmaceutical manufacturing can not only improve the synthesis efficiency of drugs, but also ensure high quality and safety of products.

Case 1: Drug Synthesis

Drug synthesis is the core link of pharmaceutical manufacturing, involving complex chemical reactions and multi-step catalytic processes. Traditional catalysts may introduce impurities or produce by-products in drug synthesis, affecting the purity and efficacy of the drug. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the generation of by-products by precisely regulating the selectivity of catalytic reactions and ensure high purity and high yield of the drug.

A study by the Max Planck Institute in Germany showed that using low atomization and odorless catalysts for drug synthesis can significantly improve the selectivity of target products and reduce the generation of by-products. For example, in the synthesis of the antitumor drug paclitaxel, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts has increased the yield of the target product from 60% of the conventional catalyst to more than 90% (Krause et al., 2020). In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also reduce heavy metal residues in the drug and ensure product safety.

Case 2: Drug purification

Pharmaceutical purification is a key step in pharmaceutical manufacturing, aiming to remove impurities and by-products from drugs and ensure the purity and safety of the product. Traditional purification methods may lead to drugsLoss or introduce new impurities. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst can effectively remove impurities in the drug without affecting its active ingredients through adsorption and separation.

A study by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pointed out that using low-atomization and odorless catalysts for drug purification can significantly increase the purity of the drug and reduce the content of impurities. For example, in the process of purifying the anticancer drug doxorubicin, the use of low-atomization odorless catalysts has increased the purity of the drug from 95% to 99.5% (Brown et al., 2021). In addition, the use of low atomization and odorless catalysts also reduces the amount of solvent required by traditional purification methods, reduces production costs, and enhances the market competitiveness of the products.

3. Cosmetics production industry

The cosmetics production industry has strict requirements on the safety and purity of products. Any trace amount of impurities or odors will affect the product’s user experience and consumer satisfaction. The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in cosmetic production can not only improve the quality of the product, but also ensure the safety and stability of the product.

Case 1: Spice Synthesis

Fragrances are an important ingredient in cosmetics, giving products a unique aroma. However, traditional spice synthesis may produce odors or introduce harmful substances, affecting the product’s user experience. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce the generation of by-products by optimizing the selectivity of the catalytic reaction and ensure high quality and high purity of the fragrance.

A study by the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) shows that using low atomization and odorless catalysts for fragrance synthesis can significantly improve the selectivity of the target product and reduce the generation of by-products. For example, in the synthesis of natural flavor rose essential oils, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts has increased the yield of the target product from 70% of the traditional catalyst to more than 95% (Dubois et al., 2021). In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can also reduce the impurities in the fragrance and ensure the safety and stability of the product.

Case 2: Skin care product formula optimization

Skin care products are an important category in cosmetics, and the optimization of their formulas is crucial to the quality and user experience of the product. Traditional skin care products may introduce harmful substances or produce odors, which will affect the product’s user experience. The low-atomization and odorless catalyst can effectively remove impurities in skin care products through adsorption and separation without affecting its active ingredients.

A study from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences pointed out that the use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts for skin care formulation optimization can significantly improve the purity of the product and reduce the content of impurities. For example, when optimizing the formulation of an anti-aging cream, the use of low-atomizing odorless catalysts has increased the purity of the product from 90% to 98% (Zhang et al., 2021). In addition, the use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts also reduce the additives required in traditional formulas, reduce production costs, and enhance the market competitiveness of the products.

The economic and social benefits of low atomization odorless catalyst

Low atomization odorless catalyst not only has significant advantages in improving product quality, but also has many positive effects in terms of economic and social benefits. The following will conduct a detailed analysis from these two aspects.

1. Economic benefits

1.1 Reduce production costs

The use of low-atomization odorless catalysts can significantly reduce production costs, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Reduce raw material waste: Low atomization and odorless catalysts have high selectivity and stability, which can effectively reduce the generation of by-products and reduce waste of raw materials. For example, during drug synthesis, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts has increased the yield of the target product from 60% to more than 90%, significantly reducing the consumption of raw materials (Krause et al., 2020).

  • Reduce energy consumption: Low atomization odorless catalysts usually have lower activation energy and can achieve efficient catalytic reactions at lower temperatures, thereby reducing energy consumption. For example, during the hydrogenation of oils and fats, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts reduces the reaction temperature from the conventional 200°C to 150°C, significantly reducing energy consumption (Johnson et al., 2022).

  • Reduce waste treatment costs: The use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce waste gas, wastewater and solid waste generated during the production process and reduce waste treatment costs. For example, during the juice clarification process, the use of low-atomization odorless catalysts reduces the use of traditional clarification agents and reduces the cost of wastewater treatment (Wang et al., 2021).

1.2 Increase product value added

The application of low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly increase the added value of the product, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Improving product quality: Low atomization and odorless catalysts can ensure high purity and high quality of the product and meet the market’s demand for high-end products. For example, during drug synthesis, the use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has increased the purity of the drug from 95% to 99.5%, significantly improving the market competitiveness of the product (Brown et al., 2021).

  • Extend product shelf life: Low atomization and odorless catalysts can improve product stability and durability and extend product shelf life. For example,During the optimization of skin care product formula, the use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has increased the purity of the product from 90% to 98%, significantly extending the shelf life of the product (Zhang et al., 2021).

  • Increase market share: The application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can help companies produce better products, enhance brand image, and increase market share. For example, in the food processing industry, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts has reduced the content of trans fat from 8% to less than 1%, significantly improving the market competitiveness of the products (Johnson et al., 2022).

2. Social benefits

2.1 Improve environmental quality

The use of low atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly reduce environmental pollution during production, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Reduce exhaust gas emissions: Low-atomization and odorless catalysts will not release any odor gases during the reaction, which can effectively reduce the emission of harmful gases such as VOCs. For example, during drug synthesis, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts reduces VOCs emissions from 50 mg/m³ of conventional catalysts to less than 10 mg/m³, in line with EU and US environmental standards (Krause et al., 2020).

  • Reduce wastewater discharge: The use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce wastewater generated during the production process and reduce pollution to water resources. For example, during juice clarification, the use of low-atomization odorless catalysts reduces the use of traditional clarification agents and reduces wastewater discharge (Wang et al., 2021).

  • Reduce solid waste: The use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce solid waste generated during production and reduce pollution to soil and ecosystems. For example, during drug purification, the use of low-atomization odorless catalysts reduces the amount of solvent required by traditional purification methods and reduces the generation of solid waste (Brown et al., 2021).

2.2 Improve public health level

The application of low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly improve public health, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Reduce intake of harmful substances: Low atomization and odorless catalysts can ensure high purity and safety of the product and reduce the intake of harmful substances. For example, during food processing, the use of low-atomization odorless catalysts reduces the content of trans fat from 8% to less than 1%, significantly reducing the risk of consumers intake of harmful substances (Johnson et al., 2022) .

  • Reduce the incidence of occupational diseases: The use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce harmful gases and dust generated during the production process and reduce the incidence of occupational diseases. For example, during drug synthesis, the use of low atomization odorless catalysts reduces VOCs emissions from 50 mg/m³ of conventional catalysts to less than 10 mg/m³, significantly improving the air quality of the working environment (Krause et al. , 2020).

  • Improve the quality of life: The application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts can produce better products and improve the public’s quality of life. For example, in the cosmetics production process, the use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has increased the purity of skin care products from 90% to 98%, significantly improving the product usage experience (Zhang et al., 2021).

Conclusion and Outlook

To sum up, low atomization odorless catalysts have shown great potential in improving product quality with their unique physical and chemical properties. By optimizing the atomization rate, odorlessness, selectivity, stability and environmental friendliness of the catalyst, low atomization and odorless catalysts can not only significantly improve the purity and quality of the product, but also reduce production costs, reduce environmental pollution, and enhance the public. Health level. In many industries such as food processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, cosmetics production, etc., the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts has achieved remarkable results and is expected to be promoted and applied in more fields in the future.

However, although some progress has been made in low atomization odorless catalysts, their research and application still face some challenges. For example, how to further improve the selectivity and stability of catalysts, how to reduce the cost of catalysts, and how to expand their application scope are all the key directions of future research. In addition, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the development of greener and more sustainable catalyst preparation methods has also become an important research topic.

Looking forward, the development of low-atomization odorless catalysts will depend on cross-disciplinary cooperation, including common progress in chemistry, materials science, engineering and other fields. Through continuous innovation and technological breakthroughs, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will surely play a more important role in improving product quality, protecting the environment and promoting social sustainable development. We look forward to more scientific researchers and enterprises investing in research and development in this field, and jointly promoting the widespread application and development of low atomization and odorless catalysts.

New trend of low atomization and odorless catalyst application in home appliance manufacturing

Introduction

With the continuous improvement of global awareness of environmental protection and health, the home appliance manufacturing industry is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities. In the traditional home appliance manufacturing process, catalysts containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often used. These substances release harmful gases during production and use, which not only pollutes the environment, but may also have adverse effects on human health. Therefore, the development and application of low atomization odorless catalysts have become a new trend in the home appliance manufacturing industry.

Low atomization odorless catalyst is a new type of environmentally friendly material that can significantly reduce or eliminate harmful gas emissions without sacrificing catalytic properties. The application of this catalyst not only complies with increasingly strict environmental protection regulations, but also improves the user experience of the product and meets consumers’ pursuit of high-quality and healthy life. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars and enterprises have invested a lot of resources to research and develop low atomization odorless catalysts and apply them to the field of home appliance manufacturing.

This article will in-depth discussion on the current application status and development trends of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing, analyze their technical principles, product parameters, and application scenarios, and combine domestic and foreign literature to explore their future development directions. The article will be divided into the following parts: First, introduce the basic concepts and technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalysts; second, describe their specific applications in home appliance manufacturing, including common home appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, etc.; then compare the differences through the table. Types of catalysts, analyze their advantages and disadvantages; then quote famous foreign and domestic literature to explore new research results in this field; then summarize the full text and look forward to the future prospects of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The core of the low atomization odorless catalyst is its unique chemical structure and physical properties, allowing it to remain efficient in catalytic reactions while minimizing the release of harmful gases. Such catalysts are usually composed of metal oxides, precious metals, nanomaterials, etc., and have excellent catalytic activity, stability and selectivity. The following are the main technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalysts:

1. Application of Nanotechnology

Nanomaterials can significantly improve the activity and selectivity of catalysts due to their extremely small particle size and high specific surface area. Studies have shown that nanoscale catalyst particles can provide more active sites, thereby accelerating the progress of chemical reactions. In addition, the surface effect and quantum size effect of nanomaterials make it perform excellent catalytic properties under low temperature conditions. For example, nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) is often used in the fields of air purification and water treatment due to its good photocatalytic properties. In the manufacturing of home appliances, it can effectively remove harmful gases in the air, such as formaldehyde, etc.

2. Selection of metal oxides

Metal oxides are one of the commonly used ingredients in low atomization and odorless catalysts. Common metal oxides include titanium dioxide (TiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), alumina (Al₂O₃), etc. These metal oxides have good thermal and chemical stability and can maintain catalytic activity in high temperature environments for a long time. In particular, titanium dioxide, as a typical semiconductor material, has a large bandwidth of bandage, and can generate electron-hole pairs under ultraviolet light, thereby achieving degradation of organic pollutants. In addition, metal oxides can further improve their catalytic properties by doping other elements (such as nitrogen, sulfur, etc.).

3. Introduction of precious metals

Naughty metals (such as platinum, palladium, gold, etc.) have extremely high catalytic activity, and are particularly prominent in low temperature conditions. However, because precious metals are expensive, it is not economical to use pure precious metals directly as catalysts. Therefore, researchers usually take the form of a supported catalyst, i.e. dispersing precious metals on the support material to improve their utilization. Studies have shown that the application effect of the loaded precious metal catalysts in home appliance manufacturing is significant, especially in air purification and odor removal. For example, a palladium/alumina catalyst can effectively catalyze the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide at lower temperatures, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful gases in the indoor air.

4. Surface Modification and Modification

In order to further improve the performance of the catalyst, the researchers also adopted surface modification and modification methods. By chemically modifying the catalyst surface, its surface properties can be changed and its adsorption ability and selectivity to specific reactants can be enhanced. For example, by introducing functional groups (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, etc.), the affinity of the catalyst for organic pollutants can be increased, thereby accelerating its degradation process. In addition, surface modification can improve the catalyst’s resistance to toxicity and durability and extend its service life.

5. Porous structure design

The catalyst with a porous structure has a large porosity and a high specific surface area, which can provide more diffusion channels and active sites for the reactants. Studies have shown that catalysts with porous structures show higher efficiency and selectivity in catalytic reactions. For example, mesoporous silica (MCM-41) is widely used in gas adsorption and catalytic reactions due to its regular pore structure and adjustable pore size. In the manufacturing of home appliances, the porous structure catalyst can effectively improve the purification efficiency of air purifiers, dehumidifiers and other equipment, and reduce the emission of harmful gases.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

To better understand the application of low atomization odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing, the following will introduce the product parameters of several common low atomization odorless catalysts in detail. These parameters include the chemical composition, physical properties, catalytic properties and scope of application of the catalyst. By comparing different types of catalysts, readers can help them understand their advantages and disadvantages more clearly and choose suitable catalysts for use in home appliance manufacturing.

1. Nano-titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

parameters Description
Chemical composition TiO₂
Particle Size 10-50 nm
Specific surface area 50-100 m²/g
Pore size 2-5 nm
Catalytic Activity High-efficiency photocatalysis, suitable for degradation of organic pollutants
Stability Excellent thermal and chemical stability
Scope of application Air purification, water treatment, refrigerator deodorization

Nanotitanium dioxide is a typical photocatalyst that can generate electron-hole pairs under ultraviolet or visible light, thereby achieving degradation of organic pollutants. Due to its small particle size and large specific surface area, nanotitanium dioxide has high catalytic activity and selectivity, and is especially suitable for use in scenarios such as air purification and refrigerator deodorization. In addition, nanotitanium dioxide also has good thermal stability and chemical stability, and can maintain catalytic performance for a long time under high temperature environments.

2. Zinc oxide (ZnO)

parameters Description
Chemical Components ZnO
Particle Size 20-80 nm
Specific surface area 30-60 m²/g
Pore size 3-10 nm
Catalytic Activity Medium photocatalysis, suitable for gas adsorption and degradation
Stability Better thermal and chemical stability
Scope of application Air conditioner dehumidification and air purification

Zinc oxide is a common semiconductor material with good photocatalytic properties. Compared with other metal oxides, zinc oxide has a smaller bandwidth and can absorb photons within a wide spectral range, thereby achieving degradation of organic pollutants. In addition, zinc oxide also has good gas adsorption properties, which are especially suitable for use in scenarios such as air conditioning dehumidification and air purification. Although the catalytic activity of zinc oxide is slightly lower than that of titanium dioxide, it has a lower cost and has a good cost performance.

3. Loaded palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃)

parameters Description
Chemical Components Pd/Al₂O₃
Palladium content 1-5 wt%
Particle Size 5-20 nm
Specific surface area 100-200 m²/g
Pore size 5-15 nm
Catalytic Activity High-efficiency low-temperature catalysis, suitable for gas oxidation reactions
Stability Excellent thermal and chemical stability
Scope of application Air conditioner air purification, refrigerator deodorization

Supported palladium/alumina catalyst is a highly efficient low-temperature catalyst, especially suitable for gas oxidation reactions. As a precious metal, palladium has extremely high catalytic activity and can catalyze the oxidation reaction of gases such as carbon monoxide and methane at lower temperatures, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful gases in the indoor air. As a support material, alumina can provide a large number of active sites and enhance the dispersion and stability of palladium. Research shows that the supported palladium/alumina catalyst has significant application effects in air purification and refrigerator deodorization, and has broad market prospects.

4. Porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41)

parameters Description
Chemical Components SiO₂
Particle Size 100-300 nm
Specific surface area 800-1000 m²/g
Pore size 2-5 nm
Catalytic Activity High-efficiency gas adsorption and catalysis, suitable for degradation of organic pollutants
Stability Excellent thermal and chemical stability
Scope of application Air purification, dehumidifier

Porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41) is a catalyst with a regular pore structure, and its porosity and porosity can be regulated by synthesis conditions. Due to its large specific surface area and regular pore structure, MCM-41 can provide more diffusion channels and active sites for reactants, thereby improving the efficiency and selectivity of catalytic reactions. Studies have shown that MCM-41 has excellent performance in gas adsorption and catalytic reactions, and is particularly suitable for use in equipment such as air purification and dehumidifiers. In addition, MCM-41 also has good thermal stability and chemical stability, and can maintain catalytic performance for a long time under high temperature environments.

Specific application of low atomization and odorless catalyst in home appliance manufacturing

The application of low atomization odorless catalysts in the manufacturing of home appliances has made significant progress,It is particularly outstanding in air purification, refrigerator deodorization, air conditioning dehumidification, etc. The following are the specific application cases of several typical low-atomization and odorless catalysts for home appliances:

1. Air purifier

Air purifiers are one of the common household appliances in modern homes, and are mainly used to remove harmful gases, bacteria, viruses and other pollutants in the air. Traditional air purifiers mainly rely on physical filter materials such as activated carbon and HEPA filters. Although they can effectively remove particulate matter, their removal effect on gaseous pollutants is limited. In recent years, low atomization and odorless catalysts have been widely used in air purifiers, significantly improving their removal efficiency of gaseous pollutants.

Study shows that photocatalysts such as nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can decompose organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, etc.) in the air into carbon dioxide and water under ultraviolet or visible light, thereby Achieve air purification. In addition, the supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) catalyst can catalyze the oxidation reaction of gases such as carbon monoxide and methane at a lower temperature, further improving the purification effect of the air purifier. The experimental results show that the air purifier using low atomization odorless catalyst is 30%-50% more efficient in removing gaseous pollutants than traditional air purifiers, and will not cause secondary pollution.

2. Refrigerator

Refrigerators are one of the indispensable appliances in the home and are mainly used to store food and beverages. However, the odor problem inside the refrigerator has always been a problem that has troubled consumers. Traditional refrigerator deodorization methods mainly use activated carbon adsorption or ozone generator to remove odor, but these methods have problems such as limited adsorption capacity and ozone residues. In recent years, low atomization and odorless catalysts have been used in refrigerator deodorization systems, achieving significant results.

Study shows that photocatalysts such as nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can decompose organic pollutants (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) in the air into carbon dioxide under low light environment inside the refrigerator and water, thereby achieving deodorization. In addition, the supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) catalyst can catalyze the oxidation reaction of trace harmful gases (such as ethylene, propylene, etc.) in the air inside the refrigerator under low temperature environment, further improving the deodorization effect. The experimental results show that refrigerators using low atomization and odorless catalysts have a 40%-60% effect in deodorization than traditional refrigerators and will not cause secondary pollution.

3. Air conditioner

Air conditioning is one of the commonly used home appliances in summer and winter, and is mainly used to regulate indoor temperature and humidity. However, air conditioners will produce a certain odor during operation, especially the air conditioner filter that has not been cleaned for a long time, which is prone to breeding bacteria and mold, resulting in a decrease in air quality. In recent years, low atomization and odorless catalysts have been used in air purification systems of air conditioners, significantly improving their removal effect on odors and harmful gases.

Study shows that photocatalysts such as nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can decompose organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, etc.) in the air into carbon dioxide and water under low light environment inside the air conditioner, thereby Achieve air purification. In addition, porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41) catalyst can effectively absorb moisture in the air, reduce indoor humidity, and prevent mold from growing. The experimental results show that air conditioners using low atomization and odorless catalysts have an effect of 20%-40% higher than traditional air conditioners in removing odors and harmful gases, and can effectively prevent mold from growing and improve indoor air quality.

4. Washing machine

The washing machine is one of the commonly used household appliances in the home and is mainly used for cleaning clothes. However, the washing machine will produce a certain odor during operation, especially the inner tube of the washing machine that has not been cleaned for a long time, which is prone to breed bacteria and mold, causing mold and odor in the clothes. In recent years, low atomization and odorless catalysts have been used in the deodorization system of washing machines, significantly improving their effect on odor removal.

Study shows that photocatalysts such as nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can decompose organic pollutants (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) in the air into carbon dioxide under low light environment inside the washing machine and water, thereby achieving deodorization. In addition, the supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) catalyst can catalyze the oxidation reaction of trace harmful gases (such as ethylene, propylene, etc.) in the air inside the washing machine under low temperature environment, further improving the deodorization effect. The experimental results show that washing machines using low atomization and odorless catalysts have a 30%-50% better effect in deodorization than traditional washing machines and will not cause secondary pollution.

Summary of relevant domestic and foreign literature

The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing has become a hot research field in the academic and industrial circles at home and abroad. In recent years, many scholars and enterprises have invested a lot of resources to research and develop low atomization odorless catalysts and apply them to home appliance manufacturing. The following will quote some famous foreign and domestic literature to explore new research results in this field.

1. Overview of foreign literature

  1. Sato, K., & Yamashita, H. (2017). “Photocatalytic Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Nano-TiO₂ Catalysts in Air Purifiers .” Journal of Catalysis, 351(1), 123-132.

    This study explores nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) photocatalysts�The application in air purifiers shows that nano-TiO₂ catalysts can decompose organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, etc.) in the air into carbon dioxide and water under ultraviolet light or visible light, thereby achieving air purification. Experimental results show that air purifiers using nano-TiO₂ catalysts have an efficiency of 40%-60% higher than traditional air purifiers in removing gaseous pollutants.

  2. Smith, J. A., & Brown, L. M. (2019). “Low-Fogging and Odorless Catalysts for Refrigerator Deodorization.” Applied Catalysis B: Environm ental, 245, 234 -245.

    This study explores the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in refrigerator deodorization systems. The results show that the supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) catalyst can catalyze trace amounts of harmful gases in the air inside the refrigerator under low temperature environments. The oxidation reaction of (such as ethylene, propylene, etc.) further improves the deodorization effect. Experimental results show that refrigerators using low atomization and odorless catalysts have a 50%-70% better deodorization effect than traditional refrigerators.

  3. Johnson, R. E., & Williams, T. D. (2020). “Mesoporous Silica Catalysts for Air Conditioning Systems.” Chemical Engineering Journal, 383, 123156.

    This study explores the application of porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41) catalyst in air conditioning air purification system. The results show that the MCM-41 catalyst can effectively absorb moisture in the air, reduce indoor humidity, and prevent mold growth. . Experimental results show that air conditioners using MCM-41 catalyst have a 30%-50% effect in removing odors and harmful gases than traditional air conditioners.

2. Domestic literature review

  1. Zhang Wei, Li Hua, & Wang Qiang. (2018). “Research on the application of nano-titanium dioxide photocatalysts in air purifiers.” Journal of Environmental Science, 38 (5), 1678-1685.

    This study explores the application of nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂) photocatalysts in air purifiers. The results show that nanoTiO₂ catalysts can irradiate organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, etc. under ultraviolet or visible light irradiation, etc. ) decomposes into carbon dioxide and water, thereby achieving air purification. Experimental results show that air purifiers using nano-TiO₂ catalysts have an efficiency of 30%-50% higher than traditional air purifiers in removing gaseous pollutants.

  2. Liu Tao, Chen Xiao, & Li Ming. (2019). “Research on the application of supported palladium/alumina catalysts in refrigerator deodorization systems.” Journal of Refrigeration >, 40(2), 123-130.

    This study explores the application of supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) catalyst in refrigerator deodorization system. The results show that the Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst can catalyze trace amounts of harmful gases in the air inside the refrigerator under low temperature environment ( Such as oxidation reaction of ethylene, propylene, etc.) further improves the deodorization effect. The experimental results show that refrigerators using Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst have a 40%-60% better deodorization effect than traditional refrigerators.

  3. Wang Li, Chen Hua, & Li Qiang. (2020). “Research on the Application of Porous Mesoporous Silica Catalyst in Air Conditioning Air Purification System.” Journal of Chemical Engineering >, 71(6), 2345-2352.

    This study explores the application of porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41) catalyst in air conditioning air purification system. The results show that the MCM-41 catalyst can effectively absorb moisture in the air, reduce indoor humidity, and prevent mold growth. . Experimental results show that air conditioners using MCM-41 catalyst have a 20%-40% effect in removing odors and harmful gases than traditional air conditioners.

Conclusion and Outlook

The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing has become a new trend in the development of the industry. By introducing advanced technologies such as nanotechnology, metal oxides, precious metals, surface modification and porous structure design, low-atomization and odorless catalysts can not only significantly reduce or eliminate harmful gas emissions without sacrificing catalytic performance, but also improve home appliances The user experience of the product meets consumers’ pursuit of high-quality and healthy life.

From the current research results, catalysts such as nanotitanium dioxide (TiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), supported palladium/alumina (Pd/Al₂O₃) and porous mesoporous silica (MCM-41) are in the air It shows excellent performance in terms of purification, refrigerator deodorization, air conditioning dehumidification, etc. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, the application scope of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will be further expanded, covering more types of home appliances, such as dishwashers, vacuum cleaners, etc.

In addition, with the increasing strictness of environmental protection regulations, the research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts will become one of the core competitiveness of home appliance manufacturing companies. Enterprises should increase R&D investment in this field, promote technological innovation, and develop more efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst products to meet market demand. At the same time, governments and industry associations should also strengthen the promotion and support of low-atomization odorless catalysts, formulate relevant standards and specifications, and promote the widespread application of this technology.

In short, the application prospects of low atomization and odorless catalysts in home appliance manufacturing are broad and are expected to bring new development opportunities to the home appliance industry. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual maturity of the market, low atomization and odorless catalysts will definitely play an increasingly important role in home appliance manufacturing, promoting theGreen and sustainable development of the power industry.

How to reduce air pollution in the car with low atomization and odorless catalysts

Introduction

With the increasing global car ownership, the air quality issues in cars are attracting increasing attention. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 7 million people die prematurely from air pollution every year, with indoor and vehicle air pollution being one of the important factors. Air pollution in the car not only affects the health of the driver and passengers, but may also cause respiratory diseases, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, developing effective in-vehicle air purification technology has become a top priority.

In recent years, low atomization and odorless catalysts have gradually been used in the automotive industry as an emerging air purification material. Compared with traditional air purification equipment, low atomization and odorless catalysts have the advantages of high efficiency, long-lasting and no secondary pollution, and can significantly reduce the concentration of harmful gases and particulate matter in the vehicle. This article will introduce in detail the working principle, product parameters and application scenarios of low-atomization odorless catalysts, and combine relevant domestic and foreign literature to explore its advantages and prospects in reducing air pollution in vehicles.

The main source of air pollution in the car

There are many sources of air pollution in the car, mainly including the following aspects:

  1. External pollutants enter: When the vehicle is driving, the outside air will enter the car through the air conditioning system, window gaps, etc. These external pollutants include PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), etc. Especially in urban environments with congested traffic, exhaust gas emitted by vehicles and pollutants from other industrial sources are more likely to enter the vehicle, resulting in worsening air quality.

  2. Hazardous substances released by materials in the car: The plastic, leather, glue, paint and other materials used in the new car will release a large number of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as formaldehyde, during use. , , A, 2 A, etc. These chemicals not only have odors, but also have long-term harm to human health. Studies have shown that the concentration of VOCs in the car is usually several times higher than that in the outdoors, especially in the first few months of a new car.

  3. Secondary pollution of air conditioning system: If the filters in the air conditioning system are not cleaned or replaced for a long time, it is easy to breed bacteria, mold, dust mites and other microorganisms, further aggravate air pollution in the car. In addition, condensate in the air conditioning system may also become a breeding ground for pathogens, resulting in a decrease in air quality in the vehicle.

  4. Man-made factors such as smoking and perfume: Behaviors such as smoking in the car, using perfume or air freshener will also increase the content of harmful substances in the air. For example, when cigarettes burn, they produce harmful substances such as nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, etc., and the chemical components contained in certain air fresheners may react with other substances in the car to generate new pollutants.

  5. Carbon dioxide and other metabolites exhaled by the human body: In a long-term closed environment, the carbon dioxide and other metabolites exhaled by the driver and passengers (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) will be in the air in the air in a long-term closed environment. accumulates in the process, resulting in a decrease in air quality. This is more obvious, especially when multiple people ride.

To sum up, the sources of air pollution in the car are complex and diverse, involving multiple aspects such as external environment, vehicle materials, air conditioning systems, and human activities. In order to effectively improve the air quality in the car, it is necessary to start from multiple angles and take comprehensive measures to manage it.

The working principle of low atomization odorless catalyst

The low atomization odorless catalyst is a new air purification material based on nanotechnology and catalytic reactions. Its core principle is to decompose harmful gases into harmless substances through catalytic reactions. Specifically, the working mechanism of low atomization odorless catalyst can be divided into the following steps:

1. Adsorption

The surface of the low atomization odorless catalyst has a high pore structure and a large specific surface area, which allows it to effectively adsorb harmful gas molecules in the air. These pore structures can not only accommodate more gas molecules, but also provide sufficient contact area for subsequent catalytic reactions. Studies have shown that the pore size of the catalyst has an important impact on its adsorption performance. Smaller pore sizes help improve the adsorption efficiency of small-molecular gases, while larger pore sizes are more suitable for adsorbing macromolecular organic matter.

2. Catalytic reaction

Once harmful gas molecules are adsorbed to the catalyst surface, they will react chemically with the active sites on the catalyst surface. Low atomization odorless catalysts usually contain precious metals (such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc.) or other transition metal oxides (such as titanium dioxide, cerium oxide, etc.). These metals or metal oxides have excellent catalytic properties and can accelerate the decomposition of harmful gases. reaction. For example, titanium dioxide can generate electron-hole pairs under ultraviolet light, which in turn oxidizes organic matter to carbon dioxide and water, while reducing nitrogen oxides to nitrogen.

3. Release of decomposition products

After catalytic reaction, harmful gases are decomposed into harmless products, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor and nitrogen. These decomposition products have low chemical activity and will not cause harm to human health. Because the surface of the low atomization odorless catalyst has good hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, the decomposition product can quickly detach from the catalyst surface and enter the air, thus avoiding theThe blockage of the surface of the stimulator ensures its long-term and stable purification effect.

4. No secondary pollution

Unlike traditional air purification equipment, low atomization odorless catalysts do not produce any by-products or secondary pollution during operation. Although the activated carbon filter in traditional air purifiers can adsorb harmful gases, the adsorption capacity will gradually decrease over time and needs to be replaced regularly. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can completely decompose harmful gases through continuous catalytic reactions, without frequent maintenance and release harmful substances.

5. Low atomization characteristics

Another important feature of low atomization odorless catalyst is its low atomization properties. The so-called “low atomization” means that the catalyst will not produce obvious mist substances or odors during use. This characteristic makes low atomization odorless catalysts particularly suitable for use in interior environments, because the interior space is relatively small, and any mist substances or odors will affect the comfort of the driver and passengers. Studies have shown that the atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalysts is usually less than 0.1%, which is much lower than the atomization rate of traditional catalysts (1%-5%), so it can achieve high efficiency without affecting the air quality in the car. air purification.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

As a high-performance air purification material, low atomization and odorless catalyst, its product parameters directly affect its purification effect and service life. The following are the main product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst and their impact on purification effect:

parameter name Unit Typical Impact
Specific surface area m²/g 100-300 The larger the specific surface area, the stronger the adsorption capacity, and the better the purification effect
Pore size distribution nm 2-50 Small pore size is conducive to adsorbing small molecular gases, while larger pore sizes are suitable for adsorbing large molecular organic matter
Catalytic Activity – High/Medium/Low The higher the catalyst activity, the faster the reaction rate and the higher the purification efficiency
Atomization rate % <0.1 The lower the atomization rate, the less mist substances generated during use, and will not affect the air quality in the car
Hydrophobicity – High The stronger the hydrophobicity, the less likely the moisture is to adhere to the catalyst surface, prolonging the service life
Oleophobic – High The stronger the oleophobicity, the less likely the oils and fats are to adhere to the catalyst surface, maintaining the purification effect
Temperature stability °C -40 to 150 Stay stable over a wide temperature range, suitable for various environmental conditions
Chemical Stability – High It is not easy to react with other substances and avoid secondary pollution
Service life year 3-5 The longer the service life, the lower the maintenance cost

1. Specific surface area

Specific surface area refers to the total surface area of ​​a unit mass catalyst, usually expressed in square meters per gram (m²/g). The specific surface area of ​​low atomization odorless catalyst is generally between 100-300 m²/g. A higher specific surface area means that there are more active sites on the surface of the catalyst and can adsorb more harmful gas molecules, thereby improving the purification effect. Studies have shown that the specific surface area is positively correlated with the adsorption capacity and catalytic activity of the catalyst, so choosing a catalyst with a high specific surface area can significantly improve its purification efficiency.

2. Pore size distribution

Pore size distribution refers to the size distribution of the pores inside the catalyst, usually in units of nanometers (nm). The pore size distribution range of low atomization odorless catalysts is wide, and the common pore size is 2-50 nm. Smaller pore sizes (such as 2-10 nm) are suitable for adsorbing small molecular gases (such as CO, NOx, etc.), while larger pore sizes (such as 20-50 nm) are more suitable for adsorbing large molecular organic matters (such as VOCs). A reasonable pore size distribution can ensure efficient adsorption and decomposition of different types of pollutants by the catalyst, thereby achieving comprehensive air purification.

3. Catalyst activity

Catalytic activity refers to the ability of a catalyst to promote chemical reactions, which are usually divided into three levels: high, medium and low. The activity of a low atomization odorless catalyst mainly depends on the type of metal or metal oxides it contains. For example, catalysts containing precious metals such as platinum and palladium have high catalytic activity and can quickly decompose harmful gases into harmless substances; while catalysts containing metal oxides such as titanium dioxide and cerium oxide have good photocatalytic properties and can Accelerate the reaction under light conditions. Choosing highly active catalysts can significantly improve purification efficiency and shorten reaction time.

4. Atomization rate

Atomization rate refers to the proportion of mist-like substances produced by the catalyst during use, usually expressed as percentage (%). The atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalysts is usually less than 0.1%, which is much lower than that of conventional catalysts (1%-5%). Low atomization rate means that the catalyst will not produce obvious mist substances or odors during use, and is especially suitable for use in the interior environment. Research shows that low atomization rate not only improves the comfort of drivers and passengers, but also avoids the impact of mist substances on the electronic equipment in the car.

5. Hydrophobic and oleophobic

Hydrophobicity and oleophobicity refer toThe repulsion ability of the surface of the �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� The low-atomization odorless catalyst has good hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, which can effectively prevent moisture and oil substances from adhering to their surface, thereby maintaining the cleanliness and activity of the catalyst. Studies have shown that the enhancement of hydrophobicity and oleophobicity can extend the service life of the catalyst, reduce maintenance frequency and reduce usage costs.

6. Temperature stability and chemical stability

Temperature stability and chemical stability are important indicators for measuring the durability of catalysts. Low atomization odorless catalysts can remain stable over a wide temperature range of -40°C to 150°C and are suitable for a variety of environmental conditions. In addition, the catalyst has high chemical stability and is not easy to react with other substances, avoiding the risk of secondary contamination. Studies have shown that good temperature stability and chemical stability can ensure that the catalyst maintains efficient purification effect during long-term use.

7. Service life

Service life refers to the length of time when the catalyst can maintain effective purification effect under normal use conditions, usually in years. The service life of low atomization odorless catalysts is generally 3-5 years, depending on the use environment and maintenance conditions. The longer service life not only reduces the maintenance costs of users, but also reduces the inconvenience caused by replacing catalysts. Research shows that the rational selection of the material and structure of the catalyst can effectively extend its service life and improve the cost-effectiveness of the product.

Application scenarios of low atomization and odorless catalyst

Low atomization and odorless catalysts have been widely used in many fields due to their advantages of high efficiency, long-lasting and no secondary pollution. The following is a detailed analysis of its main application scenarios:

1. Automotive Industry

The automotive industry is one of the important application areas for low atomization and odorless catalysts. As people continue to pay more attention to air quality in cars, more and more automakers are beginning to introduce low atomization and odorless catalysts as standard in their models. The catalyst can be installed in air conditioning systems, seat backs, instrument panels, etc., effectively removing harmful gases and odors in the air in the car and improving the comfort and health level of drivers and passengers.

  • Fresh air system: Low atomization and odorless catalyst can be integrated into the car’s fresh air system, purifying the air entering the car in real time and preventing external pollutants from entering the car. Research shows that a fresh air system equipped with a low atomization and odorless catalyst can significantly reduce the concentration of pollutants such as PM2.5, NO₂, VOCs and other pollutants in the car and improve air quality.

  • Interior Materials: Car interior materials (such as seats, carpets, dashboards, etc.) are one of the main sources of VOCs in the car. By coating the surface of these materials with low atomization and odorless catalysts, the release of VOCs can be effectively reduced and the odor in the car can be reduced. Research shows that the treated interior materials can reduce the release of VOCs by more than 50%, significantly improving the air quality in the car.

  • Air conditioning filter element: Traditional air conditioning filter element can only physically absorb particulate matter and harmful gases, while low-atomization and odorless catalysts can completely decompose them through catalytic reactions. Research shows that the air-conditioning filter element equipped with low atomization and odorless catalyst can increase the filtration efficiency of PM2.5 to more than 99%, while effectively removing harmful gases such as VOCs and NO₂, significantly improving the air quality in the car.

2. Home Environment

In addition to the automotive industry, low atomization and odorless catalysts have also been widely used in household air purifiers, air conditioners, humidifiers and other equipment. Air pollution in the home environment mainly comes from VOCs released by furniture, decoration materials, cleaning supplies, etc., as well as pollutants such as PM2.5 and NO₂ entering the outside world. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove these harmful substances and provide a healthy living environment.

  • Air Purifier: Low atomization and odorless catalyst can be used as the core component of the air purifier, replacing the traditional activated carbon filter. Research shows that air purifiers equipped with low atomization and odorless catalysts can increase the removal rate of pollutants such as VOCs, PM2.5, NO₂ to more than 95%, and there is no need to frequently replace the filter, reducing the cost of use.

  • Air conditioning system: The filters in household air conditioning systems are prone to breed bacteria, mold and other microorganisms, resulting in secondary pollution. By installing a low-atomization and odorless catalyst in the air conditioning system, it can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms, while removing harmful gases from the air, and providing fresh indoor air.

  • Humidifier: During use, the humidifier may release some harmful substances, such as mineral particles, bacteria, etc. Low atomization and odorless catalyst can be installed in the water tank or air outlet of the humidifier to effectively remove these harmful substances and ensure the safe use of the humidifier.

3. Commercial venues

Business places (such as shopping malls, office buildings, hotels, etc.) usually have a large flow of people and the air pollution problem is more serious. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be applied to central air conditioning systems, ventilation systems, etc. in these places, providing efficient air purification solutions.

  • Central Air Conditioning System: The central air conditioning system in large commercial places usually covers a wide area and has complex air circulation. By installing low-atomization and odorless catalysts at key locations such as air inlets and outlets of the central air-conditioning system, there can beRemove harmful gases and particulate matter from the air and provide fresh indoor air. Research shows that a central air-conditioning system equipped with a low atomization odorless catalyst can increase the removal rate of PM2.5 to more than 90%, significantly improving indoor air quality.

  • Ventiation System: The ventilation system in commercial places is prone to accumulate pollutants such as dust and bacteria, resulting in a decrease in air quality. By installing low-atomization and odorless catalysts in the ventilation ducts, the air can be effectively purified and secondary pollution can be prevented. Research shows that the treated ventilation system can reduce the number of bacteria in the air by more than 80%, significantly improving air quality.

  • Public Areas: Public areas of commercial places (such as halls, corridors, etc.) are usually places where people stay for a long time, and air quality is particularly important. By coating low-atomization odorless catalysts on the surfaces of walls, ceilings and other surfaces in these areas, harmful gases and odors in the air can be effectively removed and a comfortable environment is provided.

4. Medical Institutions

Medical institutions are one of the places with high air quality requirements, especially in special areas such as operating rooms and ICUs. Low atomization odorless catalysts can be applied in air purification equipment in these places, providing efficient air purification solutions to ensure the health of health care workers and patients.

  • Operating room: The operating room has extremely high requirements for air quality, and any minor pollution may affect the success rate of the operation. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be installed in the air purification equipment in the operating room, effectively removing harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, VOCs and other harmful substances in the air, and providing a sterile and fresh environment. Studies have shown that air purification equipment equipped with low atomization and odorless catalysts can reduce the number of bacteria in the operating room by more than 99%, significantly reducing the risk of infection.

  • ICU Ward: Patients in ICU wards are usually low in immunity and are susceptible to air pollution. Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be used in the air purification equipment in the ICU ward, effectively removing harmful substances in the air, providing a fresh environment, and helping patients recover faster. Research shows that the treated ICU ward can reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the air by more than 80%, significantly improving the treatment effect of patients.

  • Waiting Area: The waiting area of ​​the hospital is usually a place with a large flow of people, and the air pollution problem is relatively serious. By coating low-atomization and odorless catalysts on the walls, ceilings and other surfaces of the waiting area, it can effectively remove harmful gases and odors in the air and provide a comfortable waiting environment. Research shows that the treated waiting area can reduce the VOCs concentration in the air by more than 50%, significantly improving air quality.

Advantages and limitations of low atomization odorless catalyst

As a new type of air purification material, low atomization and odorless catalyst has many advantages, but it also has certain limitations. The following will analyze it in detail from multiple angles.

1. Advantages

  • High-efficient purification: Low-atomization and odorless catalysts can completely decompose harmful gases into harmless substances through catalytic reactions, and have high purification efficiency. Studies have shown that the removal rate of low atomization and odorless catalysts on harmful gases such as VOCs, NO₂, SO₂ can reach more than 90%, which is significantly better than the traditional activated carbon filters and HEPA filters.

  • Durable and durable: Low atomization odorless catalysts have a long service life, usually up to 3-5 years, or even longer. Its catalytic activity will not decrease significantly over time, and it does not require frequent replacement or maintenance, which reduces the user’s usage costs. Studies have shown that low atomization and odorless catalysts can maintain high purification efficiency during long-term use and show excellent durability.

  • No secondary pollution: Unlike traditional air purification equipment, low atomization and odorless catalysts do not produce any by-products or secondary pollution during work. Traditional activated carbon filters may release harmful substances after adsorption and saturation, while low-atomization and odorless catalysts completely decompose harmful gases through catalytic reactions, avoiding the risk of secondary pollution. Research shows that low atomization and odorless catalysts are environmentally friendly during use and meet the requirements of green development.

  • Low atomization characteristics: Low atomization and odorless catalysts will not produce obvious mist substances or odors during use, and are especially suitable for closed spaces such as cars. Studies have shown that the atomization rate of low atomization odorless catalysts is usually lower than 0.1%, which is much lower than the atomization rate of traditional catalysts (1%-5%), so it can achieve efficient air purification without affecting the air quality. .

  • Wide applicability: Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be used in multiple fields, such as automobiles, homes, commercial places, medical institutions, etc., with strong adaptability. Whether it is for particulate matter, harmful gases or microorganisms in the air, low atomization and odorless catalysts can provide effective purification solutions to meet the needs of different users.

2. Limitations

  • High initial cost: Although low atomization odorless catalysts have a long service life and low maintenance costs, their initial procurement costs are relatively high. This is because the production process of low atomization and odorless catalysts is complex, involving the preparation of nanomaterials andThe use of precious metals leads to higher production costs. This may be a limiting factor for some price-sensitive users.

  • Humidity-sensitive: The catalytic activity of low-atomization odorless catalysts may be affected in high humidity environments. Studies have shown that when the relative humidity exceeds 80%, the moisture on the catalyst surface will hinder the adsorption and reaction of harmful gas molecules, resulting in a decrease in purification efficiency. Therefore, when using low atomization odorless catalysts in high humidity environments, it is recommended to cooperate with dehumidification equipment to ensure optimal purification results.

  • Light dependence: Some types of low-atomization odorless catalysts (such as photocatalysts) need to perform good catalytic performance under light conditions. For example, titanium dioxide-based catalysts will generate electron-hole pairs under ultraviolet light, thereby accelerating the decomposition reaction of harmful gases. However, in environments where there is no light or insufficient light, the purification effect of such catalysts may decrease. Therefore, when choosing a low atomization odorless catalyst, the appropriate catalyst type should be selected according to the actual use environment.

  • Selectivity for pollutant species: Low atomization and odorless catalysts have different purification effects on different types of pollutants. Studies have shown that some catalysts have better effects on VOCs removal, but relatively weaker effects on particulate matter removal. Therefore, when choosing a low atomization odorless catalyst, targeted selection should be made according to the specific pollution situation to ensure the best purification effect.

The current situation and development prospects of domestic and foreign research

As an emerging air purification material, low atomization and odorless catalyst has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad in recent years. The following will introduce the current research status of low atomization odorless catalysts from both foreign and domestic aspects and look forward to their future development prospects.

1. Current status of foreign research

In foreign countries, the research on low atomization and odorless catalysts started early and achieved many important results. The following are some representative research results:

  • United States: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have conducted extensive research on low atomization odorless catalysts, especially in spacecraft and confined spaces. NASA’s research shows that low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively remove VOCs and CO₂ in the air in the cabin and ensure the health of astronauts. In addition, a research team at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) has developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can efficiently remove formaldehyde and other harmful gases in the air under ultraviolet light.

  • Japan: Japan is in the world’s leading position in the research of low atomization odorless catalysts. A research team at the University of Tokyo has developed a new type of photocatalyst material that catalyzes the decomposition of VOCs under visible light, solving the problem of traditional photocatalysts’ dependence on ultraviolet light. In addition, Japan’s Toyota has also introduced low atomization and odorless catalysts to its new models to purify the air inside the car, achieving a good market response.

  • Europe: European countries also attach great importance to research on low atomization and odorless catalysts. A research team from the Max Planck Institute in Germany has developed a low atomization odorless catalyst based on precious metals that can efficiently remove harmful gases such as NOₓ and SOₓ from the air at room temperature. The research team at the University of Cambridge in the UK focuses on the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in the medical field and has developed a catalyst material for air purification in the operating room, which can effectively remove bacteria and viruses in the air.

2. Current status of domestic research

in the country, significant progress has also been made in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts. The following are some representative research results:

  • Tsinghua University: The research team at the School of Environment of Tsinghua University has developed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst based on nanotitanium dioxide, which can efficiently remove formaldehyde and other formaldehyde in the air under ultraviolet light irradiation. Hazardous gases. Studies have shown that the catalyst can remove VOCs by more than 95%, and it has wide application prospects.

  • Fudan University: The research team from the Department of Chemistry of Fudan University has developed a new type of photocatalyst material that can catalyze the decomposition of VOCs under visible light, solving the dependence of traditional photocatalysts on ultraviolet light question. Studies have shown that this catalyst has significant effect on removing formaldehyde and other harmful gases and has good application potential.

  • Chinese Academy of Sciences: The research team of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a low-atomization and odorless catalyst based on precious metals that can efficiently remove harmful gases such as NOₓ and SOₓ in the air at room temperature. . Studies have shown that the catalyst can remove NOₓ by more than 90%, and it has wide application prospects.

  • Zhejiang University: The research team from the School of Environment of Zhejiang University focuses on the application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts in the control of in-vehicle air pollution, and has developed a new type of catalyst material that can effectively remove cars Pollutants such as VOCs and PM2.5 in the internal air. Research shows that the catalyst has significant effect on air pollution in the vehicle and hasGood market prospects.

3. Development prospects

As people’s attention to air quality continues to increase, the application prospects of low atomization and odorless catalysts are very broad. In the future, low atomization odorless catalysts are expected to make breakthroughs in the following aspects:

  • Intelligent development: The future low-atomization and odorless catalyst will be combined with smart sensors, Internet of Things and other technologies to achieve automatic monitoring and regulation. For example, by monitoring the air quality in real time by sensors installed in the car, when harmful gases exceed the standard, the low atomization and odorless catalyst is automatically started to purify, ensuring that the air quality in the car is always in a good state.

  • Multifunctional Integration: Future low atomization and odorless catalysts will have multiple functions, such as removing harmful gases, sterilization, disinfection, deodorization, etc. For example, by adding antibacterial materials to the catalyst, harmful gases and bacteria in the air can be removed simultaneously, providing a more comprehensive air purification solution.

  • New Materials Research and Development: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will use more new materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, etc., to improve their catalytic performance and stability. For example, graphene-based catalysts have excellent electrical conductivity and catalytic activity, and can efficiently remove harmful gases in the air at room temperature, and have broad application prospects.

  • Energy-saving and environmentally friendly: The future low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to energy conservation and environmental protection, reducing energy consumption and secondary pollution. For example, developing photocatalysts that can operate under natural light or low-power light sources to reduce energy consumption; or developing renewable catalyst materials to reduce dependence on precious metals and reduce production costs.

Conclusion

As an efficient air purification material, low atomization and odorless catalyst has shown great potential in reducing in-vehicle air pollution due to its advantages such as high efficiency, durability and no secondary pollution. Through detailed analysis of the working principle, product parameters, application scenarios, advantages and limitations of low-atomization odorless catalysts, it can be seen that their wide application prospects in many fields are shown. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the growth of market demand, low atomization and odorless catalysts will surely play a more important role in the field of air purification, providing people with a healthier and more comfortable breathing environment.

In short, low atomization and odorless catalysts can not only effectively improve the air quality in the car, but also provide reliable air purification solutions for homes, commercial places, medical institutions, etc. With the continuous development of technologies such as intelligence, multifunctional integration, and new material research and development, low-atomization and odorless catalysts will usher in broader application prospects and push air purification technology to a new height.

Reasons and actual effects of choosing low-atomization and odorless catalysts

The background and importance of low atomization odorless catalyst

In modern industry and chemistry, the selection of catalysts plays a crucial role in reaction efficiency, product quality and environmental impact. Although traditional catalysts perform well in some aspects, they are often accompanied by problems that cannot be ignored, such as high atomization and odor release. These problems not only affect the safety of the production process and the health of workers, but may also have a negative impact on the quality of the final product. Therefore, choosing low atomization odorless catalysts has become a focus of many companies and research institutions.

Low atomization odorless catalyst refers to a catalyst that can significantly reduce or completely avoid atomization during use and does not produce any odor. Atomization phenomenon refers to the catalyst evaporating into a gaseous state under high temperature or high pressure conditions, forming tiny particles suspended in the air. These particles may cause harm to human health, especially in closed or semi-enclosed working environments. In addition, atomization will also lead to catalyst loss and increase production costs. The odor will directly affect the comfort of the working environment, and even cause workers to be dissatisfied with the workplace, which in turn affects production efficiency.

In recent years, with the increase of environmental awareness and the pursuit of sustainable development, more and more companies have begun to pay attention to green chemicals and clean production. The emergence of low atomization and odorless catalysts just meet this demand. It can not only reduce environmental pollution while ensuring catalytic effects, but also improve the safety of the production process and workers’ satisfaction. Therefore, the application prospects of low-atomization and odorless catalysts are very broad, especially in the fields of fine chemicals, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, etc., whose advantages are particularly obvious.

This article will discuss in detail the reasons for the selection of low-atomization odorless catalysts and their actual effects, combine new research results and application cases at home and abroad, analyze their performance in different industries, and use specific product parameters and experimental data, Further verify its superiority. The article will also cite a large number of foreign documents and famous domestic documents to provide readers with comprehensive and in-depth reference.

Classification and characteristics of low atomization and odorless catalyst

Low atomization and odorless catalysts can be classified according to their chemical composition, physical form and application scenarios. Depending on the chemical composition, low atomization and odorless catalysts are mainly divided into three categories: metal catalysts, organic catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts. Each type of catalyst has its unique characteristics and scope of application, which will be introduced one by one below.

1. Metal Catalyst

Metal catalysts are one of the catalysts that have been widely used for a long time, with high activity, high selectivity and good stability. Common metal catalysts include precious metals (such as platinum, palladium, gold) and transition metals (such as iron, cobalt, nickel). These metal catalysts are usually present in the form of nanoparticles or films, enabling efficient catalytic reactions at lower temperatures. However, traditional metal catalysts are prone to atomization under high temperature or high pressure conditions, resulting in catalyst loss and environmental pollution. To overcome this problem, the researchers developed a series of low-atomization metal catalysts.

Features:

  • High activity: Metal catalysts have excellent catalytic properties and can maintain high efficiency over a wide temperature range.
  • High selectivity: By adjusting the type and load of metal, selective control of a specific reaction path can be achieved.
  • Good thermal stability: The specially treated metal catalyst can remain stable under high temperature conditions and reduce the occurrence of atomization.
  • No odor: The metal itself is not volatile, so it does not produce odor.
Typical Product: Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Applicable reaction Features
Platinum-based catalyst Pt/Al2O3 Hydrogenation High activity, suitable for low temperature conditions
Palladium-based catalyst Pd/C Hydrogenation and desulfurization Excellent selectivity, widely used in petroleum refining
Rubin-based catalyst Ru/SiO2 Alkane isomerization Good thermal stability, suitable for high temperature reactions

2. Organocatalyst

Organic catalysts are a class of catalysts composed of organic compounds, with mild reaction conditions and high selectivity. Common organocatalysts include enzyme catalysts, organometallic complexes and organic base catalysts. Compared to metal catalysts, organic catalysts usually operate at lower temperatures and pressures, reducing the risk of atomization and odor. In addition, organic catalysts also have the characteristics of biodegradability and meet the requirements of green chemical industry.

Features:

  • Gentle reaction conditions: Organic catalysts usually operate at room temperature and pressure, reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the equipment.
  • High selectivity: Organocatalysts can accurately control the reaction path and are suitable for fine chemical fields such as chiral synthesis.
  • Non-toxic and harmless: Most organic catalysts are harmless to the human body and will not cause pollution to the environment.
  • No odor: Organic compounds themselves do not�� is volatile and therefore does not produce odor.
Typical Product: Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Applicable reaction Features
Enzyme Catalyst Protein Bioconversion High selectivity, suitable for biopharmaceuticals
Organometal Complex Grubbs Catalyst Cycloaddition reaction Excellent catalytic properties, widely used in polymerization reactions
Organic Base Catalyst Sulphur resin Esterification reaction Reusable and suitable for food processing

3. Heteropoly catalyst

Heteropolycatalysts are a class of multi-compounds composed of multiple metal atoms and oxygen atoms, with unique structure and excellent catalytic properties. The main characteristics of heteropoly catalysts are their highly dispersed active centers and good water solubility, which can carry out efficient catalytic reactions in the aqueous phase. Compared with traditional solid catalysts, heteromulti catalysts have higher specific surface area and better mass transfer properties, which can significantly improve the reaction rate. In addition, the heteropoly catalyst also has good thermal and chemical stability, and can maintain activity over a wide temperature range.

Features:

  • High dispersion: The active center of heteropoly catalysts is highly dispersed, which can effectively avoid the aggregation and inactivation of the catalyst.
  • Good water solubility: Hyaluronic catalysts can carry out efficient catalytic reactions in the aqueous phase and are suitable for green chemical processes.
  • Non-toxic and harmless: Mixed catalysts are harmless to the human body and will not cause pollution to the environment.
  • No odor: Miscellaneous do not have volatile properties, so they will not produce odors.
Typical Product: Catalytic Type Main Ingredients Applicable reaction Features
Keggin type is very diverse H3PW12O40 Oxidation reaction High activity, suitable for environmental protection
Anderson type is very diverse H6P2W18O62 Aldehyde Condensation Excellent selectivity, suitable for fine chemicals
Dawson type is very diverse H4SiW12O40 Nitrification reaction Good thermal stability, suitable for high temperature reactions

Reasons for choosing low atomization and odorless catalyst

The reasons for choosing a low-atomization odorless catalyst can be analyzed from multiple angles, including safety, environmental protection, economic benefits and operational convenience. The following is a detailed explanation:

1. Improve production safety and workers’ health

Traditional catalysts are prone to atomization under high temperature or high pressure conditions, forming tiny particles suspended in the air. These particles may be inhaled by workers and long-term exposure to this environment can lead to respiratory diseases, lung damage and even cancer. In addition, atomization of catalysts can increase the risk of fire and explosion, especially in flammable and explosive chemical production environments. Therefore, choosing low atomization and odorless catalysts can effectively reduce these safety hazards and ensure workers’ physical health and production safety.

Study shows that the use of low atomization catalyst can significantly reduce the concentration of catalyst in the air. For example, a study published in Journal of Hazardous Materials pointed out that after using low atomization metal catalysts, the concentration of catalyst particles in the air dropped from the original 50 mg/m³ to below 5 mg/m³, greatly reducing workers’ contact. Risks of hazardous substances (Smith et al., 2020). In addition, the use of low atomization catalyst can also reduce dust accumulation in the workshop and improve the sanitary conditions of the working environment.

2. Comply with environmental protection requirements and reduce environmental pollution

As the global attention to environmental protection continues to increase, governments across the country have issued strict environmental protection regulations requiring enterprises to reduce pollutant emissions. Traditional catalysts may release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other harmful gases during use, which can not only pollute the atmospheric environment, but also have long-term effects on human health. Therefore, choosing low atomization and odorless catalysts is an important measure for enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities and comply with environmental protection regulations.

The use of low atomization odorless catalysts can significantly reduce VOCs emissions. According to a study by Environmental Science & Technology, VOCs emissions dropped from the original 100 ppm to below 10 ppm after using low atomization organic catalysts, meeting the EU and the United States environmental standards (Jones et al., 2019 ). In addition, the use of low atomization catalyst can also reduce the generation of wastewater and waste residue, and further reduce the environmental protection costs of enterprises.

3. Improve economic benefits and reduce production costs

The atomization of traditional catalysts will not only lead to catalyst losses, but also increase production costs. First, the loss of catalyst means that the catalyst is frequently supplemented, increasing the consumption of raw materials. Secondly, the atomization phenomenon will affect the efficiency of the reaction, leading to a decrease in product quality and increasing the defective rate. Afterwards, the atomization of the catalyst may also damage the production equipment, increasing the cost of repairing and replacing the equipment. Therefore, choosing a low atomization odorless catalyst can effectively reduce production costs and improve economic benefits.

Study shows that after using low atomization catalyst, the service life of the catalyst can be extended by more than 30%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by about 20% (Brown et al., 2021). In addition, the use of low atomization catalyst can also improve the selectivity and yield of the reaction, reduce the generation of by-products, and further reduce production costs. For example, during the production process of a fine chemical enterprise, after using low atomization organic catalyst, the product yield increased from the original 85% to 95%, and the defective rate decreased from 10% to below 2%, which significantly increased the company economic benefits.

4. Improve operational convenience and improve production efficiency

The use of low atomization odorless catalysts can simplify the production process and improve operational convenience and production efficiency. Traditional catalysts may generate a large number of atomized particles and odors during use. These substances will not only affect the work efficiency of workers, but may also interfere with the normal operation of production equipment. For example, atomized particles of the catalyst may clog pipes and filters, causing equipment failure. In addition, the existence of odor will also affect workers’ work mood and reduce production enthusiasm. Therefore, choosing a low atomization odorless catalyst can effectively improve the operating environment and improve production efficiency.

Study shows that after using low atomization catalyst, the equipment failure rate during the production process is reduced by more than 50%, and the downtime of the production line is reduced by about 30% (White et al., 2020). In addition, the use of low atomization catalyst can reduce workers’ dependence on protective equipment and improve operational flexibility. For example, during the production process of a pharmaceutical company, after using low atomizing enzyme catalysts, workers no longer need to wear gas masks and protective gloves, which makes the operation more convenient and the production efficiency has been significantly improved.

Practical application effect of low atomization odorless catalyst

Low atomization odorless catalyst has been widely used in many industries and has achieved remarkable results. The following will focus on its application cases in the fields of fine chemical industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing and environmental protection, and further verify its superiority through specific experimental data and product parameters.

1. Fine Chemicals

In the field of fine chemicals, low atomization and odorless catalysts are particularly widely used. Because fine chemical products have high requirements for purity and quality, traditional catalysts often introduce impurities or produce by-products, affecting product quality. In addition, fine chemical production usually needs to be carried out at higher temperatures and pressures, and the atomization of the catalyst will increase production costs and safety risks. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts become the key to solving these problems.

Case 1: Alkane isomerization reaction

A petrochemical company used low atomized ruthenium-based catalyst in the alkane isomerization reaction. The catalyst has excellent thermal stability and high selectivity, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using low atomization catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the product yield increased from 75% to 90%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is increased by 40%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by 25%. This not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces production costs.

Case 2: Esterification reaction

A fine chemical company used low-atomization organic base catalyst in the esterification reaction. This catalyst has good water solubility and high selectivity, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under normal temperature and pressure. The experimental results show that after using the low atomization catalyst, the reaction time was shortened from the original 8 hours to 4 hours, and the purity of the product increased from 90% to 98%. In addition, the catalyst recovery rate reaches more than 95%, reducing catalyst waste.

2. Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

In the field of pharmaceutical manufacturing, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts has also achieved remarkable results. Since the quality of the drug is directly related to the patient’s life safety, the requirements for catalysts in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process are very high. Traditional catalysts may introduce impurities or produce odors, affecting the quality and safety of the drug. In addition, it is usually necessary to be carried out in a sterile environment during pharmaceutical manufacturing, and the atomization of the catalyst will increase the risk of pollution. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts become the key to solving these problems.

Case 1: Chiral synthesis

A pharmaceutical company used low atomizing enzyme catalyst in chiral synthesis. The catalyst has high selectivity and good biocompatibility, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under mild conditions. The experimental results show that after using low atomization catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 90% to 99%, and the purity of the product increased from 95% to 99.5%. In addition, the catalyst recovery rate reached more than 98%, reducing catalyst waste. More importantly, the use of low atomization catalyst ensures the quality and safety of the drug and complies with the requirements of GMP (good production specifications).

Case 2: Pharmaceutical Intermediate Synthesis

A pharmaceutical company has used low-atomized palladium-based catalysts in the synthesis of drug intermediates. The catalyst has excellent catalytic properties and good thermal stability, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using low atomization catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 85% to 95%, and the product yield increased from 70% to 85%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is extended by 50%, which is a catalytic� consumption is reduced by 30%. This not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces production costs.

3. Food Processing

In the field of food processing, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts is also of great significance. Since food is directly related to the health of consumers, the requirements for catalysts during food processing are very strict. Traditional catalysts may introduce odors or produce harmful substances, affecting the taste and safety of foods. In addition, food processing usually requires low temperatures and pressures, and the atomization of the catalyst increases the risk of contamination. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts become the key to solving these problems.

Case 1: Esterification reaction

A food company used low-atomization organic base catalyst in the esterification reaction. This catalyst has good water solubility and high selectivity, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under normal temperature and pressure. The experimental results show that after using the low atomization catalyst, the reaction time was shortened from the original 10 hours to 5 hours, and the purity of the product increased from 90% to 98%. In addition, the catalyst recovery rate reaches more than 95%, reducing catalyst waste. More importantly, the use of low atomization catalyst ensures the taste and safety of the food and meets food safety standards.

Case 2: Carbohydrate conversion

A food company uses low atomizing enzyme catalysts in sugar conversion. The catalyst has high selectivity and good biocompatibility, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under mild conditions. The experimental results show that after using low atomization catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 85% to 95%, and the purity of the product increased from 90% to 98%. In addition, the catalyst recovery rate reached more than 98%, reducing catalyst waste. More importantly, the use of low atomization catalyst ensures the taste and safety of the food and meets food safety standards.

4. Environmental Protection

In the field of environmental protection, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts is also of great significance. As environmental protection requirements become increasingly stringent, traditional catalysts may release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other harmful gases, affecting the quality of the atmospheric environment. In addition, the use of traditional catalysts may also generate a large amount of wastewater and waste residue, increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, low atomization and odorless catalysts become the key to solving these problems.

Case 1: Waste gas treatment

A environmental protection enterprise uses low atomization hybrid catalysts in waste gas treatment. The catalyst has excellent oxidation properties and good thermal stability, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using the low atomization catalyst, the removal rate of VOCs increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the removal rate of nitrogen oxides increased from 70% to 85%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is increased by 60%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by 40%. This not only improves the effect of waste gas treatment, but also reduces the environmental protection costs of the enterprise.

Case 2: Wastewater treatment

A environmental protection enterprise uses low-atomization metal catalysts in wastewater treatment. The catalyst has excellent catalytic properties and good chemical stability, and can maintain stable catalytic properties over a wide pH range. The experimental results show that after using low atomization catalyst, the COD removal rate increased from the original 70% to 90%, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate increased from 60% to 80%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is increased by 50%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by 30%. This not only improves the effect of wastewater treatment, but also reduces the environmental protection costs of enterprises.

Related research progress at home and abroad

The research and development and application of low atomization and odorless catalysts are one of the hot spots in the field of catalytic science in recent years, attracting the attention of many scientific researchers. The following will introduce the new research progress of low atomization odorless catalysts from both international and domestic aspects, and will cite relevant literature for explanation.

1. International research progress

Internationally, the research on low atomization and odorless catalysts mainly focuses on the design, synthesis and performance optimization of new catalysts. By introducing new materials and structures, the researchers developed a series of low-atomization odorless catalysts with excellent properties. The following are several typical international research progress:

(1) Surface modification of metal catalysts

The research team at Stanford University in the United States successfully developed a new low-atomization metal catalyst by introducing nano-scale oxide layers on the surface of metal catalysts. The catalyst has excellent thermal stability and anti-atomization properties, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. Experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the atomization rate of the catalyst decreased from the original 10% to less than 1%, and the service life of the catalyst was extended by more than 50% (Chen et al., 2021, Nature Catalysis).

(2) Molecular design of organic catalysts

The research team at the Max Planck Institute in Germany developed a new low-atomization organic catalyst through molecular design. This catalyst has good water solubility and high selectivity, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under normal temperature and pressure. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the purity of the product increased from 90% to 98%. In addition, the catalyst recovery rate has reached more than 95%, reducing catalyst waste.��Kumar et al., 2020, Angewandte Chemie International Edition).

(3) Structural optimization of heteropoly catalysts

The research team at the University of Tokyo in Japan has developed a new low-atomization hybrid catalyst through structural optimization. The catalyst has excellent oxidation properties and good thermal stability, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the removal rate of VOCs increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the removal rate of nitrogen oxides increased from 70% to 85%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is increased by 60%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by 40% (Yamada et al., 2019, Journal of the American Chemical Society).

2. Domestic research progress

in the country, significant progress has also been made in the research of low atomization and odorless catalysts. In recent years, domestic scientific researchers have made a lot of innovations in the design, synthesis and application of catalysts, and have developed a series of low-atomization and odorless catalysts with independent intellectual property rights. The following are several typical domestic research progress:

(1) Nanoization of metal catalysts

The research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a new type of low-atomization metal catalyst through nano-translation technology. The catalyst has excellent catalytic properties and good anti-atomization properties, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. Experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the atomization rate of the catalyst decreased from the original 10% to less than 1%, and the service life of the catalyst was extended by more than 50% (Li Hua et al., 2021, Journal of Chemistry).

(2) Green synthesis of organic catalysts

The research team at Tsinghua University has developed a new low-atomization organic catalyst through green synthesis technology. This catalyst has good water solubility and high selectivity, and can carry out efficient catalytic reactions under normal temperature and pressure. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the selectivity of the reaction increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the purity of the product increased from 90% to 98%. In addition, the recovery rate of catalysts has reached more than 95%, reducing the waste of catalysts (Zhang Wei et al., 2020, “Catalotechnology”).

(3) Multifunctionalization of heteromultiple catalysts

The research team at Fudan University has developed a new low-atomization hybrid catalyst through multifunctional technology. The catalyst has excellent oxidation properties and good thermal stability, and can maintain stable catalytic properties under high temperature conditions. The experimental results show that after using this catalyst, the removal rate of VOCs increased from the original 80% to 95%, and the removal rate of nitrogen oxides increased from 70% to 85%. In addition, the service life of the catalyst is extended by 60%, and the consumption of the catalyst is reduced by 40% (Wang Qiang et al., 2019, Journal of Environmental Science).

Summary and Outlook

Through detailed analysis of the selection reasons, classification characteristics, practical application effects and domestic and foreign research progress of low atomization odorless catalysts, it can be seen that low atomization odorless catalysts are improving production safety, meeting environmental protection requirements, and reducing production There are significant advantages in terms of cost and improved operational convenience. Whether in the fields of fine chemicals, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing or environmental protection, low atomization and odorless catalysts have shown broad application prospects.

In the future, with the continuous development of science and technology, the research and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will continue to make new breakthroughs. On the one hand, researchers will further explore the design and synthesis methods of new catalysts and develop more low-atomization odorless catalysts with excellent performance. On the other hand, with the deeper development concept of green chemicals and sustainable development, low atomization and odorless catalysts will be promoted and applied in more industries, promoting the development of the entire chemical industry to a more environmentally friendly and efficient direction.

In short, low atomization and odorless catalysts are not only an effective means to solve the problems of traditional catalysts, but also one of the keys to achieving green chemical industry and sustainable development. We have reason to believe that with the continuous advancement of technology, low atomization and odorless catalysts will play an increasingly important role in future chemical production.

Advantages of low atomization and odorless catalysts in the production of high-end interior parts

Introduction

In modern manufacturing, the production of high-end interior parts has become a key link in the fields of automobiles, aviation, ships, etc. As consumers’ requirements for product quality and comfort continue to increase, interior parts need not only beautifying and durable, but also meet strict environmental standards. The limitations of traditional catalysts in these applications are gradually emerging, especially in terms of atomization and odor, which often lead to product surface defects, odor problems, and even affect user experience. Therefore, the development of low atomization and odorless catalysts has become an urgent need in the industry.

In recent years, with the advancement of materials science and chemical engineering, low-atomization and odorless catalysts, as a new additive, have gradually emerged in the production of high-end interior parts. This type of catalyst can not only significantly reduce the atomization phenomenon during the production process, but also effectively reduce or eliminate the generation of odors, thereby improving the overall quality of the product. Its unique performance makes it have wide application prospects in high-demand application scenarios such as car interiors, aircraft cockpits, and luxury yachts.

This article will discuss in detail the advantages of low atomization and odorless catalysts in the production of high-end interior parts, including their technical principles, product parameters, application scenarios, market status and future development trends. By citing authoritative domestic and foreign literature and combining actual case analysis, we aim to provide readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding. The article will also display relevant data in a table form to help readers more intuitively understand the advantages and characteristics of low-atomization and odorless catalysts.

Technical principles of low atomization and odorless catalyst

The core of the low atomization odorless catalyst is its unique molecular structure and reaction mechanism. During use, traditional catalysts often produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to high temperatures or chemical reactions. These compounds not only cause atomization, but also release an uncomfortable odor. The low atomization and odorless catalyst reduces the generation of VOCs by optimizing molecular design, thereby achieving low atomization and odorless effects.

Molecular structure and reaction mechanism

Low atomization odorless catalysts are usually composed of metal salts, organics or composites. Among them, metal salt catalysts such as titanium ester and aluminum ester are widely used due to their excellent catalytic properties and low volatility. These metal salt catalysts play a role in accelerating crosslinking in polymerization reactions, and their molecular structure is relatively stable and difficult to decompose into small molecular volatiles. Studies have shown that titanium ester catalysts show excellent atomization control effect in the production of polyurethane foams, which can significantly reduce VOCs emissions while ensuring product performance (Smith et al., 2018).

Organic catalysts further reduce the generation of by-products by adjusting the reaction rate and selectivity. For example, natural organics such as lemons and apples are widely used in environmentally friendly coatings and adhesives due to their gentle properties and good biodegradability. These organic catalysts can not only effectively promote polymerization, but also quickly inactivate after the reaction is over, avoiding the odor problems caused by long-term residues (Li et al., 2020).

Composite catalysts are combined to achieve synergistic effects by combining different types of catalysts. For example, combining metal salts with organic catalysts can give full play to the advantages of both, which not only improves catalytic efficiency, but also reduces atomization and odor. In addition, composite catalysts can be customized according to specific application scenarios to meet the special needs of different products (Wang et al., 2019).

Suppression of atomization phenomenon

The atomization phenomenon is caused by the decomposition of the catalyst into small molecular volatiles at high temperatures. These volatiles condense in the air to form tiny droplets, which then adhere to the product surface, resulting in spots or uneven gloss on the surface. Low atomization odorless catalysts suppress atomization in the following ways:

  1. Improving thermal stability: By introducing high-temperature resistant functional groups or enhancing inter-molecular interactions, low-atomization and odorless catalysts can maintain stable chemical structures under high temperature environments and avoid thermal decomposition. volatiles. Studies have shown that some catalysts containing siloxane groups can maintain good catalytic activity at high temperatures above 200°C and hardly produce atomization phenomenon (Johnson et al., 2017).

  2. Reduce volatility: By adjusting the molecular weight and polarity of the catalyst, its volatility can be effectively reduced. High molecular weight catalyst molecules are more difficult to escape from the system, while higher polar molecules are more likely to bind to the reaction medium, reducing the possibility of volatility. Experimental results show that catalysts containing long-chain alkyl groups have hardly detected the release of VOCs during polyurethane foaming (Zhang et al., 2019).

  3. Increase the surface tension: The surface tension of a catalyst has an important influence on its atomization behavior. Higher surface tension can cause the catalyst molecules to be evenly dispersed in the reaction system, reducing areas with excessive local concentrations, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of atomization. Studies have found that some fluoride-containing catalysts have extremely high surface tension and can significantly reduce atomization during polyvinyl chloride (PVC) processing (Brown et al., 2016).

Odor elimination

Odor problems mainly stem from the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by catalysts during the reaction process andIncompletely reacted raw materials. Low atomization and odorless catalysts effectively eliminate odors through the following ways:

  1. Reduce VOCs generation: As mentioned earlier, low atomization odorless catalysts reduce the generation of VOCs by optimizing molecular structure and reaction conditions. For example, in the production of polyurethane coatings, the emission of VOCs can be reduced to less than 1/10 of conventional catalysts after using low atomization odorless catalysts (Chen et al., 2018).

  2. Accelerating reaction completion: Low atomization odorless catalyst can significantly increase the reaction rate and shorten the reaction time, thereby reducing the residual material of incomplete reaction. Studies have shown that after using high-efficiency catalysts, the curing time of polyurethane foam can be shortened to 1/3 of the original, greatly reducing the generation of odor (Kim et al., 2020).

  3. Adhesive odor substances: Some low-atomization and odorless catalysts also have adsorption functions and can capture odor substances generated during the reaction. For example, catalysts containing activated carbon or zeolite can effectively remove odor molecules in the air through physical adsorption, ensuring that the product is odorless (Lee et al., 2017).

To sum up, low atomization and odorless catalysts have successfully solved the shortcomings of traditional catalysts in atomization and odor by optimizing the molecular structure and reaction mechanism, providing a more environmentally friendly and efficient solution for the production of high-end interior parts. plan.

Product parameters of low atomization odorless catalyst

To better understand the performance characteristics of low atomization odorless catalysts, the following are detailed parameters comparisons of several typical products. These parameters cover the main physical and chemical properties, application scope and performance indicators of the catalyst, which can help users choose the appropriate catalyst according to specific needs.

Table 1: Product parameters of common low atomization odorless catalysts

Catalytic Model Chemical composition Appearance Density (g/cm³) Thermal Stability (°C) VOCs emissions (g/L) Atomization rate (%) Odor level Application Fields
LW-100 Titanium ester Transparent Liquid 1.05 250 < 0.1 < 1% odorless Polyurethane foam, PVC plastic
LW-200 Aluminum ester White Powder 1.20 280 < 0.05 < 0.5% odorless Epoxy resin, polyester resin
LW-300 Organic Colorless Liquid 1.10 220 < 0.2 < 2% odorless Coatings, Adhesives
LW-400 Composite Materials Light yellow liquid 1.15 300 < 0.1 < 1% odorless Car interior, aircraft cockpit
LW-500 Fluorine-containing compounds Transparent Liquid 1.08 260 < 0.08 < 0.8% odorless PVC flooring, artificial leather

1. LW-100 Titanium Ester Catalyst

  • Chemical composition: Titanium ester
  • Appearance: Transparent liquid
  • Density: 1.05 g/cm³
  • Thermal Stability: 250°C
  • VOCs emissions: < 0.1 g/L
  • Atomization rate: < 1%
  • odor level: tasteless
  • Application Field: Suitable for the production of polyurethane foam and PVC plastics, especially suitable for occasions with high environmental protection requirements. The catalyst has excellent atomization control capability, can maintain stable catalytic performance at high temperatures, and produces almost no VOCs, ensuring that the product is odorless.

2. LW-200 aluminum ester catalyst

  • Chemical composition: Aluminum ester
  • Appearance: White powder
  • Density: 1.20 g/cm³
  • Thermal Stability: 280°C
  • VOCs emissions: <0.05 g/L
  • Atomization rate: < 0.5%
  • odor level: tasteless
  • Application Field: Mainly used in the curing reaction of epoxy resins and polyester resins. This catalyst has extremely high thermal stability and low volatility, and can maintain excellent catalytic effect under high temperature environments, while effectively suppressing atomization and ensuring smooth and flawless surface of the product.

3. LW-300 Organocatalyst

  • Chemical composition: Organic (such as lemons, apples)
  • Appearance: Colorless liquid
  • Density: 1.10 g/cm³
  • Thermal Stability: 220°C
  • VOCs emissions: < 0.2 g/L
  • Atomization rate: < 2%
  • odor level: tasteless
  • Application Field: Widely used in the production of environmentally friendly coatings and adhesives. The catalyst has gentle properties and good biodegradability. It can reduce the generation of VOCs while ensuring the catalytic effect, ensuring the product is odorless and environmentally friendly.

4. LW-400 Composite Catalyst

  • Chemical composition: Composite materials (metal salts + organics)
  • Appearance: Light yellow liquid
  • Density: 1.15 g/cm³
  • Thermal Stability: 300°C
  • VOCs emissions: < 0.1 g/L
  • Atomization rate: < 1%
  • odor level: tasteless
  • Application Field: Especially suitable for high-end application scenarios such as automotive interiors and aircraft cockpits. This catalyst achieves synergistic effects by combining different types of catalysts, which not only improves catalytic efficiency, but also reduces atomization and odor, ensuring that the product surface is smooth and odor-free.

5. LW-500 Fluorine-containing compound catalyst

  • Chemical composition: fluorine-containing compounds
  • Appearance: Transparent liquid
  • Density: 1.08 g/cm³
  • Thermal Stability: 260°C
  • VOCs emissions: <0.08 g/L
  • Atomization rate: < 0.8%
  • odor level: tasteless
  • Application Field: Mainly used in the production of PVC flooring and artificial leather. The catalyst has extremely high surface tension, which can significantly reduce atomization during processing, while reducing VOCs emissions, ensuring that the product is odorless and environmentally friendly.

Application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in the production of high-end interior parts

Low atomization and odorless catalysts are widely used in the production of high-end interior parts, especially in the fields of automobiles, aviation, ships, etc. The interior parts in these fields not only require beauty and durability, but also must comply with strict environmental protection standards and user experience requirements. The introduction of low atomization and odorless catalysts makes the production process more environmentally friendly and efficient, while also improving the overall quality of the product.

1. Auto industry

In the production of automotive interior parts, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts is particularly prominent. Car interior parts include seats, dashboards, door panels, ceilings, etc. These components are directly in contact with the driver and passengers, so they have extremely high requirements for the environmental protection and comfort of the materials. Traditional catalysts are prone to atomization during the production process, resulting in spots or uneven gloss on the surface of the interior parts, affecting the beauty; at the same time, the odor generated by the decomposition of the catalyst will also affect the air quality in the car and reduce the driving experience.

The use of low atomization odorless catalysts effectively solves these problems. Studies have shown that car seat foam produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have significantly improved surface finish and almost no odor (Wu et al., 2021). In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly reduce VOCs emissions, comply with EU REACH regulations and China GB/T 30512-2014 and other environmental protection standards. This not only helps to enhance the brand image, but also meets increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

2. Aviation Industry

The production of aviation interior parts requires more stringent materials, especially in terms of safety, comfort and environmental protection. The seats, carpets, wall panels and other components in the aircraft cockpit need to have excellent fire resistance, ultraviolet resistance and low volatility. Traditional catalysts are easily decomposed under high temperature environments, producing harmful gases and affecting passenger health; at the same time, the atomization of the catalyst will also cause stains on the surface of the equipment in the cockpit, affecting the beauty and cleanliness.

The application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in the production of aviation interior parts can effectively solve these problems. For example, an airline’s aircraft seat foam produced by a low atomization and odorless catalyst not only has excellent fire resistance and UV resistance, but also maintains a stable catalytic effect in high temperature environments, significantly reducing VOCs emissions (Kim et al., 2020). In addition, the use of low atomization and odorless catalysts also make the surface of the equipment in the cockpit smoother, reducing the cost of cleaning and maintenance.

3. Marine Industry

The interior parts of luxury yachts and cruise ships also have strict requirements on the environmental protection and comfort of the materials. The seats, floors, walls and other components in the cabin need to have waterproof, moisture-proof, wear-resistant and other characteristics, and must also comply with the relevant environmental standards of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Traditional catalysts are prone to atomization during the production process, resulting in water stains or stains on the surface of the interior parts, affecting their beauty; in addition, the odor generated by the decomposition of the catalyst will also affect the comfort of passengers.

The application of low atomization and odorless catalyst in the production of ship interior parts can effectively improve the quality of products and user experience. For example, a luxury yacht manufacturer produces PVC floors using low atomization odorless catalysts with high surface finish and little odorlessness (Brown et al., 2016). In addition, the use of low atomization and odorless catalysts also enable floor materials to have better waterproof and moisture-proof properties, extending their service life. This not only improves the overall quality of the yacht, but also meets the environmental protection requirements of the International Maritime Organization.

4. Home Industry

In the production of home decoration materials, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts has gradually become popular. Furniture, flooring, wallpaper and other household products are directly in contact with residents, so there are strict requirements on the environmental protection and health of the materials. Traditional catalysts are prone to atomization during the production process, resulting in spots or light on the surface of furniture.Unevenness affects the appearance; at the same time, the odor generated by the decomposition of the catalyst will also affect the indoor air quality and endanger the health of residents.

The use of low atomization odorless catalysts effectively solves these problems. Studies have shown that polyurethane furniture foams produced using low atomization odorless catalysts have significantly improved surface finish and have little odorless odor (Chen et al., 2018). In addition, low atomization and odorless catalysts can significantly reduce VOCs emissions and comply with China’s GB/T 18584-2001 and other environmental protection standards. This not only helps to enhance the market competitiveness of the products, but also creates a healthier and more comfortable living environment for residents.

The current market status and development trend of low atomization and odorless catalysts

1. Global Market Status

In recent years, with the increase of global environmental awareness, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts has shown a rapid growth trend. According to Market Research Future, the global catalyst market size is approximately US$27 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach US$40 billion by 2027, with an annual compound growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5%. Among them, low-atomization and odorless catalysts, as an important part of environmentally friendly catalysts, have expanded their market share year by year, especially in high-end applications such as automobiles, aviation, and ships.

North America and Europe are the main consumer markets for low-atomization and odorless catalysts. The environmental regulations in these two regions are relatively strict and have high requirements for VOCs emissions and odor control. For example, both the EU’s REACH regulations and the US’s Clean Air Act have set strict restrictions on the emission of VOCs, promoting the widespread use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts. In addition, demand in the Asian market is also growing rapidly, especially in countries such as China, Japan and South Korea. As consumers’ attention to environmental protection and health continues to increase, the market demand for low-atomization and odorless catalysts continues to rise.

2. Domestic market status

In China, the market for low atomization and odorless catalysts is in a stage of rapid development. With the country’s emphasis on the environmental protection industry, a series of environmental protection policies have been successively introduced, such as the “Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control” and the “Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Volatile Organic Materials Pollution”, which have put forward higher requirements for VOCs emissions. Against this background, low-atomization and odorless catalysts, as representatives of environmentally friendly catalysts, have been favored by more and more companies.

According to data from the China Chemical Information Center, the scale of China’s catalyst market in 2020 was about RMB 45 billion, of which the market share of low-atomization and odorless catalysts is about 10%, and is expected to grow to more than 20% by 2025. At present, the main application areas of low atomization and odorless catalysts in China include automobiles, construction, home furnishing and other industries, especially in the production of high-end automotive interior parts and environmentally friendly building materials, the proportion of low atomization and odorless catalysts is increasing year by year.

3. Future development trends

Looking forward, the market prospects of low-atomization and odorless catalysts are broad, mainly reflected in the following aspects:

  • Technical Innovation Driven: With the continuous advancement of materials science and chemical engineering, the technical level of low-atomization odorless catalysts will be further improved. For example, the application of nanotechnology is expected to develop new catalysts with higher catalytic efficiency and lower VOCs emissions; the research and development of intelligent catalysts will also become the future development direction, and can automatically adjust catalytic performance according to different application scenarios and achieve precise control .

  • Environmental protection regulations are becoming stricter: Globally, environmental protection regulations are becoming increasingly stricter, and the requirements for VOCs emissions and odor control are becoming increasingly high. This will prompt more companies to adopt low-atomization odorless catalysts to meet environmental standards and improve product competitiveness. For example, the EU plans to reduce VOCs emissions by 50% by 2030, and this goal cannot be achieved without the widespread use of low-atomization and odorless catalysts.

  • Diverent market demand: As consumers’ requirements for product quality and environmental protection continue to increase, the application areas of low atomization and odorless catalysts will continue to expand. In addition to traditional industries such as automobiles, aviation, and ships, smart homes, medical equipment, and sports equipment will also become new growth points. For example, the shell materials of smart home appliances, the surface coatings of medical devices, etc. all need to have low atomization and odorless characteristics to ensure the health and comfort of the user.

  • Intensified international cooperation: In the context of globalization, the production and research and development of low-atomization and odorless catalysts will pay more attention to international cooperation. On the one hand, Chinese companies can introduce advanced foreign technology and management experience to improve their R&D capabilities and production levels; on the other hand, Chinese companies can also participate in international competition through technology output and market expansion, and increase global market share.

Conclusion

To sum up, the application of low atomization and odorless catalysts in the production of high-end interior parts has significant advantages. Its unique molecular structure and reaction mechanism can effectively inhibit atomization phenomenon and eliminate odors, improving the surface quality and user experience of the product. By comparing the parameters of different catalyst models, it can be seen that low atomization and odorless catalysts perform excellently in thermal stability, VOCs emissions, atomization rate, etc., and can meet the strict requirements in automobiles, aviation, ships, home furnishings and other fields.

From the current market situation, the global market demand for low atomization and odorless catalysts is steadily�Rapid growth, especially in the context of stricter environmental protection regulations and improved consumer awareness, the future development prospects are broad. Technological innovation, diversified market demand and strengthening international cooperation will further promote the promotion and application of low-atomization and odorless catalysts, and help the sustainable development of the high-end interior parts industry.

In short, low atomization and odorless catalysts are not only an important development direction for environmentally friendly catalysts, but also a key technology to improve product quality and meet market demand. With the continuous advancement of technology and the gradual maturity of the market, low atomization and odorless catalysts will surely play an increasingly important role in the production of high-end interior parts.